scholarly journals The PCA and LDA Analysis on the Differential Expression of Proteins in Breast Cancer

2010 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 231-242 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seng Liang ◽  
Manjit Singh ◽  
Saravanan Dharmaraj ◽  
Lay-Harn Gam
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Ductal Carcinoma ◽  
Protein Profile ◽  
Normal Breast ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Proteomic Approach ◽  
Profile Changes ◽  
Isoform B ◽  
Breast Tissues

Breast cancer is a leading cause of mortality in women. In Malaysia, it is the most common cancer to affect women. The most common form of breast cancer is infiltrating ductal carcinoma (IDC). A proteomic approach was undertaken to identify protein profile changes between cancerous and normal breast tissues from 18 patients. Two protein extracts; aqueous soluble and membrane associated protein extracts were studied. Thirty four differentially expressed proteins were identified. The intensities of the proteins were used as variables in PCA and reduced data of six principal components (PC) were subjected to LDA in order to evaluate the potential of these proteins as collective biomarkers for breast cancer. The protein intensities of SEC13-like 1 (isoform b) and calreticulin contributed the most to the first PC while the protein intensities of fibrinogen beta chain precursor and ATP synthase D chain contributed the most to the second PC. Transthyretin precursor and apolipoprotein A-1 precursor contributed the most to the third PC. The results of LDA indicated good classification of samples into normal and cancerous types when the first 6 PCs were used as the variables. The percentage of correct classification was 91.7% for the originally grouped tissue samples and 88.9% for cross-validated samples.

scholarly journals The Differential Expression of Aqueous Soluble Proteins in Breast Normal and Cancerous Tissues in Relation to Ethnicity of the Patients; Chinese, Malay and Indian

2010 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 149-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seng Liang ◽  
Manjit Singh ◽  
Lay-Harn Gam
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Ductal Carcinoma ◽  
Protein Profile ◽  
Female Breast Cancer ◽  
Female Mortality ◽  
Normal Tissues ◽  
Infiltrating Ductal Carcinoma ◽  
Female Breast ◽  
Proteomic Approach ◽  
Breast Tissues

Female breast cancer is one of the leading causes of female mortality worldwide. In Malaysia, breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer in women. Of the women in Malaysia, the Chinese have the highest number of breast cancer cases, followed by the Indian and the Malay. The most common type of breast cancer is infiltrating ductal carcinoma (IDC). A proteomic approach was applied in this study to identify changes in the protein profile of cancerous tissues compared with normal tissues from 18 patients; 8 Chinese, 6 Malay and 4 Indian were analysed. Twenty-four differentially expressed hydrophilic proteins were identified. We evaluated the potential of these proteins as biomarkers for infiltrating ductal carcinoma based on their ethnic-specific expressions. Three of the upregulated proteins, calreticulin, 14-3-3 protein zeta and 14-3-3 protein eta, were found to be expressed at a significantly higher level in the cancerous breast tissues when compared with the normal tissues in cases of infiltrating ductal carcinoma. The upregulation in expression was particularly dominant in the Malay cohort.

scholarly journals The Differential Expression of Aqueous Soluble Proteins in Breast Normal and Cancerous Tissues in Relation to Stage and Grade of Patients

2010 ◽  
Vol 2010 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seng Liang ◽  
Manjit Singh ◽  
Lay-Harn Gam
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Differential Expression ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Ductal Carcinoma ◽  
Protein Profile ◽  
Tumour Stage ◽  
Normal Tissues ◽  
Infiltrating Ductal Carcinoma ◽  
Proteomic Approach ◽  
Isoform B

Breast cancer is a leading cause of female deaths worldwide. In Malaysia, it is the most common form of female cancer while Infiltrating ductal carcinoma (IDC) is the most common form of breast cancer. A proteomic approach was used to identify changes in the protein profile of breast cancerous and normal tissues. The patients were divided into different cohorts according to tumour stage and grade. We identified twenty-four differentially expressed hydrophilic proteins. A few proteins were found significantly related to various stages and grades of IDC, amongst which were SEC13-like 1 (isoform b), calreticulin, 14-3-3 protein zeta, and 14-3-3 protein eta. In this study, we found that by defining the expression of the proteins according to stages and grades of IDC, a significant relationship between the expression of the proteins with the stage or grade of IDC can be established, which increases the usefulness of these proteins as biomarkers for IDC.

scholarly journals Promoter Hypermethylation and Suppression of Glutathione Peroxidase 3 Are Associated with Inflammatory Breast Carcinogenesis

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mona M. Mohamed ◽  
Salwa Sabet ◽  
Dun-Fa Peng ◽  
M. Akram Nouh ◽  
Mohamed El-Shinawi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Glutathione Peroxidase ◽  
Cancer Progression ◽  
Epigenetic Regulation ◽  
Ductal Carcinoma ◽  
Methylation Status ◽  
Promoter Hypermethylation ◽  
Normal Breast ◽  
Glutathione Peroxidase 3 ◽  
Breast Tissues

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play a crucial role in breast cancer initiation, promotion, and progression. Inhibition of antioxidant enzymes that remove ROS was found to accelerate cancer growth. Studies showed that inhibition of glutathione peroxidase-3 (GPX3) was associated with cancer progression. Although the role of GPX3 has been studied in different cancer types, its role in breast cancer and its epigenetic regulation have not yet been investigated. The aim of the present study was to investigate GPX3 expression and epigenetic regulation in carcinoma tissues of breast cancer patients’ in comparison to normal breast tissues. Furthermore, we compared GPX3 level of expression and methylation status in aggressive phenotype inflammatory breast cancer (IBC) versus non-IBC invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC). We found that GPX3 mRNA and protein expression levels were downregulated in the carcinoma tissues of IBC compared to non-IBC. However, we did not detect significant correlation between GPX3 and patients’ clinical-pathological prosperities. Promoter hypermethylation of GPX3 gene was detected in carcinoma tissues not normal breast tissues. In addition, IBC carcinoma tissues showed a significant increase in the promoter hypermethylation of GPX3 gene compared to non-IBC. Our results propose that downregulation of GPX3 in IBC may play a role in the disease progression.

scholarly journals Oct4 Is Not a Crucial Factor in Breast Invasive Ductal Carcinoma in Contrast to Recent Beliefs

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ata Abbasi ◽  
Farahnaz Noroozinia ◽  
Sonia Hosseinzadeh ◽  
Mohammad Amin Abbasi ◽  
Samira Anvar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Invasive Ductal Carcinoma ◽  
Ductal Carcinoma ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Normal Breast ◽  
Luminal A ◽  
Her2 Positive ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Luminal B ◽  
Oct4 Expression

We aimed to determine the frequency of Octamer binding transcription factor 4 (Oct4) expression in human invasive ductal carcinoma. 72 paraffin-embedded samples of breast cancer were enrolled. All blocks were stained for estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), human epidermal growth factor 2(HER 2/neu), ki67, and Oct4 by immunohistochemistry (IHC) method. Of 72 enrolled cases, the mean age was 49.6±1.42 years. 18 (25%) of cases were luminal A, 14 (19.4%) were Her2 positive, 31 (43%) were luminal B, and 9 (12.5%) were triple-negative. IHC staining for Oct4 revealed no Oct4 expression in breast cancer samples. The staining was repeated twice, and seminoma was used as a positive control in each run. The results of both repeats were the same, and none of the examined samples showed Oct4 expression. We found no Oct4 expression in breast cancer samples examined in our study. We also did not find Oct4 expression in normal breast tissue. Our study is one of the few studies which has evaluated Oct4 expression in human breast cancer on tissue samples and is one of the least that has reported no expression of Oct4 in breast cancer.

Classification of Breast Cancer Using a Hybrid and Enhanced Recurrent Residual Convolutional Neural Network (ERResCNN)

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 66-76
Author(s):  
S. Prakash ◽  
K. Sangeetha
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Neural Network ◽  
Normal Breast ◽  
World Health ◽  
Complex Task ◽  
Segmentation Methods ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Prevention And Cure ◽  
Breast Tissues

Females are affected by BC (Breast Cancer) more than any other type of cancer. BC has caused more deaths than any other diseases such as tuberculosis or malaria according to WHO (World Health Organization). The mortality rates due to BC in women are high making it a candidate for early detection for prevention and cure. Diagnosing BC is a complex task as it is interleaved with normal breast tissues. Image processing methods have been proposed for detecting BC, yet better segmentation methods are required. Fuzzy based approaches provide optimal results in segmenting BC images. Hence, this work uses Fuzzy approach combined with ResCNN (Recurrent Residual Convolution Neural Network) which is the optimized by a modified GA (Genetic Algorithm). The proposed ERResCNN classifying results in detecting BC from images is accurate and efficient in comparison to other methods.

scholarly journals Upregulation of miR-21 and miR-106b in plasma and tissues as a possible prognostic marker in aggressive breast cancer

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Ductal Carcinoma ◽  
Reduction Mammoplasty ◽  
Lymph Node Involvement ◽  
Normal Breast ◽  
Cancer Prognosis ◽  
Mammary Tissue ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
Breast Tissues

Background: The miRNAs are referred to small non-coding RNAs (consisting of 18 to 25 nucleotides). Functional studies have shown their functions to be oncogenes or tumor suppressor genes in different types of cancers. The miR-106b and miR-21 have been identified to participate in the biological behaviors of cells. This study aimed to evaluate the tissue and plasma levels of miR-21 and miR-106b in patients with breast cancer who were diagnosed with ductal carcinoma. Methods: In total, 40 cases of breast cancer patients 180 samples were examined in this project. Samples included ductal carcinoma breast tumors (n=40), normal breast tissues of the margin of the tumor (n=40) and 20 samples from unaffected mammary tissue of females undergoing reduction mammoplasty (control group), plasma samples of patients with breast cancer (n=40), and plasma of non-affected individuals (n=40). The expression levels of miR-106b and miR-21 were determined using SYBR Green real-time RT-PCR assay in breast tissues and plasma of cancerous patients in comparison to the controls. Results: MiR-106b and miR-21 revealed much higher expression in tissues and plasma of patients with breast cancer in comparison to that in the group of control (P<0.001). High levels of mir-106b and miR-21 expression in plasma and tumor tissues were highly correlated with tumors in higher stages and lymph node involvement (P<0.0001). Conclusions: Based on the obtained results, upregulation of miR-106b and miR-21 in the plasma of patients with breast cancer can act as a possible non-invasive biomarker for breast cancer prognosis. Further follow-up studies are required to confirm this.

scholarly journals Expression and Clinical Significance of Hypoxia-related Factors HIF-1a, Gli-1 and MMP9 in Breast Cancer

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chen Hong ◽  
Donghong Xu ◽  
Haizhi Qiao ◽  
Jinmei Li ◽  
Jinku Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Clinical Significance ◽  
Ductal Carcinoma ◽  
Normal Breast ◽  
Carcinoma Of The Breast ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Normal Tissues ◽  
Gli 1 ◽  
Cancer Tissues ◽  
Breast Tissues

Objective: To investigate the expression and clinical significance of hypoxia inducible factors HIF-1a, Gli-1 and MMP9 in breast cancer. Methods: Eighty patients with invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast and 40 normal tissues adjacent to cancer were selected. Immunohistochemical methods were used to detect the expression of HIF-1a, Gli-1 and MMP9 in breast cancer and normal tissues adjacent to cancer, and their relationship with clinicopathological features of breast cancer and prognosis was explored. Results: The positive rates of HIF-1a, Gli-1 and MMP9 in breast cancer tissues were significantly higher than those in normal breast tissues. HIF-1a, Gli-1 and MMP9 expressions are positively correlated in breast cancer. Conclusion: HIF-1a, Gli-1 and MMP9 proteins are involved in the pathogenesis of breast cancer.

Repression of protocadherin 17 is correlated with elevated angiogenesis and hypoxia markers in female patients with breast cancer

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Sanaa A. El-Benhawy ◽  
Samia A. Ebeid ◽  
Nadia A. Abd El Moneim ◽  
Rabie R. Abdel Wahed ◽  
Amal R.R. Arab
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Gene Expression ◽  
Clinical Stage ◽  
Suppressor Gene ◽  
Normal Breast ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
Cd34 Cells ◽  
Breast Tissues

BACKGROUND: Altered cadherin expression plays a vital role in tumorigenesis, angiogenesis and tumor progression. However, the function of protocadherin 17 (PCDH17) in breast cancer remains unclear. OBJECTIVE: Our target is to explore PCDH17 gene expression in breast carcinoma tissues and its relation to serum angiopoietin-2 (Ang-2), carbonic anhydrase IX (CAIX) and % of circulating CD34+ cells in breast cancer patients (BCPs). METHODS: This study included Fifty female BCPs and 50 healthy females as control group. Cancerous and neighboring normal breast tissues were collected from BCPs as well as blood samples at diagnosis PCDH17 gene expression was evaluated by RT-PCR. Serum Ang-2, CAIX levels were measured by ELISA and % CD34+ cells were assessed by flow cytometry. RESULTS: PCDH17 was downregulated in cancerous breast tissues and its repression was significantly correlated with advanced stage and larger tumor size. Low PCDH17 was significantly correlated with serum Ang-2, % CD34+ cells and serum CAIX levels. Serum CAIX, Ang-2 and % CD34+ cells levels were highly elevated in BCPs and significantly correlated with clinical stage. CONCLUSIONS: PCDH17 downregulation correlated significantly with increased angiogenic and hypoxia biomarkers. These results explore the role of PCDH17 as a tumor suppressor gene inhibiting tumor growth and proliferation.

NEURAL CLASSIFICATION OF MASS ABNORMALITIES WITH DIFFERENT TYPES OF FEATURES IN DIGITAL MAMMOGRAPHY

2006 ◽  
Vol 06 (01) ◽  
pp. 61-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. PANCHAL ◽  
B. VERMA
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Breast Cancer Diagnosis ◽  
Classification Rate ◽  
Test Dataset ◽  
Benchmark Database ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Breast Tissues ◽  
Mass Type

Early detection of breast abnormalities remains the primary prevention against breast cancer despite the advances in breast cancer diagnosis and treatment. Presence of mass in breast tissues is highly indicative of breast cancer. The research work presented in this paper investigates the significance of different types of features using proposed neural network based classification technique to classify mass type of breast abnormalities in digital mammograms into malignant and benign. 14 gray level based features, four BI-RADS features, patient age feature and subtlety value feature have been explored using the proposed research methodology to attain maximum classification on test dataset. The proposed research technique attained a 91% testing classification rate with a 100% training classification rate on digital mammograms taken from the DDSM benchmark database.

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