scholarly journals Persistent Pain in a Community-Based Sample of Children and Adolescents: Sex Differences in Psychological Constructs

2011 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 303-309 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samantha Fuss ◽  
M Gabrielle Pagé ◽  
Joel Katz
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Anxiety Sensitivity ◽  
Pain Catastrophizing ◽  
Childhood Anxiety ◽  
Persistent Pain ◽  
Childhood And Adolescence ◽  
Sensitivity Index ◽  
Psychological Variables ◽  
Pain Anxiety ◽  
Pain History

BACKGROUND: Very few studies have investigated the psychological factors associated with the pain experiences of children and adolescents in community samples.OBJECTIVES: To examine the lifetime prevalence of, and psychological variables associated with, persistent pain in a community sample of children and adolescents, and to explore differences according to sex, age and pain history.METHODS: Participants completed the Childhood Anxiety Sensitivity Index (CASI), the Child Pain Anxiety Symptoms Scale (CPASS), the Multidimensional Anxiety Scale for Children-10 (MASC-10), the Pain Catastrophizing Scale for Children (PCS-C) and a pain history questionnaire that assessed chronicity and pain frequency. After research ethics board approval, informed consent/assent was obtained from 1022 individuals recruited to participate in a study conducted at the Ontario Science Centre (Toronto, Ontario).RESULTS: Of the 1006 participants (54% female, mean [± SD] age 11.6±2.7 years) who provided complete data, 27% reported having experienced pain that lasted for three months or longer. A 2×2×2 (pain history, age and sex) multivariate ANOVA was conducted, with the total scores on the CASI, the CPASS, the MASC-10 and the PCS-C as dependent variables. Girls with a history of persistent pain expressed higher levels of anxiety sensitivity (P<0.001) and pain catastrophizing (P<0.001) than both girls without a pain history and boys regardless of pain history. This same pattern of results was found for anxiety and pain anxiety in the older, but not the younger, age group.CONCLUSIONS: Boys and girls appear to differ in terms of how age and pain history relate to the expression of pain-related psychological variables. Given the prevalence of persistent pain found in the study, more research is needed regarding the developmental implications of persistent pain in childhood and adolescence.

scholarly journals Reliability and convergent validity of the Childhood Anxiety Sensitivity Index in children and adolescents

2012 ◽  
Vol 61 (4) ◽  
pp. 193-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luciano Isolan ◽  
Giovanni Salum ◽  
Suzielle Menezes Flores ◽  
Hudson W. de Carvalho ◽  
Gisele Gus Manfro
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Emotional Disorders ◽  
Anxiety Sensitivity ◽  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Childhood Anxiety ◽  
Sensitivity Index ◽  
Childhood Anxiety Disorders ◽  
Anxiety Sensitivity Index ◽  
Brazilian Children

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to examine the reliability and the convergent validity of the Children Anxiety Sensitivity Index (CASI) with DSM-IV anxiety disorder symptoms, by comparison with the Screen for Child Anxiety Related Emotional Disorders (SCARED), in a community sample of Brazilian children and adolescents. METHODS: Children and adolescents from five schools were selected from a larger study that aimed to assess different aspects of childhood anxiety disorders. All participants completed the CASI and the SCARED. RESULTS: This study supported the reliability of the CASI total score. Girls reported higher total anxiety sensitivity scores than boys and there were no differences in total anxiety sensitivity scores between children and adolescents. This study showed moderate to high correlations between the CASI scores with SCARED scores, all correlations coefficients being positive and significant. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings demonstrate an appropriate reliability and evidence of convergent validity in the CASI in a sample of Brazilian children and adolescents.

scholarly journals Anxiety Sensitivity, Fear of Pain and Pain-Related Disability in Children and Adolescents with Chronic Pain

2007 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 267-272 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea L Martin ◽  
Patricia A McGrath ◽  
Stephen C Brown ◽  
Joel Katz
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Pain ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Anxiety Sensitivity ◽  
Functional Disability ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Childhood Anxiety ◽  
Pain Clinic ◽  
Sensitivity Index ◽  
Fear Of Pain ◽  
Pain Disability

BACKGROUND: Converging lines of evidence suggest that anxiety sensitivity and fear of pain may be important vulnerability factors in the development of avoidance behaviours and disability in adults with chronic pain. However, these factors have not been evaluated in children with chronic pain.OBJECTIVES: To examine the relationships among anxiety sensitivity, fear of pain and pain-related disability in children and adolescents with chronic pain.METHODS: An interview and five questionnaires (Childhood Anxiety Sensitivity Index, Pain Anxiety Symptoms Scale, Functional Disability Inventory, Multidimensional Anxiety Scale for Children, and Reynolds Child or Adolescent Depression Scale) were administered to 21 children and adolescents eight to 17 years of age (mean ± SD 14.24±2.21 years) who continued to experience pain an average of three years after discharge from a specialized pain clinic for children.RESULTS: Anxiety sensitivity accounted for 38.6% of the variance in fear of pain (F[1,20]=11.30; P=0.003) and fear of pain accounted for 39.9% of the variance in pain-related disability (F[1,20]=11.95; P=0.003), but anxiety sensitivity was not significantly related to pain disability (R2=0.09; P>0.05).CONCLUSIONS: These findings indicate that children with high levels of anxiety sensitivity had a higher fear of pain, which, in turn, was linked to increased pain disability. The results of this study suggest that anxiety sensitivity and fear of pain may play important and distinct roles in the processes that maintain chronic pain and pain-related disability in children.

Facets of the Childhood Anxiety Sensitivity Index Among Serbian Youth

2013 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 342-346 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dejan S. Stevanovic ◽  
Wendy K. Silverman ◽  
Kristin A. Nichols-Lopez ◽  
Smiljka D. Popovic-Deusic ◽  
Milica M. Pejovic-Milovancevic
Keyword(s):  
Anxiety Sensitivity ◽  
Childhood Anxiety ◽  
Sensitivity Index ◽  
Childhood Anxiety Sensitivity Index ◽  
Anxiety Sensitivity Index

Predicting pain and disability in patients with hand fractures: Comparing pain anxiety, anxiety sensitivity and pain catastrophizing

2010 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 446-451 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edmund Keogh ◽  
Katrin Book ◽  
James Thomas ◽  
Grey Giddins ◽  
Christopher Eccleston
Keyword(s):  
Anxiety Sensitivity ◽  
Pain Catastrophizing ◽  
Pain Anxiety ◽  
Hand Fractures
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