scholarly journals Heme Oxygenase Contributes to Alleviate Salinity Damage inGlycine maxL. Leaves

2009 ◽  
Vol 2009 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carla Giannina Zilli ◽  
Diego Mario Santa-Cruz ◽  
Gustavo Gabriel Yannarelli ◽  
Guillermo Osvaldo Noriega ◽  
María Luján Tomaro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Salt Stress ◽  
Heme Oxygenase ◽  
Defense Mechanisms ◽  
Cellular Damage ◽  
Ion Leakage ◽  
Salt Treatment ◽  
Gene Expressions ◽  
Leading Role

Plants are frequently subjected to different kinds of stress, such as salinity and, like other organisms, they have evolved strategies for preventing and repairing cellular damage caused by salt stress.Glycine maxL. plants were subjected to different NaCl concentrations (0–200 mM) for 10 days. Treatments with 100 and 200 mM NaCl induced ion leakage and lipid peroxidation augmentation, loss in chlorophyll content, and accumulation ofO2•-andH2O2. However, 50 mM NaCl did not modify these parameters, which remains similar to control values. Catalase, superoxide dismutase, and heme oxygenase (HO-1) activities and gene expressions were increased under 100 mM NaCl, while no differences were observed with respect to controls under 50 mM salt. Treatment with 200 mM NaCl caused a diminution in the enzyme activities and gene expressions. Results here reported let us conclude that HO also plays a leading role in the defense mechanisms against salinity.

scholarly journals Phenylurea-type Cytokinin ameliorates the performance of young pea plants under salt stress

Botanica ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 141-148
Author(s):  
Irina Moskova ◽  
Konstantina Kocheva
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Electrolyte Leakage ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Nacl Stress ◽  
Leaf Water Content ◽  
Ion Leakage ◽  
Salt Treatment ◽  
Cell Membrane Stability ◽  
Pisum Sativum L ◽  
Kinetics Of

Cytokinins are known to enhance stress tolerance in plants. The present study aimed to assess the possible protective effect of exogenous phenylurea-type cytokinin (4PU-30) on alleviating salt (NaCl) stress. Young pea (Pisum sativum L.) plants were sprayed with cytokinin 4PU-30 and were subsequently subjected to NaCl treatment. The effect of 4PU-30 on cell membrane stability was assessed based on electrolyte leakage from leaves of control and NaCl stressed plants. A previously established model system employing the kinetics of ion leakage served to evaluate the effect of the 4PU-30 application on plants response to salinity. Salt treatment caused a moderate decrease in leaf water content. Accumulation of proline, malondialdehyde (MDA), and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in the leaves of NaCl treated plants indicated the development of oxidative stress, which was significantly alleviated by pretreatment with phenylurea-type cytokinin 4PU-30. Foliar application of 4PU-30 reduced the damaging effect of NaCl, as evidenced by decreased electrolyte leakage. Distinct roles of cell walls and plasmalemma in the processes of ion efflux due to salt stress are discussed.

scholarly journals Tocotrienol-Rich Fraction Ameliorates Antioxidant Defense Mechanisms and Improves Replicative Senescence-Associated Oxidative Stress in Human Myoblasts

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shy Cian Khor ◽  
Wan Zurinah Wan Ngah ◽  
Yasmin Anum Mohd Yusof ◽  
Norwahidah Abdul Karim ◽  
Suzana Makpol
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Free Radical ◽  
Glutathione Peroxidase ◽  
Defense Mechanisms ◽  
Antioxidant Defense ◽  
Replicative Senescence ◽  
Ros Generation ◽  
Tocotrienol Rich Fraction

During aging, oxidative stress affects the normal function of satellite cells, with consequent regeneration defects that lead to sarcopenia. This study aimed to evaluate tocotrienol-rich fraction (TRF) modulation in reestablishing the oxidative status of myoblasts during replicative senescence and to compare the effects of TRF with other antioxidants (α-tocopherol (ATF) andN-acetyl-cysteine (NAC)). Primary human myoblasts were cultured to young, presenescent, and senescent phases. The cells were treated with antioxidants for 24 h, followed by the assessment of free radical generation, lipid peroxidation, antioxidant enzyme mRNA expression and activities, and the ratio of reduced to oxidized glutathione. Our data showed that replicative senescence increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and lipid peroxidation in myoblasts. Treatment with TRF significantly diminished ROS production and decreased lipid peroxidation in senescent myoblasts. Moreover, the gene expression of superoxide dismutase(SOD2), catalase(CAT),and glutathione peroxidase(GPX1)was modulated by TRF treatment, with increased activity of superoxide dismutase and catalase and reduced glutathione peroxidase in senescent myoblasts. In comparison to ATF and NAC, TRF was more efficient in heightening the antioxidant capacity and reducing free radical insults. These results suggested that TRF is able to ameliorate antioxidant defense mechanisms and improves replicative senescence-associated oxidative stress in myoblasts.

scholarly journals THERMOTOLERANCE AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF MOTH BEAN SEEDLINGS AS INFLUENCED BY 24-EPIBRASSINOLIDE

HortScience ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 25 (9) ◽  
pp. 1082d-1082
Author(s):  
Abha Upadhyaya ◽  
Tim D. Davis ◽  
Narendra Sankhla
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Cellular Damage ◽  
Antioxidant Systems ◽  
Acid Oxidase ◽  
Vigna Aconitifolia ◽  
Moth Bean

Seeds of moth bean (Vigna aconitifolia Jacqu. Marechal cv. Jaadia) were germinated in the presence of 0, 0.1, 1, or 2 μm 24-epibrassinolide (EBL). After 72 h, cotyledons were excised and the seedlings exposed to 22 or 48 °C for 90 min. At 48 °C EBL increased total electrolyte, K+, and sugar leakage relative to the untreated control. Following exposure to 48 °C, EBL-treated seedlings had higher malondialdehyde concentrations than controls indicating that EBL enhanced high temperature-induced lipid peroxidation. At 48 °C, EBL increased ascorbic acid oxidase activity and decreased superoxide dismutase activity relative to the control. Taken together, these data do not support the hypothesis that brassinosteroids confer thermotolerance to plants. On the contrary, EBL increased high temperature-induced damage and reduced the activity of some antioxidant systems that may protect against stress-induced cellular damage.

scholarly journals Properties of spermatozoal superoxide dismutase and lack of involvement of superoxides in metal-ion-catalysed lipid-peroxidation and reactions in semen

1980 ◽  
Vol 191 (2) ◽  
pp. 289-297 ◽  
Author(s):  
M R F Mennella ◽  
R Jones
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Cold Shock ◽  
Total Activity ◽  
Cellular Damage ◽  
Purification And Characterization ◽  
Boar Spermatozoa

1. The distribution and properties of superoxide dismutase were examined in mammalian semen, and the enzyme was used to investigate the role of superoxides in metal-ion-catalysed lipid-peroxidation reactions in spermatozoa. 2. Superoxide dismutase activity was detected in seminal plasma and spermatozoa from all species studied, exceptionally high activity being found in donkey semen. The enzyme is easily solubilized from spermatozoa, as 85-90% of the total activity is released by cold shock, a relatively mild form of cellular damage. 3. Purification and characterization of the enzyme from supernatant fractions prepared from cold-shocked boar spermatozoa showed it to be cyanide-sensitive, to have a mol.wt. of 31 000, a pI of 5.9 and to contain 1.85 g-atoms of copper and 1.91 g-atoms of zinc per mol of protein. However, extensive sonication of spermatozoa released a small amount of a cyanide-insensitive enzyme, presumably a mangano superoxide dismutase, from the mitochondrial matrix. 4. The presence of superoxide dismutase in spermatozoa, either intracellularly or extracellularly, did not inhibit ascorbate/Fe2+-catalysed lipid-peroxidation reactions, suggesting that superoxides are not essential intermediates in this system.

scholarly journals Assessment of NaCl-Induced Stress in Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum L.)

2021 ◽  
pp. 41-47
Author(s):  
Abhishek Kumar ◽  
Khushbu Jain ◽  
Mahesh Kumar ◽  
Md. Shamim ◽  
Jitesh Kumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Salt Stress ◽  
Root Growth ◽  
Root Length ◽  
Primary Root ◽  
H2o2 Production ◽  
Salt Treatment ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Comparative Response ◽  
Root Tissues

Comparative study about the salt-induced oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation has been realised in primary root tissues for Tomato (Lycopersicon esculantum L.) in order to evaluate their responses to salt stress. Salinity impacts in terms of root growth, H2O2 generation, lipid peroxidation and membrane destabilisation were more pronounced in roots. Salt treatment in form of NaCl was given to the roots of the tomato plants in hydroponics culture. Root length was measured by centimetre scale, H2O2 and lipid peroxidation was confirmed by spectrophotometer. Absorbance for H2O2 estimation was recorded at 480 nm whereas for Lipid peroxidation was done at 600nm. When the tomato plants were treated with different concentrations of NaCl, it was observed that as the concentration of NaCl was increasing, there  was decreased root growth resulting in reduced root length and  proportionate increase in the amount of H2O2  production level with increase in the concentrations of NaCl treatment upto 300mM Concentration and  Significant increase in Lipid peroxidation was observed with the increase in NaCl concentrations upto 500mM Concentration. Comparative response may be helpful in developing a better understanding of tolerance mechanisms to salt stress in Tomato.

Mechanisms of Nickel-Induced Cell Damage in Allergic Contact Dermatitis and Nutritional Intervention Strategies

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (7) ◽  
pp. 1010-1014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dana Filatova ◽  
Christine Cherpak
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Contact Dermatitis ◽  
Oxidative Damage ◽  
Allergic Contact Dermatitis ◽  
Cell Damage ◽  
Consumer Products ◽  
The Body ◽  
Cellular Damage ◽  
Nutritional Interventions ◽  
Allergic Contact

Background: Hypersensitivity to nickel is a very common cause of allergic contact dermatitis since this metal is largely present in industrial and consumer products as well as in some commonly consumed foods, air, soil, and water. In nickel-sensitized individuals, a cell-mediated delayed hypersensitivity response results in contact to dermatitis due to mucous membranes coming in long-term contact with nickel-containing objects. This process involves the generation of reactive oxidative species and lipid peroxidation-induced oxidative damage. Immunologically, the involvement of T helper (h)-1 and Th-2 cells, as well as the reduced function of T regulatory cells, are of importance. The toxicity, mutagenicity, and carcinogenicity of nickel are attributed to the generation of reactive oxygen species and induction of oxidative damage via lipid peroxidation, which results in DNA damage. Objective: The aim of this research is to identify nutritionally actionable interventions that can intercept nickel-induced cell damage due to their antioxidant capacities. Conclusion: Nutritional interventions may be used to modulate immune dysregulation, thereby intercepting nickel-induced cellular damage. Among these nutritional interventions are a low-nickel diet and an antioxidant-rich diet that is sufficient in iron needed to minimize nickel absorption. These dietary approaches not only reduce the likelihood of nickel toxicity by minimizing nickel exposure but also help prevent oxidative damage by supplying the body with antioxidants that neutralize free radicals.

scholarly journals Variations in morphology, physiology, and multiple bioactive constituents of Lonicerae Japonicae Flos under salt stress

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhichen Cai ◽  
Xunhong Liu ◽  
Huan Chen ◽  
Rong Yang ◽  
Jiajia Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Salt Stress ◽  
Phenolic Acids ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Gray Relational Analysis ◽  
Bioactive Constituents ◽  
Multivariate Statistical ◽  
Medicinal Value ◽  
Quality Formation

AbstractLonicerae Japonicae Flos (LJF) is an important traditional Chinese medicine for the treatment of various ailments and plays a vital role in improving global human health. However, as unable to escape from adversity, the quality of sessile organisms is dramatically affected by salt stress. To systematically explore the quality formation of LJF in morphology, physiology, and bioactive constituents' response to multiple levels of salt stress, UFLC-QTRAP-MS/MS and multivariate statistical analysis were performed. Lonicera japonica Thunb. was planted in pots and placed in the field, then harvested after 35 days under salt stress. Indexes of growth, photosynthetic pigments, osmolytes, lipid peroxidation, and antioxidant enzymes were identified to evaluate the salt tolerance in LJF under different salt stresses (0, 100, 200, and 300 mM NaCl). Then, the total accumulation and dynamic variation of 47 bioactive constituents were quantitated. Finally, Partial least squares discrimination analysis and gray relational analysis were performed to systematically cluster, distinguish, and evaluate the samples, respectively. The results showed that 100 mM NaCl induced growth, photosynthetic, antioxidant activities, osmolytes, lipid peroxidation, and multiple bioactive constituents in LJF, which possessed the best quality. Additionally, a positive correlation was found between the accumulation of phenolic acids with antioxidant enzyme activity under salt stress, further confirming that phenolic acids could reduce oxidative damage. This study provides insight into the quality formation and valuable information to improve the LJF medicinal value under salt stress.

scholarly journals Effect of Cross-Sex Hormonal Replacement on Antioxidant Enzymes in Rat Retroperitoneal Fat Adipocytes

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Israel Pérez-Torres ◽  
Verónica Guarner-Lans ◽  
Alejandra Zúñiga-Muñoz ◽  
Rodrigo Velázquez Espejel ◽  
Alfredo Cabrera-Orefice ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Glutathione Peroxidase ◽  
Glutathione Reductase ◽  
Enzymatic Activities ◽  
Glutathione S Transferase ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Intact Female ◽  
Hormonal Replacement

We report the effect of cross-sex hormonal replacement on antioxidant enzymes from rat retroperitoneal fat adipocytes. Eight rats of each gender were assigned to each of the following groups: control groups were intact female or male (F and M, resp.). Experimental groups were ovariectomized F (OvxF), castrated M (CasM), OvxF plus testosterone (OvxF + T), and CasM plus estradiol (CasM + E2) groups. After sacrifice, retroperitoneal fat was dissected and processed for histology. Adipocytes were isolated and the following enzymatic activities were determined: Cu-Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione-S-transferase (GST), and glutathione reductase (GR). Also, glutathione (GSH) and lipid peroxidation (LPO) were measured. In OvxF, retroperitoneal fat increased and adipocytes were enlarged, while in CasM rats a decrease in retroperitoneal fat and small adipocytes are observed. The cross-sex hormonal replacement in F rats was associated with larger adipocytes and a further decreased activity of Cu-Zn SOD, CAT, GPx, GST, GR, and GSH, in addition to an increase in LPO. CasM + E2exhibited the opposite effects showing further activation antioxidant enzymes and decreases in LPO. In conclusion, E2deficiency favors an increase in retroperitoneal fat and large adipocytes. Cross-sex hormonal replacement in F rats aggravates the condition by inhibiting antioxidant enzymes.

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