scholarly journals Unbounded Solutions of the Difference Equationxn=xn−lxn−k−1

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Stevo Stević ◽  
Bratislav Iričanin
Keyword(s):  
Difference Equation ◽  
General Result ◽  
General Character ◽  
Real Numbers ◽  
Unbounded Solutions ◽  
Initial Values ◽  
Easy Problem ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Long Term Behavior

The following difference equationxn=xn−lxn−k−1,n∈ℕ0, wherek,l∈ℕ,k<l,gcd(k,l)=1, and the initial valuesx-l,…,x-2,x-1are real numbers, has been investigated so far only for some particular values ofkandl. To get any general result on the equation is turned out as a not so easy problem. In this paper, we give the first result on the behaviour of solutions of the difference equation of general character, by describing the long-term behavior of the solutions of the equation for all values of parameterskandl, where the initial values satisfy the following conditionmin{x-l,…,x-2,x-1}.

scholarly journals On the Difference Equation

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Candace M. Kent ◽  
Witold Kosmala ◽  
Stevo Stević
Keyword(s):  
Difference Equation ◽  
Real Numbers ◽  
Initial Values ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Long Term Behavior

The long-term behavior of solutions of the following difference equation: , , where the initial values , , are real numbers, is investigated in the paper.

scholarly journals Long-Term Behavior of Solutions of the Difference Equation

2010 ◽  
Vol 2010 ◽  
pp. 1-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Candace M. Kent ◽  
Witold Kosmala ◽  
Stevo Stević
Keyword(s):  
Difference Equation ◽  
Real Numbers ◽  
Initial Values ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Long Term Behavior

We investigate the long-term behavior of solutions of the following difference equation: , , where the initial values , , and are real numbers. Numerous fascinating properties of the solutions of the equation are presented.

scholarly journals Solutions of the Difference Equation

2010 ◽  
Vol 2010 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Candace M. Kent ◽  
Witold Kosmala ◽  
Michael A. Radin ◽  
Stevo Stević
Keyword(s):  
Difference Equation ◽  
Initial Conditions ◽  
Boundedness Of Solutions ◽  
Real Numbers ◽  
Unbounded Solutions ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Long Term Behavior

Our goal in this paper is to investigate the long-term behavior of solutions of the following difference equation: , where the initial conditions and are real numbers. We examine the boundedness of solutions, periodicity of solutions, and existence of unbounded solutions and how these behaviors depend on initial conditions.

scholarly journals On a class of solvable higher-order difference equations

Filomat ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 461-477 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stevo Stevic ◽  
Mohammed Alghamdi ◽  
Abdullah Alotaibi ◽  
Elsayed Elsayed
Keyword(s):  
Difference Equation ◽  
Closed Form ◽  
Difference Equations ◽  
Higher Order ◽  
Real Numbers ◽  
Order Difference ◽  
Initial Values ◽  
Long Term Behavior

Closed form formulas for well-defined solutions of the next difference equation xn = xn-2xn-k-2/xn-k(an + bnxn-2xn-k-2), n ? N0, where k ? N, (an)n?N0, (bn)n?N0, and initial values x-i, i = 1,k+2 are real numbers, are given. Long-term behavior of well-defined solutions of the equation when (an)n?N0 and (bn)n?N0 are constant sequences is described in detail by using the formulas. We also describe the domain of undefinable solutions of the equation. Our results explain and considerably improve some recent results in the literature.

scholarly journals On the Difference Equationxn=anxn-k/(bn+cnxn-1⋯xn-k)

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stevo Stević ◽  
Josef Diblík ◽  
Bratislav Iričanin ◽  
Zdeněk Šmarda
Keyword(s):  
Difference Equation ◽  
Real Numbers ◽  
Initial Values ◽  
The Difference

The behavior of well-defined solutions of the difference equationxn=anxn-k/(bn+cnxn-1⋯xn-k), n∈ℕ0, wherek∈ℕis fixed, the sequencesan,bnandcnare real,(bn,cn)≠(0,0),n∈ℕ0, and the initial valuesx-k,…,x-1are real numbers, is described.

scholarly journals On the Recursive Sequencexn+1=A+xnp/xn−1r

2007 ◽  
Vol 2007 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stevo Stevic
Keyword(s):  
Difference Equation ◽  
Positive Solutions ◽  
Analogous Result ◽  
Real Numbers ◽  
Positive Real ◽  
Unbounded Solutions ◽  
Boundedness Character ◽  
The Difference

The paper considers the boundedness character of positive solutions of the difference equationxn+1=A+xnp/xn−1r,n∈ℕ0, whereA,p, andrare positive real numbers. It is shown that (a) Ifp2≥4r>4, orp≥1+r,r≤1, then this equation has positive unbounded solutions; (b) ifp2<4r, or2r≤p<1+r,r∈(0,1), then all positive solutions of the equation are bounded. Also, an analogous result is proved regarding positive solutions of the max type difference equationxn+1=max{A,xnp/xn−1r}, whereA,p,q∈(0,∞).

scholarly journals On the Difference Equation

2008 ◽  
Vol 2008 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
İbrahim Yalçinkaya
Keyword(s):  
Difference Equation ◽  
Higher Order ◽  
Real Numbers ◽  
Positive Real ◽  
Global Behaviour ◽  
Initial Values ◽  
The Difference

We investigate the global behaviour of the difference equation of higher order , where the parameters and the initial values and are arbitrary positive real numbers.

scholarly journals On the Difference Equationxn+1=xnxn-k/(xn-k+1a+bxnxn-k)

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stevo Stević ◽  
Josef Diblík ◽  
Bratislav Iričanin ◽  
Zdenĕk Šmarda
Keyword(s):  
Asymptotic Behavior ◽  
Difference Equation ◽  
Closed Form ◽  
Real Numbers ◽  
Initial Values ◽  
The Difference

We show that the difference equationxn+1=xnxn-k/xn-k+1(a+bxnxn-k),n∈ℕ0, wherek∈ℕ, the parametersa,band initial valuesx-i,i=0,k̅are real numbers, can be solved in closed form considerably extending the results in the literature. By using obtained formulae, we investigate asymptotic behavior of well-defined solutions of the equation.

scholarly journals Global behavior of a third order difference equation with quadratic term

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Abo-Zeid ◽  
H. Kamal
Keyword(s):  
Difference Equation ◽  
Global Behavior ◽  
Quadratic Term ◽  
Real Numbers ◽  
Third Order ◽  
Order Difference ◽  
Initial Values ◽  
Order Difference Equation ◽  
Admissible Solutions ◽  
The Difference

AbstractIn this paper, we solve and study the global behavior of the admissible solutions of the difference equation $$\begin{aligned} x_{n+1}=\frac{x_{n}x_{n-2}}{-ax_{n-1}+bx_{n-2}}, \quad n=0,1,\ldots , \end{aligned}$$ x n + 1 = x n x n - 2 - a x n - 1 + b x n - 2 , n = 0 , 1 , … , where $$a, b>0$$ a , b > 0 and the initial values $$x_{-2}$$ x - 2 , $$x_{-1}$$ x - 1 , $$x_{0}$$ x 0 are real numbers.

scholarly journals Global Behavior of the Difference Equationxn+1=xn-1g(xn)

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Hongjian Xi ◽  
Taixiang Sun ◽  
Bin Qin ◽  
Hui Wu
Keyword(s):  
Continuous Function ◽  
Difference Equation ◽  
Positive Solution ◽  
Positive Solutions ◽  
Initial Conditions ◽  
Global Behavior ◽  
Initial Values ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Surjective Function

We consider the following difference equationxn+1=xn-1g(xn),n=0,1,…,where initial valuesx-1,x0∈[0,+∞)andg:[0,+∞)→(0,1]is a strictly decreasing continuous surjective function. We show the following. (1) Every positive solution of this equation converges toa,0,a,0,…,or0,a,0,a,…for somea∈[0,+∞). (2) Assumea∈(0,+∞). Then the set of initial conditions(x-1,x0)∈(0,+∞)×(0,+∞)such that the positive solutions of this equation converge toa,0,a,0,…,or0,a,0,a,…is a unique strictly increasing continuous function or an empty set.

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