scholarly journals Defective Osteogenic Differentiation in the Development of Osteosarcoma

Sarcoma ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric R. Wagner ◽  
Gaurav Luther ◽  
Gaohui Zhu ◽  
Qing Luo ◽  
Qiong Shi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Osteogenic Differentiation ◽  
Poor Prognosis ◽  
Bone Growth ◽  
Tumor Development ◽  
Terminal Differentiation ◽  
Growth Spurt ◽  
High Cell ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
High Cell Proliferation

Osteosarcoma (OS) is associated with poor prognosis due to its high incidence of metastasis and chemoresistance. It often arises in areas of rapid bone growth in long bones during the adolescent growth spurt. Although certain genetic conditions and alterations increase the risk of developing OS, the molecular pathogenesis is poorly understood. Recently, defects in differentiation have been linked to cancers, as they are associated with high cell proliferation. Treatments overcoming these defects enable terminal differentiation and subsequent tumor inhibition. OS development may be associated with defects in osteogenic differentiation. While early regulators of osteogenesis are unable to bypass these defects, late osteogenic regulators, including Runx2 and Osterix, are able to overcome some of the defects and inhibit tumor propagation through promoting osteogenic differentiation. Further understanding of the relationship between defects in osteogenic differentiation and tumor development holds tremendous potential in treating OS.

scholarly journals Expression of Spindle and Kinetochore-Associated Protein 1 Is Associated with Poor Prognosis in Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chao Dong ◽  
Xiao-li Wang ◽  
Bin-lin Ma
Keyword(s):  
Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma ◽  
Thyroid Carcinoma ◽  
Poor Prognosis ◽  
Clinical Stage ◽  
Tumor Development ◽  
Immunohistochemical Analysis ◽  
Papillary Thyroid ◽  
Spindle Microtubules ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
The Relationship

Aim. Spindle and kinetochore-associated protein 1 (SKA1) is one subtype of SKA, whose protein can make spindle microtubules attach steadily to the kinetochore in the middle of mitosis. At present, there are fewer researches on the relationship between SKA1 expression and tumor development.Methods. In this study, immunohistochemical analysis was used to determine the expression of SKA1 in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) and adjacent tissues. We used quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and Western blot analysis to further verify the results.Results. We found that SKA1 expression was significantly higher in PTC tissues than normal adjacent tissues(P<0.05). There existed a significant correlation among a higher SKA1 expression, including lymphoid node(P=0.005), clinical stage(P=0.015), and extrathyroid invasion(P=0.004). Survival analysis showed high SKA1 expression in PTC patients more likely to relapse after surgery.Conclusion. High SKA1 expression is predictive of poor prognosis of PTC, implying that SKA1 may be a promising new target for targeted therapies for PTC.

CASC15：A tumor-associated long non-coding RNA

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bei Wang ◽  
Wen Xu ◽  
Yuxuan Cai ◽  
Chong Guo ◽  
Gang Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Therapeutic Target ◽  
Cancer Colorectal ◽  
Tumor Development ◽  
Pathophysiological Mechanism ◽  
Biological Processes ◽  
Non Coding Rna ◽  
Cancer Côlon ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Long Non Coding Rna

Background: CASC15, one of long non-coding RNA, is involved in the regulation of many tumor biological processes, and is expected to become a new biological therapeutic target. This paper aims to elucidate the pathophysiological function of CASC15 in various tumors. Methods: The relationship between CASC15 and tumors was analyzed by searching references, and summarizes the specific pathophysiological mechanism of CASC15. Results: LncRNA CASC15 is closely related to tumor development, and has been shown to be abnormally high expressed in all kinds of tumors, including breast cancer, cervical cancer, lung cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma, gastric cancer, bladder cancer, colon cancer, colorectal cancer, cardiac hypertrophy, intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma, leukemia, melanoma, tongue squamous cell carcinoma, nasopharyngeal carcinoma. However, CASC15 has been found to be downexpressed abnormally in ovarian cancer, glioma and neuroblastoma. Besides, it is identified that CASC15 can affect the proliferation, invasion and apoptosis of tumors. Conclusion: LncRNA CASC15 has the potential to become a new therapeutic target or marker for a variety of tumors.

3D-QSAR and Docking Studies on Pyrimidine Derivatives as CSF-1R Inhibitors

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 341-355
Author(s):  
Ya-ting Deng ◽  
Jun-wei Wang ◽  
Han Chu ◽  
Juan Wang ◽  
Yong Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Poor Prognosis ◽  
3D Qsar ◽  
Docking Studies ◽  
Colony Stimulating Factor ◽  
Training Set ◽  
Pyrimidine Derivatives ◽  
Comfa Model ◽  
Inhibitory Activities ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Stimulating Factor

Background: Colony Stimulating Factor-1 Receptor (CSF-1R) is associated with malignancy, invasiveness and poor prognosis of tumors, and pyrimidine derivatives are considered as a novel class of CSF-1R inhibitor. Methods: To explore the relationship between the structures of substituted pyrimidine derivatives and their inhibitory activities against CSF-1R, CoMFA and CoMSIA analyses, and molecular docking studies were performed on a dataset of forty-four compounds. Results: We found in CoMFA model including steric and electrostatic fields for the training set, the cross-validated q2 value was 0.617 and the non-cross-validated r2 value was 0.983. While, the crossvalidated q2 value was 0.637 and the non-cross-validated r2 value was 0.984 in CoMSIA Model which include steric, electrostatic and hydrophobic fields. 3D equipotential maps generated from CoMFA and CoMSIA along with the docking binding structures provided enough information about the structural requirements for better activity. Conclusion: The data generated from the present study helped us to predict the activity of new inhibitors and further design some novel and potent CSF-1R inhibitors.

Board of Director Characteristics, Institutional Ownership, and Fraud: Evidence from Australia

2004 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vineeta D. Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Research Evidence ◽  
Institutional Ownership ◽  
Board Of Director ◽  
Composition And Structure ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
The Board Of Directors ◽  
Director Characteristics ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The U.S

Due to the high incidence of fraud in Australia, regulatory reports suggest strengthening the monitoring role of the board of directors (BOD). These reports recommend greater independence and no duality (chairperson of the BOD should not be the CEO) on the BOD. While there is no Australian evidence, research evidence in the U.S. supports these suggested reforms. It is not clear whether the research evidence observed in the U.S. will generalize to the Australian setting because of contextual differences. This study extends the U.S. findings to the Australian context and investigates the relationship between two attributes of the BOD, independence and duality, and fraud. In addition, I examine whether institutional ownership plays a role in the context of fraud. The more highly concentrated institutional ownership in Australia suggests the presence of some relationship. Using a matched sample of fraud and no-fraud firms from 1988–2000, I find that as the percentage of independent directors and the percentage of independent institutional ownership increases, the likelihood of fraud decreases. As expected, the results show a positive relationship between duality and the likelihood of fraud. These results support the call for strengthening the composition and structure of the BOD in Australia.

Ions release behavior of vanadium-doped mesoporous bioactive glass particles and effect on BMSCs osteogenic differentiation via FAK/MAPK signaling pathway

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiangfeng Li ◽  
Junying Li ◽  
Yuhao Wei ◽  
Na Xu ◽  
Jingtao Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Formation ◽  
Bioactive Glass ◽  
Osteogenic Differentiation ◽  
Bone Growth ◽  
Mapk Signaling ◽  
Release Behavior ◽  
Pentavalent Vanadium ◽  
Important Trace Element ◽  
Vanadium Ions ◽  
Mesoporous Bioactive Glass

Vanadium is an important trace element in bone to involve in bone metabolism, bone formation, and bone growth, but roles of various vanadium ions, especially pentavalent vanadium, in bone tissue...

scholarly journals Otitis Media and Obesity—An Unusual Relationship in Children

Healthcare ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 458
Author(s):  
Cristina Gavrilovici ◽  
Elena-Lia Spoială ◽  
Anca-Viorica Ivanov ◽  
Adriana Mocanu ◽  
Violeta Ștreangă ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Otitis Media ◽  
Tobacco Exposure ◽  
Taste Changes ◽  
Electronic Search ◽  
Obesity And Overweight ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
Ear Infections ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Published Research

Otitis media (OM) represents a public health matter, being the main cause of preventable hearing loss in pediatric patients. Besides well-established risk factors for developing OM, such as craniofacial abnormalities, prematurity, low birth weight, or tobacco exposure, there is evidence that obesity could be associated with a high incidence of OM. Our aim is to perform a literature review on the state of current published research on the relationship between OM and obesity and to discuss the interconnectivity between these two entities. We conducted an electronic search in PubMed and EMBASE databases. Out of 176 references, 15 articles were included in our study. Our findings suggest that obesity and overweight might be risk factors for developing OM, and vice versa. The main mechanisms for developing OM in obese patients include alteration in cytokine profile, increased gastroesophageal reflux, and/or fat accumulation. Conversely, ear infections exposure might increase the risk of obesity, mostly by taste changes through middle ear cavity inflammation.

scholarly journals ANCA-Associated Glomerulonephritis and Anti-Phospholipid Syndrome in a Patient with SARS-CoV-2 Infection: Just a Coincidence?

2021 ◽  
pp. 214-220
Author(s):  
Federica Maritati ◽  
Maria Ilaria Moretti ◽  
Valentina Nastasi ◽  
Roberta Mazzucchelli ◽  
Manrico Morroni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rapidly Progressive Glomerulonephritis ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody ◽  
Hemodynamic Instability ◽  
Tubular Necrosis ◽  
Complex Processes ◽  
Anca Associated Vasculitis ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
New Diagnosis ◽  
The Relationship

Many reports have described a high incidence of acute kidney injury (AKI) among patients with COVID-19. Acute tubular necrosis has been reported to be the most common damage in these patients, probably due to hemodynamic instability. However, other complex processes may be involved, related to the cytokine storm and the activation of innate and adaptive immunity. Here, we describe a patient who developed an antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis with rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis and lung involvement and an antiphospholipid syndrome soon after severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. After viral pneumonia was excluded by bronchoalveolar lavage, the patient has been treated with rituximab for amelioration of kidney function and resolution of thrombosis without any adverse event. We conclude that COVID-19 may trigger autoimmune diseases including ANCA-associated vasculitis. Thus, this diagnosis should be taken in consideration in COVID-19 patients, especially when they develop AKI with active urinary sediment. In addition, considering the relationship between these 2 diseases, SARS-CoV-2 infection should be excluded in all patients with a new diagnosis ANCA-associated vasculitis before starting immunosuppressive therapy.

scholarly journals The Biological Impact of the Human Master Regulator p53 Can Be Altered by Mutations That Change the Spectrum and Expression of Its Target Genes

2006 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 2297-2308 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Menendez ◽  
Alberto Inga ◽  
Michael A. Resnick
Keyword(s):  
Dna Binding ◽  
Target Genes ◽  
Tumor Development ◽  
Human Tumor ◽  
Human Cells ◽  
Binding Domain ◽  
Dna Binding Domain ◽  
Missense Mutations ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Biological Outcomes

ABSTRACT Human tumor suppressor p53 is a sequence-specific master regulatory transcription factor that targets response elements (REs) in many genes. p53 missense mutations in the DNA-binding domain are often cancer associated. As shown with systems based on the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, p53 mutants can alter the spectra and intensities of transactivation from individual REs. We address directly in human cells the relationship between changes in the p53 master regulatory network and biological outcomes. Expression of integrated, tightly regulated DNA-binding domain p53 mutants resulted in many patterns of apoptosis and survival following UV or ionizing radiation, or spontaneously. These patterns reflected changes in the spectra and activities of target genes, as demonstrated for P21, MDM2, BAX, and MSH2. Thus, as originally proposed for “master genes of diversity,” p53 mutations in human cells can differentially influence target gene transactivation, resulting in a variety of biological consequences which, in turn, might be expected to influence tumor development and therapeutic efficacy.

scholarly journals HLF is a Potential Prognostic Biomarker in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma Based on Bioinformatic Analysis and Experimental Validation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Fang ◽  
Di Wan ◽  
Jun Chen ◽  
Weiqun Ma ◽  
Zhen Luo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Cell Culture ◽  
Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Poor Prognosis ◽  
Prognostic Biomarker ◽  
Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract BackgroundHead and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is one of the most frequent cancers worldwide, with an increasing incidence. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms of HNSCC are poorly understood.MethodIn this work, 5 original datasets (GSE23558, GSE13601, GSE30784, GSE9844, GSE78060) of Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) were selected from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. To identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in HNSCC and adjacent tissues. The common DEGs were acquired by Venn diagram. The sensitivity and specificity of HLF were determined by Receiver operating characteristic curves (ROC). Then, In order to further confirm the relationship between HLF and HNSCC patient’s prognosis, the expression and survival analysis of HLF was performed by Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA), Cell culture, reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), western blotting and immunohistochemical staining.ResultsSeventeen DEGs were screened from five sets of HNSCC functional gene expression series in GEO datasets. The low expression of HLF was indicated might be correlated with poor prognosis of HNSCC patients based on the bioinformatics analysis. According to the results of Cell culture, RT-PCR, western blotting, immunohistochemical staining, it was confirmed that the low level of HLF expression correlated with poor prognosis of HNSCC patients.ConclusionThe study effectively revealed useful information about the relationship of the low level of HLF expression and HNSCC. In summary, we identified HLF as a potential prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target for HNSCC.

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