scholarly journals The Basic Cardiovascular Responses to Postural Changes, Exercise, and Cold Pressor Test: Do They Vary in Accordance with the Dual Constitutional Types of Ayurveda?

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Piyush Kumar Tripathi ◽  
Kishor Patwardhan ◽  
Girish Singh
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cold Pressor Test ◽  
Cold Pressor ◽  
Cardiovascular Responses ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Recent Past ◽  
Pressor Test ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Isotonic Exercise ◽  
Postural Changes

According to Ayurveda, the native Indian system of healthcare, threeDoshas, namely,Vata,Pitta, andKapha, are the basic mutually reciprocal mechanisms that are responsible for the maintenance of homeostasis in human beings. Ayurveda classifies entire human population into seven constitutional types(Prakriti), based on the dominance of any single or a combination of two or threeDoshas. Considering the fact that, in the recent past there have been several studies that have proposed some important genetic, biochemical and haematological bases forPrakriti, we conducted the present study in 90 randomly selected clinically healthy volunteers belonging to dual constitutional types (Dvandvaja Prakriti) to evaluate the variability of heart rate and arterial blood pressure in response to specific postural changes, exercise, and cold pressor test. The results of this study, in general, suggest that these basic cardiovascular responses do not vary significantly as per the dual constitutional types. However, we noted a significant fall in the diastolic blood pressure immediately after performing the isotonic exercise for five minutes, inVata-Kaphaindividuals in comparison to the other two groups, namely,Pitta-KaphaandVata-Pitta.

Gender differences in cardiovascular responses to the cold hand pressor test and facial cooling

1994 ◽  
Vol 72 (10) ◽  
pp. 1193-1199 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. D. Kilgour ◽  
J. Carvalho
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Systemic Vascular Resistance ◽  
Vascular Resistance ◽  
Cold Pressor Test ◽  
Cold Pressor ◽  
Cardiovascular Responses ◽  
Pressor Test ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Facial Cooling

To test the hypothesis that changes in systemic vascular resistance (SVR) contribute to the differences in arterial blood pressure responses between men and women to local cold pressor tests, nine normotensive men (25.9 ± 5.9 years old) and women (24.4 ± 5.9 years old) performed the cold hand pressor test (CPT; 6 min in 5 °C water) in the supine position. A subgroup of men (n = 5) and women (n = 5) from the CPT were exposed to 6 min of facial cooling (FC) by circulating cold water (5 °C) through a perfusion mask. Using standard auscultatory techniques, pre-experimental systolic and diastolic blood pressures were found to be significantly higher (p ≤ 0.05) in males than females. During the initial 2 min of CPT and FC, both males and females experienced similar relative increases in pressure. Thereafter, only the males maintained an elevated pressor response, whereas the females progressively declined. The gender-related trends in blood pressure can be explained by differences in SVR, with the males exhibiting significantly greater changes in SVR than females during min 4–6 in CPT. Heart rate increased (p ≤ 0.05) in both groups, with the greater rise occurring in females at each minute of CPT. Throughout FC, the changes in SVR were similar between groups, with the exception of the 6-min value being greater than baseline in men but not women. No differences in heart rate or cardiac output were observed between groups during FC. In general, the results indicate that men respond with greater and more prolonged peripheral adjustments (e.g., rise in SVR), whereas females are more like "cardiac" responders, with greater increases in heart rate and an attenuated blood pressure response to CPT.Key words: cold pressor test, facial cooling, gender, systemic vascular resistance, heart rate.

Effects of the cold pressor test on short-term fluctuations of finger arterial blood pressure and heart rate in normal subjects

1993 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
pp. 303-310 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank Weise ◽  
Dominique Laude ◽  
Arlette Girard ◽  
Philippe Zitoun ◽  
Jean-Philippe Siché ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Arterial Blood Pressure ◽  
Cold Pressor Test ◽  
Cold Pressor ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Pressor Test ◽  
Arterial Blood

scholarly journals Blunted cardiovascular responses to exercise in Parkinson’s disease patients: role of the muscle metaboreflex

2018 ◽  
Vol 120 (4) ◽  
pp. 1516-1524 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeann L. Sabino-Carvalho ◽  
André L. Teixeira ◽  
Milena Samora ◽  
Maurício Daher ◽  
Lauro C. Vianna
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Cold Pressor Test ◽  
Peripheral Resistance ◽  
Cold Pressor ◽  
Cardiovascular Responses ◽  
Group Differences ◽  
Muscle Metaboreflex ◽  
Pressor Test

Patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD) exhibit attenuated cardiovascular responses to exercise. The underlying mechanisms that are potentially contributing to these impairments are not fully understood. Therefore, we sought to test the hypothesis that patients with PD exhibit blunted cardiovascular responses to isolated muscle metaboreflex activation following exercise. For this, mean blood pressure, cardiac output, and total peripheral resistance were measured using finger photoplethysmography and the Modelflow method in 11 patients with PD [66 ± 2 yr; Hoehn and Yahr score: 2 ± 1 a.u.; time since diagnosis: 7 ± 1 yr; means ± SD) and 9 age-matched controls (66 ± 3 yr). Measurements were obtained at rest, during isometric handgrip exercise performed at 40% maximal voluntary contraction, and during postexercise ischemia. Also, a cold pressor test was assessed to confirm that blunted cardiovascular responses were specific to exercise and not representative of generalized sympathetic responsiveness. Changes in mean blood pressure were attenuated in patients with PD during handgrip (PD: ∆25 ± 2 mmHg vs. controls: ∆31 ± 3 mmHg; P < 0.05), and these group differences remained during postexercise ischemia (∆17 ± 1 mmHg vs. ∆26 ± 1 mmHg, respectively; P < 0.01). Additionally, changes in total peripheral resistance were attenuated during exercise and postexercise ischemia, indicating blunted reflex vasoconstriction in patients with PD. Responses to cold pressor test did not differ between groups, suggesting no group differences in generalized sympathetic responsiveness. Our results support the concept that attenuated cardiovascular responses to exercise observed in patients with PD are, at least in part, explained by an altered skeletal muscle metaboreflex. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD) presented blunted cardiovascular responses to exercise. We showed that cardiovascular response evoked by the metabolic component of the exercise pressor reflex is blunted in patients with PD. Furthermore, patients with PD presented similar pressor response during the cold pressor test compared with age-matched controls. Altogether, our results support the hypothesis that attenuated cardiovascular responses to exercise observed in patients with PD are mediate by an altered skeletal muscle metaboreflex.

Heat stress attenuates increases in arterial blood pressure during a cold pressor test (CPT)

2007 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian Cui ◽  
Manabu Shibasaki ◽  
David Low ◽  
David Keller ◽  
Scott Davis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heat Stress ◽  
Arterial Blood Pressure ◽  
Cold Pressor Test ◽  
Cold Pressor ◽  
Pressor Test ◽  
Arterial Blood

scholarly journals Stress-induced cardiovascular responses to cold pressortest in healthy young subjects

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 182-188
Author(s):  
Valeri Nikolov ◽  
Miroslava Petkova ◽  
Emil Nikolov
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cardiovascular Reactivity ◽  
Sleep Disturbances ◽  
Cold Pressor Test ◽  
Cold Pressor ◽  
Cardiovascular Responses ◽  
Aortic Pulse Wave Velocity ◽  
Applanation Tonometry ◽  
Pressor Test ◽  
Young Subjects

Hypertension is one of the leading diseases of the cardiovascular system. It is manifested by changes in arterial stiffness. Cardiovascular reactivity, especially blood pressure (BP), changes during the cold pressor test (CPT) depending on various factors. Undoubtedly, stress is one of the most important factors. The aim of this study is to investigate the various effects of CPT on cardiovascular responses in healthy young subjects. A total of 56 healthy individuals aged between 21 and 26 years were investigated. The cardiovascular responses (BP, heart rate and aortic pulse wave velocity) to CPT were recorded by using the applanation tonometry. The Medical Outcomes Study Sleep Scale and the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory were used. 32.14% (n = 18) of the individuals who showed differences in systolic BP more than 22 mm Hg and differences in diastolic BP more than 18 mm Hg after the CPT were defined as hyperreactors. Hyperreactors showed a significantly higher increase in sleep disturbances (p > 0.01) and anxiety when compared to normoreactors. The CPT used to diagnose cardiovascular reactivity in young individuals and the assessment of perceived stress can help identify candidates who are at risk of hypertonic disease in the future.   Keywords: Cold pressor test, cardiovascular reactivity, applanation tonometry, blood pressure, stress.

Cardiovascular responses to ice-cold showers

1964 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 1145-1150 ◽  
Author(s):  
William R. Keatinge ◽  
Malcolm B. McIlroy ◽  
Alan Goldfien
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cardiac Output ◽  
Cold Water ◽  
Cold Pressor Test ◽  
Cold Pressor ◽  
Cardiovascular Responses ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Plasma Norepinephrine ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Sympathetic Nervous

A shower of ice-cold water (0@#X2013;2.5 C) over the chest caused large increases in systolic and diastolic arterial pressures, pulse pressure, and pulse rate in normal subjects. Cardiac output rose by 59 and 100% in the two subjects in whom it was measured. The changes in pressure were considerably larger than those caused by a cold pressor test or by anxiety. The changes appear to be due to sympathetic nervous reflexes to the heart and blood vessels rather than release of adrenal catecholamines, as plasma epinephrine did not increase and plasma norepinephrine rose only by 0.32 @#X00B5;g/liter. Hyperventilation and evidence of peripheral venoconstriction occurred during the showers, but neither voluntary hyperventilation nor increased venous return from a change in posture produced the changes in blood pressure seen during shower arterial blood pressure; cardiac output; catecholamines; sympathetic nervous reflexes; hyperventilation; peripheral venoconstriction Submitted on March 10, 1964

scholarly journals Stress-induced cardiovascular responses to cold pressure test in healthy young subjects

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 70-80
Author(s):  
Valeri Nikolov ◽  
Miroslava Petkova ◽  
Emil Nikolov
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cardiovascular Reactivity ◽  
Sleep Disturbances ◽  
Cold Pressor Test ◽  
Cold Pressor ◽  
Cardiovascular Responses ◽  
Aortic Pulse Wave Velocity ◽  
Applanation Tonometry ◽  
Pressor Test ◽  
Young Subjects

Hypertension is one of the leading diseases of the cardiovascular system. It is manifested by changes in arterial stiffness. Cardiovascular reactivity, especially blood pressure (BP), changes during the cold pressor test (CPT) depending on various factors. Undoubtedly, stress is one of the most important factors. The aim of the study is to investigate the various effects of CPT on cardiovascular responses in healthy young subjects. 56 healthy individuals aged between 21 and 26 years have been investigated. The Cardiovascular responses (BP, heart rate, aortic pulse wave velocity) to CPT were recorded by using the applanation tonometry. The Medical Outcomes Study Sleep Scale and the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory were assessed. 32,14%(n=18) of individuals who had showed difference in systolic BP more than 22 mm of Hg and difference in diastolic BP more than 18 mm of Hg after the CPT were defined as hyperreactors. Hyperreactors showed a significantly higher increase in sleep disturbances (P > 0.01) and anxiety when compared to the normoreaktors. The CPT used to diagnose cardiovascular reactivity in young individuals and the assessment of perceived stress can help identify candidates for a future risk of hypertonic disease.   Keywords: Cold pressor test; cardiovascular reactivity; applanation tonometry; blood pressure; stress

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