scholarly journals Fabrication of Lateral Polysilicon Gap of Less than 50 nm Using Conventional Lithography

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Th. S. Dhahi ◽  
U. Hashim ◽  
M. E. Ali ◽  
N. M. Ahmed ◽  
T. Nazwa
Keyword(s):  
Oxidation Process ◽  
Electrical Characterization ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Double Layer Capacitance ◽  
Reduction Techniques ◽  
Cost Effective Method ◽  
Pattern Size ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Conventional Photolithography

We report a thermal oxidation process for the fabrication of nanogaps of less than 50 nm in dimension. Nanogaps of this dimension are necessary to eliminate contributions from double-layer capacitance in the dielectric detection of protein or nucleic acid. The method combines conventional photolithography and pattern-size reduction techniques. The gaps are fabricated on polysilicon-coated silicon substrate with gold electrodes. The dimensions of the structure are determined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). An electrical characterization of the structures by dielectric analyzer (DA) shows an improved conductivity as well as enhanced permittivity and capacity with the reduction of gap size, suggesting its potential applications in the detection of biomolecule with very low level of power supply. Two chrome Masks are used to complete the work: the first Mask is for the nanogap pattern and the second one is for the electrodes. An improved resolution of pattern size is obtained by controlling the oxidation time. The method expected to enable fabrication of nanogaps with a wide ranging designs and dimensions on different substrates. It is a simple and cost-effective method and does not require complicated nanolithography process for fabricating desired nanogaps in a reproducible fashion.

scholarly journals Biosynthesis and Potential Applications of Silver and Gold Nanoparticles and Their Chitosan-Based Nanocomposites in Nanomedicine

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haliza Katas ◽  
Noor Zianah Moden ◽  
Chei Sin Lim ◽  
Terence Celesistinus ◽  
Jie Yee Chan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gold Nanoparticles ◽  
Metallic Nanoparticles ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
One Pot ◽  
Silver And Gold Nanoparticles ◽  
Stabilizing Agents ◽  
Cost Effective Method ◽  
Multistep Process ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Biological Sources

Biosynthesized or biogenic metallic nanoparticles, particularly silver and gold nanoparticles (AgNPs and AuNPs, respectively), have been increasingly used because of their advantages, including high stability and loading capacity; moreover, these nanoparticles are synthesized using a green and cost-effective method. Previous studies have investigated reducing and/or stabilizing agents from various biological sources, including plants, microorganisms, and marine-derived products, using either a one-pot or a multistep process at different conditions. In addition, extensive studies have been performed to determine the biological or pharmacological effects of these nanoparticles, such as antimicrobial, antitumor, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant effects. In the recent years, chitosan, a natural cationic polysaccharide, has been increasingly investigated as a reducing and/or stabilizing agent in the synthesis of biogenic metallic nanoparticles with potential applications in nanomedicine. Here, we have reviewed the mechanism of biosynthesis and potential applications of AgNPs and AuNPs and their chitosan-mediated nanocomposites in nanomedicine.

scholarly journals Experimental Characterization of Inkjet-Printed Stretchable Circuits for Wearable Sensor Applications

Sensors ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (10) ◽  
pp. 3476 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jumana Abu-Khalaf ◽  
Razan Saraireh ◽  
Saleh Eisa ◽  
Ala’aldeen Al-Halhouli
Keyword(s):  
Wearable Sensors ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Experimental Characterization ◽  
Wearable Sensor ◽  
Successful Development ◽  
Sensor Applications ◽  
Cost Effective Method ◽  
Stretchable Circuits ◽  
Nanoparticle Ink

This paper introduces a cost-effective method for the fabrication of stretchable circuits on polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) using inkjet printing of silver nanoparticle ink. The fabrication method, presented here, allows for the development of fully stretchable and wearable sensors. Inkjet-printed sinusoidal and horseshoe patterns are experimentally characterized in terms of the effect of their geometry on stretchability, while maintaining adequate electrical conductivity. The optimal fabricated circuit, with a horseshoe pattern at an angle of 45°, is capable of undergoing an axial stretch up to a strain of 25% with a resistance under 800 Ω. The conductivity of the circuit is fully reversible once it is returned to its pre-stretching state. The circuit could also undergo up to 3000 stretching cycles without exhibiting a significant change in its conductivity. In addition, the successful development of a novel inkjet-printed fully stretchable and wearable version of the conventional pulse oximeter is demonstrated. Finally, the resulting sensor is evaluated in comparison to its commercially available counterpart.

A cost-effective method for purification and characterization of human urinary albumin

2019 ◽  
Vol 1114-1115 ◽  
pp. 31-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shamkant B. Badgujar ◽  
Bhupesh C. Mali ◽  
Babasaheb Tandale ◽  
Siddharth B. Daftary ◽  
Sanjeev Lala ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effective ◽  
Urinary Albumin ◽  
Purification And Characterization ◽  
Cost Effective Method

Investigation on the Structural Changes of Cupric Oxide (CuO) Nanostructures by Thermal Oxidation Process

2013 ◽  
Vol 832 ◽  
pp. 471-477 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohd Zainizan Sahdan ◽  
Nor Diana Mohd Ariffin ◽  
Nurulnadia Sarip ◽  
Siti Nooraya Mohd Tawil
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Oxidation ◽  
Gas Flow ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Oxidation Process ◽  
Cupric Oxide ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Cost Effective Method ◽  
Cuo Nanorods ◽  
Thermal Oxidation Process

A simple and cost effective method using a thermal oxidation process for synthesizing cupric oxide (CuO) nanostructures is demonstrated in this paper. Using elevated temperatures ranging from 100°C to 400°C, the optimum formation of CuO composition indicated by an X-ray diffraction (XRD) was obtained at 400°C. Then, the effects of gas flow rates (ranging from 1 to 10 kPa) on the formation of CuO nanorods were investigated using a field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM). It was found that at higher gas flow rate, the formation of CuO nanorods was obviously observed. The current-voltage (I-V) characteristic obtained from an I-V measurement system shows that diode characteristic has been formed with threshold voltage (Vth) of 0.9 V and breakdown voltage (VB) of-5 V. The mechanism of structural changes will be discussed in details.

scholarly journals Novel fabrication of soft microactuators with morphological computing using soft lithography

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Manav Tyagi ◽  
Jingle Pan ◽  
Edwin W. H. Jager
Keyword(s):  
Conducting Polymers ◽  
Soft Lithography ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Fabrication Process ◽  
Morphological Pattern ◽  
Geometrical Pattern ◽  
Cost Effective Method ◽  
Conventional Photolithography ◽  
Morphological Computation ◽  
Soft Polymer

Abstract A simple and cost-effective method for the patterning and fabrication of soft polymer microactuators integrated with morphological computation is presented. The microactuators combine conducting polymers to provide the actuation, with spatially designed structures for a morphologically controlled, user-defined actuation. Soft lithography is employed to pattern and fabricate polydimethylsiloxane layers with geometrical pattern, for use as a construction element in the microactuators. These microactuators could obtain multiple bending motions from a single fabrication process depending on the morphological pattern defined in the final step. Instead of fabricating via conventional photolithography route, which involves multiple steps with different chromium photomasks, this new method uses only one single design template to produce geometrically patterned layers, which are then specifically cut to obtain multiple device designs. The desired design of the actuator is decided in the final step of fabrication. The resulting microactuators generate motions such as a spiral, screw, and tube, using a single design template.

scholarly journals Copper β-trinitrocorrolates

2013 ◽  
Vol 17 (06n07) ◽  
pp. 440-446 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manuela Stefanelli ◽  
Sara Nardis ◽  
Frank R. Fronczek ◽  
Kevin M. Smith ◽  
Roberto Paolesse
Keyword(s):  
Main Product ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Crystallographic Analysis ◽  
Free Base ◽  
Substitution Reactions ◽  
Huge Number ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Cost Effective Method ◽  
Fold Excess

The β-nitration reaction carried out on the corrole macrocycle has been shown to be extremely regioselective, although the reduced symmetry of the macrocycle could potentially lead to a huge number of possible regioisomers. We recently reported that the careful use of AgNO 2/ NaNO 2 as a nitrating system enabled the achievement in good yields of mono- and dinitro-derivatives on both corrole free base and its copper complex, proving to be an efficient and cost-effective method. In this work, we present a detailed study of the scope of this method using TtBuCorrH 3 as a model corrole. A further increase of the oxidant pushes the nitration up to the functionalization of three β-pyrrolic positions, although concomitant decomposition of the macrocycle is also observed. The application of the proven nitration method with a five-fold excess of both silver and sodium nitrites with respect to corrole, afforded the 2,3,17-( NO 2)3- TtBuPCorrCu as the main product, in 25% yield, together with traces of another compound identified by X-ray crystallographic analysis as the 3,8,17-( NO 2)3- TtBuPCorrCu isomer. In light of these recent results, we also reinvestigated the characterization of the nitration products obtained from bis-substitution reactions, allowing among others the identification of the copper 3,8-( NO 2)2 corrolate.

scholarly journals Fabrication And Characterization of Biomagnetic Composite Material

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 1233-1237
Author(s):  
Yekbun Avşar Teymur ◽  
Fuat Güzel ◽  
Gülbahar Akkaya Sayğılı
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Material ◽  
Composite Material ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Precipitation Method ◽  
Cost Effective Method ◽  
Tomato Processing ◽  
Nanoparticles Characterization ◽  
Co Precipitation

In this study, the synthesis and characterization of a biomagnetic composite material was achieved by a simple and cost effective method. Tomato processing waste was successfully converted into a magnetic material via embedding Fe3O4 nanoparticles to its structure. Due to its low cost and ease of application, co-precipitation method was used for loading the magnetite nanoparticles. Characterization studies were carried out with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy and vibrating sample magnetometer spectroscopy and the outcomes of the analyses of non-magnetic and magnetic material were compared.

HOTPLATE TECHNIQUE FOR NANOMATERIALS

COSMOS ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 04 (02) ◽  
pp. 235-255 ◽  
Author(s):  
YANWU ZHU ◽  
CHORNG HAUR SOW
Keyword(s):  
Gas Sensors ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Optical Devices ◽  
Li Ion Batteries ◽  
Ultrafast Optical ◽  
Cost Effective Method ◽  
Material Systems ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Direct Preparation ◽  
Li Ion

As an efficient and cost-effective method to synthesize nanomaterials, the hotplate technique has been reviewed in this article. Systematic studies have been carried out on the characterizations of the materials synthesized. In addition to the direct preparation of nanomaterials on metals, this method has been extended to the substrate-friendly and plasma-assisted hotplate synthesis. Apart from chemically pure nanostructures, a few nanohybrids were synthesized, further demonstrating the flexibility of this technique. The investigations on their applications indicate that they are promising material systems with potential applications in field emission devices, gas sensors, Li -ion batteries and ultrafast optical devices.

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