scholarly journals Polarization Holography in 3-Indoly-Benzylfulgimide/PMMA Film

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neimule Menke ◽  
Baoli Yao ◽  
Yingli Wang ◽  
Yi Chen
Keyword(s):  
Polarization State ◽  
Polymeric Films ◽  
Holographic Recording ◽  
Orthogonal Polarization ◽  
Pmma Film ◽  
Holographic Storage ◽  
Polarization Holography ◽  
Photochromic Compounds ◽  
Storage Media ◽  
Properties Of Materials

The photochromic and photoanisotropic properties of materials can be used in ordinary and polarization holographic recording respectively. Fulgides are well known as thermally irreversible organic photochromic compounds. And it is found that there exists photoinduced anisotropy in fulgide-doped polymeric films. In this report, a 3-indoly-benzylfulgimide/PMMA film was studied as a holographic storage media. First, the spectra and dynamics of photochromic and photoanisotropic properties of the sample are measured or calculated. Second, the diffraction efficiency (DE) dynamics at 633 nm of four kinds of different polarization holograms recorded in this sample are measured. The maximum DE value about 1% was gotten. Third, the DE spectra and DE dynamics are theoretically calculated in detail, and a good correlation of theoretically derived DE dynamic curves and the measured experimental curves was found. From the DE spectra, it is known that at the wavelengths less than 450 nm or greater than 700 nm, the nondestructive reading can be realized. The DWPS obtained in the experiments are same with the theortically deduced ones, which shows that in the orthogonal polarization holography, the polarization state of the diffracted light is orthogonal to that of the reconstruction light, which is very important to increase the SNR of the holographic storage. And all these results are applied and proved to be correct in high-density holographic image storage experiment. The area density of 2×108 bits/cm2 was obtained, and the encoded data was retrieved without error.

Polarization Multiplexing, Angle Multiplexing and Circumrotation Multiplexing Holographic Recording Experiments with 3-Indoly-Benzylfulgimide/PMMA Film

2011 ◽  
Vol 130-134 ◽  
pp. 2035-2041
Author(s):  
Zheng Yue Zong ◽  
Neimule Menke ◽  
Bao Li Yao ◽  
Ying Li Wang ◽  
Yi Chen
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Fatigue Resistance ◽  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Life Time ◽  
Holographic Recording ◽  
High Signal ◽  
Pmma Film ◽  
Holographic Storage ◽  
Polarization Multiplexing

Fulgide is well-known as a thermally irreversible organic photochromic compound. The fulgide films can be applied as recording materials in ordinary holography and polarization holography, which were respectively based on the photochromic and photoinduced anisotropy properties. In this report, different kinds of multiplexing holographic storage, like angle multiplexing, circumrotation multiplexing and polarization multiplexing are realized in a 3-indoly-benzylfulgimide/ PMMA film for the first time, where 5 images, 18 images and 2 images are stored at the same position of the film, and diffracted without crosstalk with each other. It is proved that 3-indoly-benzylfulgimide film has spatial resolution of 6300lines/mm, sensitivity of 2.89 × 10-3cm2/mJ at 632.8nm on the polarization direction of the exciting beam, fatigue resistance of 70 times, thermal stability of 14 months and has advantages like low cost, easy to used, rewritable, long life time at room temperature for both states, and high signal to noise ratio. Overall, 3-indoly-benzylfulgimide is a better rewritable holographic storage medium, but the fatigue resistance and thermal stability should be improved.

Research on Photochromic Compounds with Synthesis and Properties of a Novel Unsymmetrical Diarylethene with a Benzothiophene and a Pyrrole Group

2014 ◽  
Vol 1003 ◽  
pp. 23-26
Author(s):  
Hong Jing Jia ◽  
Ying Long Fu ◽  
Cong Bin Fan
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Potential Application ◽  
Uv Light ◽  
Optical Storage ◽  
Pmma Film ◽  
Good Thermal Stability ◽  
Photochromic Compounds ◽  
Storage Technology ◽  
Hexane Solution

A new unsymmetrical photochromic diarylethene1o, which is named [1-(2-methyl-benzothiophene)-2-(2-cyano-1,5-dimethyl-4-pyrryl)]perfluorocyclopentene, was synthesized. We used it to accomplish recording by optical storage technology as memory medium. Then its photochromic both in hexane solution and in PMMA film and kinetics experiment were investigated in detail. The result indicated that this diarylethene had good thermal stability and exhibited reversible photochromism, changing the color from colorless to violet in hexane solution upon appropriate irradiation with 297 nm UV light, respectively. What is more, the kinetic experiments illustrated that the cyclization/cycloreversion process of this compound was determined to be the zeroth/first reaction. The results demonstrated that the unsymmetrical diarylethene compound1o, which we have synthesized, had attractive properties for potential application in optical storage.

Study on Photochromic Materials with a Novel Photochromic Diarylethene use for Polarization Holographic Recording

2013 ◽  
Vol 763 ◽  
pp. 61-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shang Hua He ◽  
Gang Liu ◽  
Shi Qiang Cui
Keyword(s):  
Fluorescence Spectra ◽  
Uv Light ◽  
Amorphous Film ◽  
Quantum Yields ◽  
Holographic Recording ◽  
Pmma Film ◽  
Recording Medium ◽  
Fluorescent Properties ◽  
Image Recording ◽  
Photochromic Materials

A novel unsymmetrical photochromic diarylethene 1-(2, 5-dimethyl-3-thienyl)-2-[2-methyl-5-(2,2-dibutylfluorene)-3-thienyperfluorocyclo-pentene (1o) was synthesized and its photochromic and fluorescent properties were investigated. Diarylethene 1 changed the color from colorless to hyacinthine upon irradiation with 297 nm UV light, in which absorption maxima were observed at 554 nm in hexane and at 565 nm in PMMA amorphous film, respectively. This new photochromic system also exhibited remarkable fluorescence intensity both in solution and in PMMA film. The fluorescence spectra showed a systematic red-shift with the emission intensity of diarylethene 1 in a photo-stationary state was quenched to ca. 64%. The cyclization and cycloreversion quantum yields of 1 in hexane were determined to be 0.56 and 0.002. Polarization multiplexed image recording can be carried out in this diarylethene 1c/PMMA film as recording medium film.

scholarly journals Design and experimental analysis of dual-band polarization converting metasurface for microwave applications

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bilawal Khan ◽  
Babar Kamal ◽  
Sadiq Ullah ◽  
Imran Khan ◽  
Jawad Ali Shah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electromagnetic Waves ◽  
Polarization State ◽  
Plane Waves ◽  
Microwave Frequency ◽  
Dual Band ◽  
Orthogonal Polarization ◽  
Frequency Bands ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Sensor Applications ◽  
Polarized Waves

Abstract The manipulation of polarization state of electromagnetic waves is of great importance in many practical applications. In this paper, the reflection characteristics of a thin and dual-band metasurface are examined in the microwave frequency regime. The metasurface consists of a 22 × 22 element array of periodic unit cells. The geometry of the unit cell consists of three layers, including a 45° inclined dipole shape metal patch on top, which is backed by a 1.6 mm thick FR-4 substrate in the middle, and a fully reflective metallic mirror at the bottom. The proposed surface is exposed to horizontally (x) or vertically (y) polarized plane waves and the co and cross polarization reflection coefficients of the reflected waves are investigated experimentally in the 6–26 GHz frequency range. The metasurface is designed to convert incident waves of known polarization state (horizontal or vertical) to orthogonal polarization state (vertical and horizontal) in two distinct frequency bands, i.e. 7.1–8 GHz and 13.3–25.8 GHz. In these two frequency bands the simulated and experimental results are in good agreement. The polarization conversion ratio (PCR) of the surface is greater than 95% in the targeted frequency bands. A detailed parametric analysis of the metasurface is also discussed in this work and it has been estimated that the surface has the additional ability to convert linearly polarized waves to circularly polarized waves at several distinct frequencies. The proposed metasurface can be utilized in sensor applications, stealth technology, electromagnetic measurements, and antennas design.

scholarly journals A Facile Fabrication Route of Poly(Ethylene Glycol Phenyl Ether Acrylate) Photopolymers with Efficient Optical Response for Holographic Storage

Crystals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 935
Author(s):  
Fang-Yong Lee ◽  
Xin-Jin Wang ◽  
Wei-Hung Su ◽  
Tzu-Chien Hsu
Keyword(s):  
Ethylene Glycol ◽  
Response Time ◽  
Diffraction Efficiency ◽  
Optical Parameter ◽  
Optical Response ◽  
Holographic Recording ◽  
Initiator Concentration ◽  
Holographic Storage ◽  
Poly Ethylene ◽  
Exposure Energy

A series of photopolymers based on ethylene glycol phenyl ethyl arylate (EGPEA) monomers and poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) matrix with varying initiator concentrations and sample thicknesses have been synthesized and their optical performance characterized in this study. The advantages of lowering the initiator concentration, including a rather short initiation time within a few seconds; a sharp rising optical response; and a stable saturated diffraction efficiency are demonstrated. The variation in the diffraction efficiency and response time with the exposure energy under various sample thickness and initiator concentrations is examined; a diffraction efficiency as high as 80% and a relatively short response time of 12–39 s are attainable. The dependence of the normalized optical parameter “sensitivity” on the exposure time is depicted, and the peak value of S ranges vastly from about 0.2 to 1.2 × 104 cm/J within a period of 15 s or so, with a maximum value of nearly 1.2 × 104. Favorable evidence of low initiator concentration can further be found when the dependence of the saturated diffraction efficiency with the exposure energy is examined. The data from this study using a low initiator concentration cover a range of exposure energy from 100 to 800 mJ/cm2 and a saturated diffraction efficiency from about 15% to 80%. The successful image reconstruction of 6-membered-ring metal nuts on a hologram based on this EGPEA/PMMA photopolymer system using a reflective holographic recording setup is demonstrated to verify its applicability to holographic storage.

Research on Relationship of Polarization and Rayleigh Backscatter in Bidirectional Fiber Communication Systems

2013 ◽  
Vol 312 ◽  
pp. 625-630
Author(s):  
Yan Hong Wang ◽  
Gao Wang ◽  
Ji Liu
Keyword(s):  
Communication Systems ◽  
Polarization State ◽  
Single Mode ◽  
Single Mode Fiber ◽  
Light Polarization ◽  
Polarization Property ◽  
Orthogonal Polarization ◽  
Fiber Communication ◽  
Order Of Magnitude ◽  
Relationship Of

In this paper, the general theory and polarization property of RB in single mode fiber is discussed. According to the theoretical analysis results, the bidirectional carrying system with a polarization rotating device for analog radio frequency (RF) signal is set up. The relationship of the system CRN and the different polarization state by the polarization rotating device is studied. The results show that the RB light polarization state of backward fiber end can keep to perpendicular to that of forward light when backward lights polarization is orthogonal forward lights polarization. So utilizing orthogonal polarization method for decreasing CRN can be carried on. The system performance is analyzed by simulation. The simulation results show that CRN of the bidirectional communication system on a single mode fiber can be inhibited by using the method and RB light can decrease by an order of magnitude.

scholarly journals Influence of Tea Tree Essential Oil and Poly(ethylene glycol) on Antibacterial and Physicochemical Properties of Polylactide-Based Films

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (21) ◽  
pp. 4953
Author(s):  
Iwona Tarach ◽  
Ewa Olewnik-Kruszkowska ◽  
Agnieszka Richert ◽  
Magdalena Gierszewska ◽  
Anna Rudawska
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Ethylene Glycol ◽  
Antibacterial Effect ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Polymeric Films ◽  
Poly Ethylene Glycol ◽  
Tea Tree ◽  
Resistance To Deformation ◽  
Properties Of Materials ◽  
Poly Ethylene

The aim of the study was to establish the influence of poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) on the properties of potential biodegradable packaging materials with antibacterial properties, based on polylactide (PLA) and tea tree essential oil (TTO). The obtained polymeric films consisted of PLA, a natural biocide, and tea tree essential oil (5–20 wt. %) was prepared with or without an addition of 5 wt. % PEG. The PLA-based materials have been tested, taking into account their morphology, and their thermal, mechanical and antibacterial properties against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. It was established that the introduction of a plasticizer into the PLA–TTO systems leads to an increase in tensile strength, resistance to deformation, as well an increased thermal stability, in comparison to films modified using only TTO. The incorporation of 5 wt. % PEG in the PLA solution containing 5 wt. % TTO allowed us to obtain a material exhibiting a satisfactory antibacterial effect on both groups of representative bacteria. The presented results indicated a beneficial effect of PEG on the antibacterial and functional properties of materials with the addition of TTO.

scholarly journals Effect of the Thickness of Insulator Polymeric Films on the Memory Behavior: The Case of the Polymethylmethacrylate and the Polystyrene

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Avila-Niño ◽  
A. O. Sustaita ◽  
M. Reyes-Reyes ◽  
R. López-Sandoval
Keyword(s):  
Film Thickness ◽  
Differential Resistance ◽  
Polymeric Films ◽  
Thickness Variation ◽  
Pmma Film ◽  
Organic Layer ◽  
Organic Film ◽  
Aluminum Particles ◽  
Conductivity Switching ◽  
Type Of Behavior

The effect of thickness variation on the memory behavior of the polymethylmethacrylate-(PMMA)-based devices has been investigated. The PMMA film thicknesses have been varied between 5 to 300 nm, and we have found that the film thickness determines the type of behavior: ohmic, write-once-read-many-times (WORM) memory with two ON states, WORM memory with a negative differential resistance (NDR) region, and WORM memory without NDR region. The fact that similar results were obtained using different solvents to dilute PMMA (chlorobenzene, chloroform, and dimethyl sulfoxide), as well as using an other insulating polymer such as polystyrene (PS), leads to the conclusion that the phenomenon of memory depends on the aluminum electrodes, organic film thickness, and the compliance current used during the electroformation whereas the type of organic layer (PMMA or PS) has minor influence. From here, we conclude that the conductivity switching of the insulator organic film is due to the injection of aluminum particles into the film during the first voltage cycle.

A New Unsymmetrical Diarylethene for Reversible Holographic Recording

2010 ◽  
Vol 156-157 ◽  
pp. 655-659 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pei Jian Yan ◽  
Zhi Peng Tong ◽  
Shou Zhi Pu ◽  
Wei Jun Liu
Keyword(s):  
High Spatial Resolution ◽  
Uv Light ◽  
Amorphous Film ◽  
Optical Recording ◽  
Holographic Recording ◽  
Pmma Film ◽  
Recording Medium ◽  
Fluorescent Properties ◽  
Fluorescence Switching ◽  
High Photosensitivity

A novel photochromic diarylethene, 1-(2-ethyl-benzothiophen-3-yl)-2-(2-methyl-5-(2-cyanophenyl)thien-3-yl)perfluorocyclopentene(1o) was synthesized, and its photochromic and fluorescent properties were investigated. This compound exhibited reversible photochromism, changing from colorless to purle after irradiation with UV light both in solution and in poly-methyl methacrylate (PMMA) amorphous film. Also, it exhibited remarkable fluorescence switching in the solid state. When we used diarylethene 1c/PMMA film as recording medium, rewritable holographic optical storage was performed successfully. The results demonstrated that the diarylethene compound had attractive properties for polarization holographic optical recording, such as high photosensitivity, high spatial resolution, excellent fatigue-resistance.

Research on Photochromic Compounds with Efficient Synthesis and Photochromic Properties of 1-(2-methyl-5-phenyl-3-thienyl)-2-[2-methyl-5-(4-pentylphenyl)-3-thienyl] perfluorocyclopentene

2014 ◽  
Vol 1003 ◽  
pp. 39-42
Author(s):  
Jun Jie Song ◽  
Gang Liu
Keyword(s):  
Fluorescence Intensity ◽  
Uv Light ◽  
Pmma Film ◽  
Efficient Synthesis ◽  
Photochromic Properties ◽  
Photochromic Compounds

A novel isomeric photochromic diarylethene, 1-(2-methyl-5-phenyl-3-thienyl)-2-[2-methyl-5-(4-pentylphenyl)-3-thienyl] perfluorocyclopentene, was designed and synthesized. Its fluorescent and photochromic properties were also studied in detail. The compound exhibited excellent photochromism, changing from colorless to bule after irradiation with UV light both in solution and in PMMA film. In addition, the fluorescence intensity of the photochromic diarylethene 1a declined remarkably, when irradiation with UV light.

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