scholarly journals Antimalaria Effect of the Ethanolic Stem Bark Extracts ofFicus platyphyllaDel

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isma'il Shittu ◽  
Amlabu Emmanuel ◽  
Andrew Jonathan Nok
Keyword(s):  
Survival Time ◽  
Plasmodium Berghei ◽  
Post Infection ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Bark Extract ◽  
Drastic Reduction ◽  
Traditional Use ◽  
Experimental Control ◽  
Mean Survival Time ◽  
Stem Bark Extract

The antimalarial effect of the ethanolic stem bark extract ofFicus platyphyllaDel was evaluated againstPlasmodium bergheiinfection in mice. Nontreated, experimental control mice died of fulminant parasitemia from day 7 to 9 post-infection but mice treated with the extract at 300 mg/kg showed markedly reduced parasitaemia bouts of 43.50% and a mean survival time of 28 days postinfection. The plant extract prevented a drastic reduction in PCV showing its efficacy in ameliorating anaemic conditions inPlasmodium berghei-infected mice. Histological examination of liver tissues of treated and untreated mice further supports the antimalaria potential of this plant. This observation validates the traditional use of this plant for the treatment of malaria.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Antimalarial Activity of the 80% Methanolic Stem Bark Extract of Combretum molle Against Plasmodium berghei in Mice

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. 2515690X1989086 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tafere Mulaw ◽  
Muluken Wubetu ◽  
Bekalu Dessie ◽  
Gebreselassie Demeke ◽  
Yalew Molla
Keyword(s):  
Crude Extract ◽  
Plasmodium Berghei ◽  
Antimalarial Activity ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Bark Extract ◽  
Traditional Use ◽  
Combretum Molle ◽  
Group I ◽  
Stem Bark Extract

Background. People are dependent on the traditional use of medicinal plants for the treatment of malaria without scientific validations. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the antimalarial activity of methanolic stem bark extract of Combretum molle in mice. Methods. After being infected with Plasmodium berghei, the mice were randomly divided into 5 groups (n = 5). In all cases, group I mice were treated as negative control and received 3% Tween 80; group II mice were treated with 25 mg/kg chloroquine; and groups III, IV, and V mice were treated with 100 mg/kg, 200 mg/kg, and 400 mg/kg of crude extract, respectively. Data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance followed by Tukey’s post hoc analysis. Results. In the chemosuppressive test, the parasitic suppression effect of the crude extract was found to be significant ( P < 0.05) as compared with the negative control. In the curative experiment, the average parasitic level of those mice treated by the 3 doses of the crude extract was significantly suppressed at days 5, 6, and 7 of treatment ( P < 0.001). Besides, the crude extract had been found to have a chemoprophylactic role as it inhibited the parasite level significantly relative to the negative control ( P < 0.001). Moreover, the crude extract had preventive effects on packed cell volume reduction in the 3 tests ( P < 0.001). Conclusions. The findings of the present study has supported the folklore use of the leaves of Combretum molle in the treatment of malaria. Therefore, further fractionation and characterization of the crude extract is necessary to identify the responsible lead compound(s) responsible for antiplasmodial activity.

scholarly journals Hydroethanolic stem bark extract of Vernonia amygdalina Del. (Asteraceae) suppresses yeast-induced pyrexia and Plasmodium berghei malaria in murine models

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 258-264
Author(s):  
Kwarley Quartey Anna ◽  
Jibira Yakubu ◽  
Forkuo-Donkor Arnold ◽  
Ayensu Isaac ◽  
Agyakoma Oduro-Kwarteng Adwoa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasmodium Berghei ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Bark Extract ◽  
Murine Models ◽  
Vernonia Amygdalina ◽  
Stem Bark Extract

scholarly journals Antiplasmodial Effect ofAnthocleista vogeliion Albino Mice Experimentally Infected withPlasmodium berghei berghei(NK 65)

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lebari Barine Gboeloh ◽  
Okpok Eta Okon ◽  
Samuel Effiong Udoh
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Plasmodium Berghei ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Bark Extract ◽  
Stem Bark Extract ◽  
Albino Mice ◽  
Dose Levels ◽  
Group D ◽  
Dose Dependent ◽  
Different Doses

The objective of the present study was to investigate the antiplasmodial effect of the ethanolic stem bark extract ofAnthocleista vogeliiat different doses in albino mice infected withPlasmodium berghei berghei(NK 65). Thirty-six mice were divided into six groups of six mice each. Five groups (B1–B3, D, and G) were infected withPlasmodium berghei bergheiparasitized red blood cells. Groups D, H, and G served as the controls. Six days after infection, mice in groups B1, B2, and B3were treated orally with 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg body weight ofAnthocleista vogelii,respectively, for six executive days. Group D was treated with 5 mg/kg body weight of chloroquine while Group G was given distilled water. Group H was not infected and was not treated. It served as the normal control. The extracts exhibited significant(P<0.05)dose-dependent chemosuppression ofP. berghei. The extract exhibited average chemosuppressive effects of 48.5%, 78.5%, and 86.6% at dose levels of 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg body weight, respectively. Phytochemical screening of the plant extract revealed the presence of saponins, cardiac glycosides, flavonoids, terpenes, alkaloids, and steroid. The acute toxicity (LD50) of the plant was estimated to be 3162 mg/kg body weight. It showed that the stem bark ofA. vogeliipossesses antiplasmodial property.

scholarly journals Antidiarrhoeal activity of ethanolic stem bark extract of Newbouldia laevis in castor oil-induced diarrhoea in rats

2019 ◽  
pp. 249-257
Author(s):  
AA Aderinola ◽  
J Ejiofor ◽  
OE Oyinloye ◽  
TA Fasanya ◽  
E Eremu
Keyword(s):  
Castor Oil ◽  
Diarrhoeal Disease ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Bark Extract ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Traditional Use ◽  
Ogun State ◽  
Stem Bark Extract

Background: Diarrhoeal disease is the second leading cause of morbidity and mortality in developing countries requiring urgent attention. Many of the conventional anti-diarrhoeal drugs cause serious adverse effects, hence the need to screen various plants for their medicinal values becomes imperative. Objective: To investigate the anti-diarrhoeal activity of ethanolic stem bark extract of Newbouldia laevis in castor-oil induced diarrhoea in rats. Methods: The stem bark of Newbouldia laevis collected from Abeokuta, Ogun State, was air-dried, ground, macerated in 90% ethanol and concentrated to dryness in a water bath and then reconstituted using distilled water. Fifty (50) albino rats of both sexes used for the study were divided into two groups: A and B with twenty-five (25) rats per group. Group A was used for the gastro-intestinal motility test using charcoal meal while Group B was used for castor-oil induced diarrhoea test and the number of stool pellets was counted over an hour period. Results: The extract (250-1000mg/kg) showed significant (p = 0.0399) anti-diarrhoeal activity by decreasing the distance of the gastrointestinal movement of charcoal meal in the treated rats and also inhibited the severity of diarrhoea induced by castor-oil in a dose-dependent manner when compared with the control (distilled water). This activity could be attributed to phytochemicals like flavonoids and tannins present in Newbouldia laevis. Conclusion: The results showed that stem bark extract of Newbouldia laevis possesses a significant anti-diarrhoeal property and this supports the traditional use of the plant in the treatment of diarrhoea.

scholarly journals Alterations in histological, biochemical and hematological parameters in Plasmodium berghei NK-65 infected balb/c mice treated with Bridelia ferruginea stem bark extract

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Olalere Shittu ◽  
Olufunke Adenike Opeyemi ◽  
Muritala Kayode Salawu ◽  
Abeeb Adio Ashiru ◽  
Shadrach Ayodeji Medaiyese ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasmodium Berghei ◽  
Herbal Remedy ◽  
Lethal Dose ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Herbal Extract ◽  
Bark Extract ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Bridelia Ferruginea ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
Stem Bark Extract

AbstractBackgroundRecent ethnomedicinal studies on Bridelia ferruginea Benth (family Phyllanthaceae) as an antiplasmodial remedy have established its potency as a strong prophylactic and chemosuppressive agent. Human consumption of medicinal herbs without adequate evaluation of its efficacy and safety can result in grave physiological and pathological consequences. Therefore, this study assessed the antiplasmodial bioactivity, biochemical, hematological, histopathological and toxicity profile of the ethanolic stem bark extract of B. ferruginea in mice.MethodsEthanolic stem bark extract of B. ferruginea (200, 400 and 800 mg/kg) were orally administered to Plasmodium berghei-infected mice in models and were subsequently observed for mortality, behavioral changes and signs of toxicity. Acute evaluation was experimented at 1,000 mg/kg for 28 days. Occult blood obtained from the euthanized mice were subjected to biochemical and hematological assays. A comprehensive assessment of the histology of the liver and kidney was also ascertained. The median lethal dose (LD50) was determined and extrapolated using the regression equation obtained from the plot of the probits of mortalities (y) and the log of doses (log10C).ResultsDifferent concentrations of the phytochemical secondary metabolites were revealed. Antiplasmodial bioactivity was established at the 200, 400 and 800 mg/kg of the herbal extract with a dearth in parasitemia at different days post-treatment. The 800 mg/kg group responded by exhibiting a dose-dependent decrease in parasitemia comparable with the chloroquine bi-phosphate group. Significant alterations in the histology of the liver and kidney of the 1,000 mg/kg group was documented. There was a reduction in the titers of LDH, ALT, AST, and urea in the treated group when compared with the control (p < 0.05). Antioxidant profiles were also highly significant with elevation in SOD, GPx, and CAT, but a reduction in MDA. LD50 was established at 424 mg/kg.ConclusionB. ferruginea Benth (family Phyllanthaceae) is a potent antiplasmodial, antioxidant, regenerative and ameliorative herbal remedy if administered in controlled dosage.

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