scholarly journals Effect of ω-3 Fatty Acid on Gastrointestinal Motility after Abdominal Operation in Rats

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qun Zhang ◽  
Jian-Chun Yu ◽  
Wei-Ming Kang ◽  
Guang-Jin Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Normal Saline ◽  
Acid Group ◽  
Saline Group ◽  
Normal Saline Group ◽  
Fatty Acid Group ◽  
Gastric Emptying Rate ◽  
Abdominal Operation ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Group Serum

Objective. To investigate whether ω-3 fatty acid could stimulate gastrointestinal motility after abdominal operation.Method. Wistar rats were randomly divided into 3 group (normal saline group, intralipid group, and ω-3 fatty acid group,n=18/group) after partial caecectomy and gastrostomosis, each group was divided into 3 groups (POD1, POD3, and POD6,n=6/group). Serum gastrin (GAS), motilin (MTL), interleukin-1 (IL-1), interleukin-6 (IL-6), tissue necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), gastric emptying rate, and small bowel propulsion rate were measured.Results. On POD 3, gastric emptying rate and small bowel propulsion rate in ω-3 fatty acid group were higher than those in normal saline group and intralipid group. Serum GAS and MTL levels in ω-3 fatty acid group were higher than those in normal saline group, but serum IL-1, IL-6, TNF-α, and COX-2 levels were lower than those in normal saline group and intralipid group.Conclusion. ω-3 fatty acid could accelerate the recovery of gastrointestinal mobility after abdominal operation in rats, mainly by relieving postoperative inflammation.

scholarly journals Effect of tranexamic acid on ischemia － reperfusion injury caused by application of tourniquet in the surgery of total knee arthroplasty

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (9_suppl7) ◽  
pp. 2325967120S0053
Author(s):  
Luo Xiaofei ◽  
Wie Xuan ◽  
Wang Jinliang
Keyword(s):  
Tranexamic Acid ◽  
Knee Arthroplasty ◽  
Normal Saline ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion Injury ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion ◽  
Acid Group ◽  
Saline Group ◽  
Normal Saline Group ◽  
Drainage Fluid ◽  
Tnf Α

Introduction: Tranexamic acid can effectively reduce the amount of perioperative bleeding in artificial joint replacement surgery, but some reports showing that the application of tranexamic acid in cardiac surgery can reduce the ischemia-reperfusion injury. Does tranexamic acid reduce the tourniquet Ischemia-reperfusion injury in the surgery of toutal knee arthroplasty is unclear. Hypotheses: To observe the effect of intravenous combined local tranexamic acid on the expression of IL-6 and TNF-α in peripheral blood and drainage fluid of patients with tourniquet in primary total knee arthroplasty Methods: Sixty patients with knee osteoarthritis were selected from 2017-07 to 2018-06 to proceed primary knee arthroplasty in our hospital. The random digital table was used to divide them into tranexamic acid group and normal saline group, with 30 cases in each group. In the tranexamic acid group, tranexamic acid 1g in 100ml normal saline was infused intraoperatively and at 3 h after operation. After incision, the infusion of tranexamic acid 1g in 100ml normal saline was performed. The saline group only 100 ml of physiological saline was infused during the same period of time, and 100 ml of physiological saline was locally perfused. The operation time, intraoperative blood loss, and drainage volume at 24 hours after operation were compared. The levels of IL-6 and TNF-α in the drainage fluid before and after surgery were compared between the two groups. Results: The drainage volume of tranexamic acid group was lower than that of normal saline group (P < 0.05). The levels of IL-6 and TNF-α in serum were lower than those in normal saline group at 24h and 72h after operation. The difference was statistically significant. (P < 0.05); the expression of IL-6 and TNF-α in the drainage fluid was significantly lower than that in the saline group at 24 hours after surgery (P < 0.05) Conclusion: Combined use of tranexamic acid can effectively reduce the expression of IL-6 and TNF-α in local drainage fluid and peripheral serum after TKA in patients with TKA, thus reducing the local and systemic inflammatory response.

The Effect of Prophylactic Ephedrine on Systemic Hypotension Caused by Induction of Anaesthesia with Propofol and Sufentanil in Elderly Hypertensive Patients: A Prospective Randomized, Double-blind Placebo-controlled Clinical Trial

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
General Anesthesia ◽  
Normal Saline ◽  
Saline Group ◽  
Normal Saline Group ◽  
Hypertensive Patients ◽  
Group A ◽  
Elderly Hypertensive ◽  
Elderly Hypertensive Patients ◽  
Group B

Objective: To study the effectiveness of prophylactic ephedrine to prevent hypotension caused by induction of anesthesia with propofol and sufentanil in elderly hypertensive patients. Methodology: 70 elderly ASA grade II-III hypertensive patients undergoing elective general anesthesia were randomized into two groups to receive either intravenous ephedrine,100 ug/kg in 5ml normal saline (Group B), or an equal volume of normal saline (Group A) before induction. Systolic Blood Pressure (SBP), Diastolic Blood Pressure (DBP) and Heart Rate (HR) were recorded at T0 (after entry to the operating room), T1 (1 min after induction), T2 (2 min after induction), T3 ( 3 min after induction), T4 (4 min after induction), T5 (when intubated), T6 (2 min after intubation), and T7 (at the start of the procedure), as well as the incidence of hypotension and bradycardia. Results: SBP, DBP and HR were not significantly different at T0 and were significantly different at T1 to T7 after anesthesia induction. There were statistically significant effect on hypotension and bradycardia between the two groups and group B have a lower risk of hypotension and bradycardia relative to group A. SBP and DBP decreased significantly after induction in both groups. HR decreased significantly in group A while increased in group B. Conclusion: Ephedrine pretreatment can minimize hypotension and bradycardia caused by propofol and sufentanil during the induction of general anesthesia in elderly patients with hypertension.

scholarly journals Effect of 2% Lignocaine Solution in Pain During Removal of Nasal Pack

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 80-83
Author(s):  
Ashish Dhakal ◽  
Bikash Lal Shrestha ◽  
Monika Pokharel
Keyword(s):  
Normal Saline ◽  
Saline Group ◽  
Nasal Packing ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Left Nostril ◽  
Normal Saline Group ◽  
Nasal Pack ◽  
Control Side ◽  
Group 5

Background: Nasal packing is commonly done after septal surgeries. Nonabsorbable nasal pack is used to minimize bleeding from surgery site, support the mucoperichondrial flaps, and minimize the risk of formation of septal hematomas and adhesions. However, these materials cause pain and discomfort in-situ as well as during removal. This study was done to evaluate the effect of 2% lignocaine rehydration of nasal pack on pain during pack removal. Methods: This prospective study was conducted on 60 patients who had undergone septoplasty. The patients were divided into 2 groups: Lignocaine and Normal saline group, with 30 patients each. In the Lignocaine group, 2.5 ml of 2% of lignocaine was diluted with 2.5 ml of distilled water and was injected into the nasal pack; and in Normal saline group, 5 ml of normal saline was injected into the nasal pack. Nothing was injected to the left nostril, which acted as a control, in both groups. All patients were asked severity of pain during removal of nasal packing by VAS. Results: In lignocaine group, mean pain score was 3.73 ± 1.63 on lignocaine side and 6.23 ± 1.69 on control side (U=109.5, p<0.001). In Normal saline group, it was 6.5 ± 1.7 on normal saline side and 6.23 ± 1.96 on control side (U=425.5, p=0.711). On comparing VAS between lignocaine and normal saline group, pain was significantly lower in the lignocaine group (U=112.5, p<0.001) Conclusion: Rehydrating nasal pack with 2% topical lignocaine is a useful method to reduce pain during nasal pack removal.

scholarly journals Effects of prophylactic ketamine and pethidine to control postanesthetic shivering: A comparative study

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (12) ◽  
pp. 2898-2903 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masoum Khoshfetrat ◽  
Ali Rosom Jalali ◽  
Gholamreza Komeili ◽  
Aliakbar Keykha
Keyword(s):  
Normal Saline ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Saline Group ◽  
Normal Saline Group ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Postanesthetic Shivering ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
One Way Anova

Background: Shivering is an undesirable complication following general anesthesia and spinal anesthesia, whose early control can reduce postoperative metabolic and respiratory complications. Therefore, this study aims to compare the effects of prophylactic injection of ketamine and pethidine on postoperative shivering. Methods: This double-blind clinical trial was performed on 105 patients with short-term orthopedic and ENT surgery. The patients were randomly divided into three groups; 20 minutes before the end of the surgery, 0.4 mg/kg of pethidine was injected to the first group, 0.5 mg/kg of ketamine was injected to the second group, and normal saline was injected to the third group. After the surgery, the tympanic membrane temperature was measured at 0, 10, 20, and 30 minutes. The shivering was also measured by a four-point grading from zero (no shivering) to four (severe shivering). Data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA, Kruskal Wallis, Chi-square and Pearson correlation. Results: The mean age of patients was 35.8+/-11.45 years in the ketamine group, 34.8+/-11.64 years in the normal saline group, and 33.11+/-10.5 years in the pethidine group. The one-way ANOVA showed no significant difference in the mean age between the three groups (P=0.645). The incidence and intensity of shivering were significantly higher in the normal saline group than in the ketamine and pethidine groups (p=0.001). However, there was no significant difference in the incidence and the intensity of shivering between the ketamine and the pethidine groups (p=0.936). Conclusion: The results showed that the 0.5 mg/kg of ketamine could control the post-anesthetic shivering.  

scholarly journals Relationships of fatty acid group contents in milk and reproductiveperformance in Holstein cows

2015 ◽  
Vol 39 ◽  
pp. 357-363
Author(s):  
Jaromír DUCHÁČEK ◽  
Jan BERAN ◽  
Martin PTÁČEK ◽  
Luděk STÁDNÍK ◽  
Monika OKROUHLÁ ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Group ◽  
Holstein Cows ◽  
Fatty Acid Group

scholarly journals Comparison of Ketamine, Fentanyl and Clonidine as an Adjuvant During Bupivacaine Caudal Anaesthesia in Paediatric Patients

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 25-29
Author(s):  
Jeevan Singh ◽  
RS Shah ◽  
N Vaidya ◽  
PK Mahato ◽  
S Shrestha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Normal Saline ◽  
Saline Group ◽  
Single Shot ◽  
Normal Saline Group ◽  
Post Operative Pain ◽  
Caudal Anaesthesia ◽  
Caudal Analgesia ◽  
Lower Pain ◽  
Group B

Background Caudal epidural analgesia with bupivacaine is very popular in paediatric anaesthesia for providing intra- and postoperative analgesia. Several adjuvants have been used to prolong the action of bupivacaine. Objectives To compare the efficacy of ketamine, fentanyl and clonidine in terms of quality and duration of analgesia they produce when added with caudal bupivacaine by single shot technique in children. Methods Eighty children, age one to ten years, undergoing sub-umbilical surgery, were prospectively randomized to one of four groups: caudal analgesia with 0.75 ml/kg of 0.25% bupivacaine in normal saline (Group B) or caudal analgesia with 0.75 ml/kg of 0.25% bupivacaine with 1 μg/kg of clonidine in normal saline (Group BC) or caudal analgesia with 0.75ml/kg of 0.25% bupivacaine with ketamine 0.5mg/kg (Group BK) or caudal analgesia with 0.75ml/kg of 0.25% bupivacaine with fentanyl 1mcg/kg (Group BF). Post-operative pain was assessed for 24 hours using the FLACC scale. Results The mean duration of analgesia was significantly longer in Group BC (629.06 ± 286.32 min) than other three groups P < 0.05. The pain score assessed using FLACC scale was compared between the four groups, and children in Group BC had lower pain scores, which was statistically significant. The requirement of rescue medicine was lesser in Group BC. Clonidine in a dose of 1 μg/kg added to 0.25% bupivacaine for caudal analgesia, during sub-umbilical surgeries, prolongs the duration of analgesia of bupivacaine, without any side effects in compare to fentanyl or ketamine. Conclusion We conclude that clonidine in a dose of 1 μg/kg, added to 0.25% bupivacaine for caudal analgesia and administered as a 0.75 ml/kg mixture in children, for sub-umbilical surgery, significantly prolongs the duration of post-operative analgesia when compared to 0.75 ml/kg of 0.25% bupivacaine in normal saline than 0.75 ml/kg of 0.25% bupivacaine with ketamine 0.5 mg/kg or 0.75 ml/kg of 0.25% bupivacaine with fentanyl 1 mcg/kg or 0.75 ml/kg of 0.25% bupivacaine alone, without any side effects. Kathmandu University Medical Journal | VOL.10 | NO. 3 | ISSUE 39 | JUL- SEP 2012 | Page 25-29 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/kumj.v10i3.8013

scholarly journals Effect of Non-Anticoagulant N-Desulfated Heparin on Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor Expression, Angiogenesis, and Metastasis of Gastric Carcinoma In Vitro and In Vivo

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin-Lian Chen ◽  
Jing Fan ◽  
Ming-Xiang Chen ◽  
Ying Dong ◽  
Jian-Zhong Gu
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Gastric Carcinoma ◽  
Normal Saline ◽  
Saline Group ◽  
Fibroblast Growth ◽  
Normal Saline Group ◽  
Heparin Group

Objective. The present study was performed to investigate the effect of N-desulfated heparin on basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) expression, tumor angiogenesis and metastasis of gastric carcinoma.Methods. Human gastric cancer SGC-7901 tissues were orthotopically implanted into the stomach of NOD SCID mice. Twenty mice were randomly divided into two groups which received either intravenous injection of 0.9% NaCl solution (normal saline group) or 10 mg/kg N-desulfated heparin (N-desulfated heparin group) twice weekly for three weeks. In vitro, human gastric carcinoma SGC-7901 cells were treated with N-desulfated heparin in different concentration (0.1 mg/mL, 1 mg/mL, N-desulfated heparin group), and treated with medium (control group).Results. In vivo, the tumor metastasis rates were 9/10 in normal saline group and 2/10 in N-desulfated heparin group (P<0.05). The intratumoral microvessel density was higher in normal saline group than in N-desulfated heparin group (P<0.05). bFGF expression in gastric tissue was inhibited by N-desulfated heparin (P<0.05). There was no bleeding in N-desulfated heparin group. In vitro, N-desulfated heparin inhibited significantly bFGF protein and mRNA expression of gastric carcinoma cells (P<0.05).Conclusions. N-desulfated heparin can inhibit the metastasis of gastric cancer through inhibiting tumor bFGF expression and tumor angiogenesis with no obvious anticoagulant activity.

scholarly journals Intraperitoneal Hydrocortisone plus Bupivacaine versus Bupivacaine alone for Pain Relief after Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahesh Sharma ◽  
Kalpana Kharbuja ◽  
Nil Raj Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy ◽  
Pain Relief ◽  
Normal Saline ◽  
Randomized Study ◽  
Saline Group ◽  
Normal Saline Group ◽  
Analgesic Requirement ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Introduction: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy has been the gold standard in the treatment of gallstones since last decades. Beside several benefits of laparoscopic cholecystectomy compared with open surgery, postoperative pain is still a frequent melancholy.  Hence, pain management is utmost regarding patients' comfort. The main objective of the study was to compare the effect of intraperitoneal hydrocortisone plus bupivacaine with bupivacaine alone on pain relief following laparoscopic cholecystectomy.   Methods: A randomized study was conducted from December 2015 to August 2015 that included 100 patients aged 20 to 60 years of both genders who were found to have symptomatic gallstones and were scheduled for elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy at Lumbini Medical College. Patients randomly received 100 mg hydrocortisone plus 100 mg bupivacaine in 200 ml normal saline (group A) or 100 mg bupivacaine in 200 ml normal saline (group B) into the peritoneum. Post-operative abdominal and shoulder pain were evaluated using Visual Analog Score (VAS). The patients were also followed up for postoperative analgesic requirements, and recovery variables. Data were collected, tabulated and analyzed statistically using SPSS version 19.   Results: Total number of patients in this study were 100. Age and gender among both groups were comparable. VAS scores for pain was significantly lower for group A as compared to group B at 0, 2, 4, 6, 12, and 24 hours. Time of oral intake in hrs for liquids and solids was statistically significant in Group A compared to Group B. Rescue analgesic requirement was also significantly low in Group A compared to Group B. Hospital stay in both group were comparable.   Conclusion: Combination of hydrocortisone plus bupivacaine can relieve pain after laparoscopic cholecystectomy better compared to bupivacaine alone when administered intraperitoneally.

scholarly journals Study on antihyperglycemic effect of bromocriptine in dexamethasone induced hyperglycemic wistar rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 699
Author(s):  
Rekha M. B. ◽  
Basavaraj Bhandare ◽  
Satyanarayana V. ◽  
Hemamalini M. B.
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Normal Saline ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Saline Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Normal Saline Group ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Group B ◽  
Control Group Group

Background: Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder that develops due to insulin deficiency or insulin resistance. Recent animal and human studies have reported bromocriptine to be effective in the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus. The present study was done to evaluate the antihyperglycemic effect of bromocriptine in dexamethasone induced hyperglycemic rats.Methods: Male wistar rats were used and divided into 5 groups. Dexamethosone was used to induce hyperglycemia in group B-E. Group A was the untreated control group, group B was the standard control group, group C was the oral 10 mg/kg of bromocriptine dissolved in 0.9% normal saline, group D was the oral 20 mg/kg metformin dissolved in 0.9% normal saline, group E was the oral 10 mg/kg bromocriptine+20 mg/kg metformin dissolved in 0.9% normal saline. Fasting blood glucose, post prandial blood glucose and body weight was estimated on day 1, 15, 30.Results: It was seen that dexamethasone induced hyperglycemia and increase in body weight in male wistar rats, which were significantly controlled by oral bromocriptine and bromocriptine with metformin combination.Conclusions: Results obtained from this study showed that bromocriptine can be a promising drug with novel mechanism to treat type 2 diabetes mellitus.

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