scholarly journals Ghrelin in Diabetes and Metabolic Syndrome

2010 ◽  
Vol 2010 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leena Pulkkinen ◽  
Olavi Ukkola ◽  
Marjukka Kolehmainen ◽  
Matti Uusitupa
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Complex Disease ◽  
Association Studies ◽  
Genetic Association Studies ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Basic Research ◽  
Global Public Health

Metabolic syndrome is a cluster of related risk factors for cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes and liver disease. Obesity, which has become a global public health problem, is one of the major risk factors for development of metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes. Obesity is a complex disease, caused by the interplay between environmental and genetic factors. Ghrelin is one of the circulating peptides, which stimulates appetite and regulates energy balance, and thus is one of the candidate genes for obesity and T2DM. During the last years both basic research and genetic association studies have revealed association between the ghrelin gene and obesity, metabolic syndrome or type 2 diabetes

scholarly journals Early vascular aging risk assessment in patients with metabolic syndrome

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (Supplement_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
A Salasyuk ◽  
S Nedogoda ◽  
I Barykina ◽  
V Lutova ◽  
E Popova
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Vascular Aging ◽  
Clinical Markers ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Vascular Age

Abstract Background Metabolic syndrome (MetS) and abdominal obesity are one of the most common CVD risk factors among young and mature patients. However, the currently used CVD risk assessment scales may underestimate the CV risk in people with obesity and MS. Early vascular aging rather than chronological aging can conceptually offer better risk prediction. MetS, as accumulation of classical risk factors, leads to acceleration of early vascular aging. Since an important feature of MetS is its reversibility, an adequate risk assessment and early start of therapy is important in relation to the possibilities of preventing related complications. Purpose To derive a new score for calculation vascular age and predicting EVA in patients with MetS. Methods Prospective open cohort study using routinely collected data from general practice. The derivation cohort consisted of 1000 patients, aged 35–80 years with MetS (IDF,2005 criteria). The validation cohort consisted of 484 patients with MetS and carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV) values exceeding expected for average age values by 2 or more SD (EVA syndrome). Results In univariate analysis, EVA was significantly correlated with the presence of type 2 diabetes and clinical markers of insulin resistance (IR), body mass index (BMI), metabolic syndrome severity score (MetS z-score), uric acid (UA) level, hsCRP, HOMA-IR, total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), heart rate (HR), central aortic blood pressure (CBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP). Multiple logistic regression shown, that presence of type 2 diabetes and IR were associated with greater risk of EVA; the odds ratios were 2.75 (95% CI: 2.34, 3.35) and 1.57 (95% CI: 1.16, 2.00), respectively. In addition, the risk of having EVA increased by 76% with an increase in HOMA-IR by 1 unit, by 17% with an increase in hsCRP by 1 mg/l, by 4% with an increase in DBP by 1 mm Hg, and by 1% with each 1 μmol / L increase in the level of UA. The area under the curve for predicting EVA in patients with MetS was 0,949 (95% CI 0,936 to 0,963), 0,630 (95% CI 0,589 to 0,671), 0,697 (95% CI 0,659 to 0,736) and 0,686 (95% CI 0,647 to 0,726), for vascular age, calculated from cfPWV, SCORE scale, QRISK-3 scale and Framingham scale, respectively. Diabetes mellitus and clinical markers of IR (yes/no), HOMA-IR and UA level were used to develop a new VAmets score for EVA prediction providing a total accuracy of 0.830 (95% CI 0,799 to 0,860). Conclusion cfPWV at present the most widely studied index of arterial stiffness, fulfills most of the stringent criteria for a clinically useful biomarker of EVA in patients with MetS. Although, parallel efforts for effective integration simple clinical score into clinical practice have been offered. Our score (VAmets) may accurately identify patients with MetS and EVA on the basis of widely available clinical variables and classic cardiovascular risk factors can prioritize using of vascular age in routine care. ROC-curves for predicting EVA in MetS Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding source: None

scholarly journals Study on health risk factors as a basis to implement programs that promote a nutritional culture in students of the la Sabana University

2021 ◽  
pp. 89-94
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Blood Chemistry ◽  
Monitoring And Control ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome

Background. Nowadays the importance of lifestyles in the prevention of type 2 diabetes and the metabolic syndrome has been largely accertained. Objective. The purpose of our work is to implement programs that promote a nutritional culture in adolescents and young adults of the La Sabana University. Methods. The methodology entailed, after the corresponding informed consent, taking measures of the triceps and supraescapular skinfolds, waist circumference, body mass index (BMI), lean mass, and fat mass. Fasting blood samples were also taken to quantify cholesterol, triglycerides, high density lipoprotein (HDL) and low density lipoprotein (LDL). Results. The results obtained show that of the 165 students, 10.3% were underweight, 13.93% were overweight and 0.6% were obese. With regards to gender, 4.8% of the men and 9% of the women were overweight, 3% of the men and 7.2% of the women were underweight, and 0.6% of the women were obese. The blood chemistry showed that 30% had hypercholesterolemia, 18% hypertriglyceridemia, 17% reported low HDL levels and 67% reported high LDL levels. Of all the cases studied, 40% are at risk of a metabolic syndrome. 60% claimed not to practice any physical activity - especially women who reported 44.70%. Conclusions. These findings have allowed us at the institution to implement a culture of healthy habits. The have also allowed us to identify students with risk factors for type 2 diabetes and metabolic syndrome. This is why the cardiometabolic monitoring and control based on healthy eating and physical activity are important.

Metabolic Syndrome and Ethnic Groups Second edition

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammadhosain Afrand ◽  
Mohammad Afkhami-Ardekani ◽  
Ahmad Shojaoddiny-Ardekani ◽  
Azita Ariaeinejad
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Lifestyle Modification ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Subsequent Development ◽  
Metabolic Risk

Metabolic syndrome is defined as the co-occurrence of metabolic risk factors for both type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease (i.e. abdominal obesity, hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia, and hypertension). Indeed, metabolic syndrome is an important risk factor for subsequent development of type 2 diabetes and/or CVD. Thus, the key clinical implication of a diagnosis of metabolic syndrome is the identification of a patient who needs aggressive lifestyle modification focused on weight reduction and increased physical activity. Multiple different phenotypes and ethnic-specific values for waist circumference are included within metabolic syndrome, with indications for differing treatment strategies. This book covers several aspects of metabolic syndrome, including its definition, diagnostic criteria, preventive measures, and treatment, as well as the possible association between ethnicity and the occurrence of metabolic syndrome.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Metabolic Syndrome and Its Associated Risk Factors in Type 2 Diabetes: A Descriptive Cross-Sectional Study at the Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital, Kumasi, Ghana

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francis Agyemang-Yeboah ◽  
Benjamin Ackon Jnr. Eghan ◽  
Max Efui Annani-Akollor ◽  
Eliezer Togbe ◽  
Sampson Donkor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
The Body ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Associated Risk Factors

Background. Metabolic syndrome (MS) is a collection of cardiovascular risk factors comprising insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, obesity, and hypertension, which may cause further complications in diabetes. Although metabolic syndrome (MS) is increasing in incidence in diabetics and leading to significant cardiovascular diseases and mortality, there is dearth of data in Ghana. This study investigated metabolic syndrome, its prevalence, and its associated risk factors in type 2 diabetes at the Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital, Kumasi, Ghana. Methods. The study involved 405 diabetic patients attending the Diabetic Clinic of the Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital (KATH) Kumasi, in the Ashanti Region of Ghana. A well-structured questionnaire was used to obtain demographic background such as their age and gender. Anthropometric measurements were obtained using the Body Composition Monitor (Omron ® 500, Germany) which generated digital results on a screen and also by manual methods. Fasting venous blood was collected for the measurement of biochemical parameters comprising fasting plasma glucose (FPG), glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c), and triglyceride (TG). Metabolic syndrome was defined according to the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP ATP III). Results. Out of the total of 405 participants, 81 were males and 324 were females, and the estimated mean age was 58.5 ± 9.9 years. The female patients exhibited higher mean waist circumference (WC) and mean hip circumference (HC) as well as an approximately higher body mass index than males (28.3 ± 5.1, 26.5 ± 4.2 for the female and male respectively). Overall, the prevalence of metabolic syndrome observed among the study population was 90.6%. Conclusions. The prevalence of metabolic syndrome observed among the study population was 90.6%, with a higher percentage in females than males. High triglyceride levels and high waist circumference were the main risk factors for MS in the diabetic population.

Prevalence and Risk Factors of NAFLD among Native South Asian Pakistani Patients with Type 2 Diabetes and Metabolic Syndrome

2011 ◽  
Vol 106 ◽  
pp. S131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amna Butt ◽  
Saeed Hamid ◽  
Wasim Jafri ◽  
Mohammad Salih ◽  
Zishan Haider ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
South Asian

scholarly journals Association of the type 2 deiodinase Thr92Ala polymorphism with type 2 diabetes: case–control study and meta-analysis

2010 ◽  
Vol 163 (3) ◽  
pp. 427-434 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Miguel Dora ◽  
Walter Escouto Machado ◽  
Jakeline Rheinheimer ◽  
Daisy Crispim ◽  
Ana Luiza Maia
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Association Studies ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Genetic Association Studies ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Key Enzyme ◽  
Control Study

ObjectiveThe type 2 deiodinase (D2) is a key enzyme for intracellular triiodothyronine (T3) generation. A single-nucleotide polymorphism in D2 (Thr92Ala) has been associated with increased insulin resistance in nondiabetic and type 2 diabetes (DM2) subjects. Our aim was to evaluate whether the D2 Thr92Ala polymorphism is associated with increased risk for DM2.Design and methodsA case–control study with 1057 DM2 and 516 nondiabetic subjects was performed. All participants underwent genotyping of the D2 Thr92Ala polymorphism. Additionally, systematic review and meta-analysis of the literature for genetic association studies of D2 Thr92Ala polymorphism and DM2 were performed in Medline, Embase, LiLacs, and SciELO, and major meeting databases using the terms ‘rs225014’ odds ratio (OR) ‘thr92ala’ OR ‘T92A’ OR ‘dio2 a/g’.ResultsIn the case–control study, the frequencies of D2 Ala92Ala homozygous were 16.4% (n=173) versus 12.0% (n=62) in DM2 versus controls respectively resulting in an adjusted OR of 1.41 (95% confidence intervals (CI) 1.03–1.94, P=0.03). The literature search identified three studies that analyzed the association of the D2 Thr92Ala polymorphism with DM2, with the following effect estimates: Mentuccia (OR 1.40 (95% CI 0.78–2.51)), Grarup (OR 1.09 (95% CI 0.92–1.29)), and Maia (OR 1.22 (95% CI 0.78–1.92)). The pooled effect of the four studies resulted in an OR 1.18 (95% CI 1.03–1.36, P=0.02).ConclusionsOur results indicate that in a case–control study, the homozygosity for D2 Thr92Ala polymorphism is associated with increased risk for DM2. These results were confirmed by a meta-analysis including 11 033 individuals, and support a role for intracellular T3 concentration in skeletal muscle on DM2 pathogenesis.

The Genes Influencing Adiponectin Levels Also Influence Risk Factors for Metabolic Syndrome and Type 2 Diabetes

Human Biology ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 79 (2) ◽  
pp. 191-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony G. Comuzzie ◽  
M. Elizabeth. Tejero ◽  
Tohru. Funahashi ◽  
Lisa J. Martin ◽  
Ahmed. Kissebah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document