scholarly journals Growth Inhibition of Re-Challenge B16 Melanoma Transplant by Conjugates of Melanogenesis Substrate and Magnetite Nanoparticles as the Basis for Developing Melanoma-Targeted Chemo-Thermo-Immunotherapy

2009 ◽  
Vol 2009 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomoaki Takada ◽  
Toshiharu Yamashita ◽  
Makito Sato ◽  
Akiko Sato ◽  
Ichiro Ono ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Inhibition ◽  
Magnetite Nanoparticles ◽  
Transplanted Tumor ◽  
Therapeutic Protocol ◽  
Therapy Strategy ◽  
Exposure Temperature ◽  
B16 Mouse Melanoma ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Melanoma Growth ◽  
Significant Growth Inhibition

Melanogenesis substrate, N-propionyl-cysteaminylphenol (NPrCAP), is selectively incorporated into melanoma cells and inhibits their growth by producing cytotoxic free radicals. Magnetite nanoparticles also disintegrate cancer cells and generate heat shock protein (HSP) upon exposure to an alternating magnetic field (AMF). This study tested if a chemo-thermo-immunotherapy (CTI therapy) strategy can be developed for better management of melanoma by conjugating NPrCAP on the surface of magnetite nanoparticles (NPrCAP/M). We examined the feasibility of this approach in B16 mouse melanoma and evaluated the impact of exposure temperature, frequency, and interval on the inhibition of re-challenged melanoma growth. The therapeutic protocol against the primary transplanted tumor with or without AMF exposure once a day every other day for a total of three treatments not only inhibited the growth of the primary transplant but also prevented the growth of the secondary, re-challenge transplant. The heat-generated therapeutic effect was more significant at a temperature of43∘C than either41∘C or46∘C. NPrCAP/M with AMF exposure, instead of control magnetite alone or without AMF exposure, resulted in the most significant growth inhibition of the re-challenge tumor and increased the life span of the mice. HSP70 production was greatest at43∘C compared to that with41∘C or46∘C. CD+T cells were infiltrated at the site of the re-challenge melanoma transplant.

Impact of hydroxychloroquin/azithromycin protocol on COVID-19 case-fatality rate reduction in Algeria. (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed Youssef Kada
Keyword(s):  
Case Fatality Rate ◽  
Doubling Time ◽  
Case Fatality ◽  
World Health ◽  
Fatality Rate ◽  
Therapeutic Protocol ◽  
First Case ◽  
The World ◽  
The Impact ◽  
At Home

BACKGROUND Covid-19 is an emerging infectious disease like viral zoonosis caused by new coronavirus SARS CoV 2. On December 31, 2019, Wuhan Municipal Health Commission in Hubei province (China) reported cases of pneumonia, the origin of which is a new coronavirus. Rapidly extendable around the world, the World Health Organization (WHO) declares it pandemic on March 11, 2020. This pandemic reaches Algeria on February 25, 2020, date on which the Algerian minister of health, announced the first case of Covid-19, a foreign citizen. From March 1, a cluster is formed in Blida and becomes the epicentre of the coronavirus epidemic in Algeria, its total quarantine is established on March 24, 2020, it will be smoothly alleviated on April 24. A therapeutic protocol based on hydroxychloroquine and azithromycin was put in place on March 23, for complicated cases, it was extended to all the cases confirmed on April 06. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to demonstrate the effectiveness of hydroxychloroquin/azithromycin protocol in Algeria, in particular after its extension to all patients diagnosed COVID-19 positive on RT-PCR test. We were able to illustrate this fact graphically, but not to prove it statistically because the design of our study, indeed in the 7 days which followed generalization of therapeutic protocol, case fatality rate decrease and doubling time increase, thus confirming the impact of wide and early prescription of hydroxychloroquin/azithromycin protocol. METHODS We have analyzed the data collected from press releases and follow-ups published daily by the Ministry of Health, we have studied the possible correlations of these data with certain events or decisions having a possible impact on their development, such as confinement at home and its reduction, the prescription of hydroxychloroquine/azithromycin combination for serious patients and its extension to all positive COVID subjects. Results are presented in graphics, the data collection was closed on 31/05/2020. RESULTS Covid-19 pandemic spreads from February 25, 2020, when a foreign citizen is tested positive, on March 1 a cluster is formed in the city of Blida where sixteen members of the same family are infected during a wedding party. Wilaya of Blida becomes the epicentre of coronavirus epidemic in Algeria and lockdown measures taken, while the number of national cases diagnosed begins to increases In any event, the association of early containment measures combined with a generalized initial treatment for all positive cases, whatever their degree of severity, will have contributed to a reduction in the fatality rate of COVID 19 and a slowing down of its doubling time. CONCLUSIONS In Algeria, the rapid combination of rigorous containment measure at home and early generalized treatment with hydroxychloroquin have demonstrated their effectiveness in terms of morbidity and mortality, the classic measures of social distancing and hygiene will make it possible to perpetuate these results by reducing viral transmission, the only unknown, the reopening procedure which can only be started after being surrounded by precautions aimed at ensuring the understanding of the population. CLINICALTRIAL Algeria, Covid-19, pandemic, hydroxychloroquin, azithromycin, case fatality rate

Chromanones with Leishmanicidal Activity from Calea uniflora

2007 ◽  
Vol 62 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 353-356 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andréa Mendes do Nascimento ◽  
Fernanda Cristina Costa ◽  
Otavio Henrique Thiemann ◽  
Dionéia Camilo Rodrigues de Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activity ◽  
Growth Inhibition ◽  
Leishmania Major ◽  
Spectroscopic Methods ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Leishmanicidal Activity ◽  
Significant Growth ◽  
Significant Growth Inhibition

The dichloromethane extract of Calea uniflora afforded a mixture of two novel chromanones, uniflorol-A (1) and uniflorol-B (2), and one known chromanone, 2,2-dimethyl-6- (1-hydroxyethyl)-chroman-4-one (3). The structures of these compounds were determined by spectroscopic methods. Biological activity of the compounds against Leishmania major promastigotes was evaluated. Mixture of the novel chromanones 1 and 2 showed significant growth inhibition of the parasite in the micrograms per milliliter range.

scholarly journals Elucidation of Antimicrobial Activity of Non-Covalently Dispersed Carbon Nanotubes

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 1676 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mansab Ali Saleemi ◽  
Mohammad Hosseini Fouladi ◽  
Phelim Voon Chen Yong ◽  
Eng Hwa Wong
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Growth Inhibition ◽  
Microbial Growth ◽  
Sodium Dodecyl ◽  
Surfactant Solution ◽  
Microbial Growth Inhibition ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Walled Cnts

Microorganisms have begun to develop resistance because of inappropriate and extensive use of antibiotics in the hospital setting. Therefore, it seems to be necessary to find a way to tackle these pathogens by developing new and effective antimicrobial agents. Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have attracted growing attention because of their remarkable mechanical strength, electrical properties, and chemical and thermal stability for their potential applications in the field of biomedical as therapeutic and diagnostic nanotools. However, the impact of carbon nanotubes on microbial growth has not been fully investigated. The primary purpose of this research study is to investigate the antimicrobial activity of CNTs, particularly double-walled and multi-walled nanotubes on representative pathogenic strains such as Gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus, Gram-negative bacteria Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and fungal strain Candida albicans. The dispersion ability of CNT types (double-walled and multi-walled) treated with a surfactant such as sodium dodecyl-benzenesulfonate (SDBS) and their impact on the microbial growth inhibition were also examined. A stock concentration 0.2 mg/mL of both double-walled and multi-walled CNTs was prepared homogenized by dispersing in surfactant solution by using probe sonication. UV-vis absorbance, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were used for the characterization of CNTs dispersed in the surfactant solution to study the interaction between molecules of surfactant and CNTs. Later, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to investigate how CNTs interact with the microbial cells. The antimicrobial activity was determined by analyzing optical density growth curves and viable cell count. This study revealed that microbial growth inhibited by non-covalently dispersed CNTs was both depend on the concentration and treatment time. In conclusion, the binding of surfactant molecules to the surface of CNTs increases its ability to disperse in aqueous solution. Non-covalent method of CNTs dispersion preserved their structure and increased microbial growth inhibition as a result. Multi-walled CNTs exhibited higher antimicrobial activity compared to double-walled CNTs against selected pathogens.

The Effect of Previous Exposure Temperature on People’s Perception in Semi-Outdoor Spaces

2012 ◽  
Vol 209-211 ◽  
pp. 256-259
Author(s):  
Jia Fang Song
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Difference ◽  
Air Conditioning ◽  
Previous Exposure ◽  
Thermal Perception ◽  
Controlled Experiments ◽  
Outdoor Spaces ◽  
Exposure Temperature ◽  
People’S Perception ◽  
The Impact

Past thermal experience is related to the memory and seems to be responsible for the changes in people’s expectations. In order to investigate how the previously air conditioned exposure impacts thermal perception in semi-outdoor spaces, the controlled experiments were conducted, with a total of 36 undergraduates who participated as the subjects. Based on the controlled experiments, the impact of previous exposure temperature to air conditioning was examined. It was found that the previously air conditioned exposure temperature has impact on thermal perception in semi-outdoor spaces. Based on the experiments, it can be found that the impact of the air conditioned exposure temperature is not significant when the temperature difference between the air conditioned environments is about 2°C or 3°C. However, the impact of the air conditioned exposure temperature appears significant when the temperature difference between the air conditioned environments is up to 5°C.

P-314 The highly selective COX-2 inhibitor demonstrates a significant growth inhibition of the recurrent lung tumor and its metastasis in C57/BL6 mice

Lung Cancer ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. S171
Author(s):  
Syed Suhail ◽  
Ahmed Qadri ◽  
Calvin Coffy ◽  
Mahmood Alam ◽  
J.H. Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Inhibition ◽  
Lung Tumor ◽  
Significant Growth ◽  
Cox 2 ◽  
Significant Growth Inhibition

scholarly journals Effects of Chloromethanes on Growth of and Deletion of the pce Gene Cluster in Dehalorespiring Desulfitobacterium hafniense Strain Y51

2006 ◽  
Vol 72 (9) ◽  
pp. 5998-6003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taiki Futagami ◽  
Takehito Yamaguchi ◽  
Shun-ichi Nakayama ◽  
Masatoshi Goto ◽  
Kensuke Furukawa
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Tetrachloride ◽  
Growth Inhibition ◽  
Gene Cluster ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Large Deletion ◽  
Growth Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Reductive Dehalogenase ◽  
Growth Inhibitory ◽  
Desulfitobacterium Hafniense ◽  
Significant Growth Inhibition

ABSTRACT The dehalorespiring Desulfitobacterium hafniense strain Y51 efficiently dechlorinates tetrachloroethene (PCE) to cis-1,2-dichloroethene (cis-DCE) via trichloroethene by PceA reductive dehalogenase encoded by the pceA gene. In a previous study, we found that the significant growth inhibition of strain Y51 occurred in the presence of commercial cis-DCE. In this study, it turned out that the growth inhibition was caused by chloroform (CF) contamination of cis-DCE. Interestingly, CF did not affect the growth of PCE-nondechlorinating SD (small deletion) and LD (large deletion) variants, where the former fails to transcribe the pceABC genes caused by a deletion of the promoter and the latter lost the entire pceABCT gene cluster. Therefore, PCE-nondechlorinating variants, mostly LD variant, became predominant, and dechlorination activity was significantly reduced in the presence of CF. Moreover, such a growth inhibitory effect was also observed in the presence of carbon tetrachloride at 1 μM, but not carbon dichloride even at 1 mM.

scholarly journals The impact of polymer coatings on magnetite nanoparticles performance as MRI contrast agents: a comparative study

2015 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryam Khalkhali ◽  
Kobra Rostamizadeh ◽  
Somayeh Sadighian ◽  
Farhad Khoeini ◽  
Mehran Naghibi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Contrast Agents ◽  
Magnetite Nanoparticles ◽  
Polymer Coatings ◽  
Mri Contrast Agents ◽  
Mri Contrast ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Antitumor Effects of Combining Docetaxel (Taxotere) with the Antivascular Action of Ultrasound Stimulated Microbubbles

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raffi Karshafian ◽  
David E. Goertz ◽  
Margarita Todorova ◽  
Omid Mortazavi ◽  
Vlad Agache ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Inhibition ◽  
Anticancer Agents ◽  
Drug Uptake ◽  
Antitumor Effects ◽  
Vascular Disrupting Agents ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Significant Growth ◽  
Survival Prolongation ◽  
Vascular Disrupting ◽  
Significant Growth Inhibition

Ultrasound stimulated microbubbles (USMB) are being investigated for their potential to promote the uptake of anticancer agents into tumor tissue by exploiting their ability to enhance microvascular permeability. At sufficiently high ultrasound transmit amplitudes it has also recently been shown that USMB treatments can, on their own, induce vascular damage, shutdown blood flow, and inhibit tumor growth. The objective of this study is to examine the antitumor effects of ‘antivascular’ USMB treatments in conjunction with chemotherapy, which differs from previous work which has sought to enhance drug uptake with USMBs by increasing vascular permeability. Conceptually this is a strategy similar to combining vascular disrupting agents with a chemotherapy, and we have selected the taxane docetaxel (Taxotere) for evaluating this approach as it has previously been shown to have potent antitumor effects when combined with small molecule vascular disrupting agents. Experiments were conducted on PC3 tumors implanted in athymic mice. USMB treatments were performed at a frequency of 1 MHz employing sequences of 50 ms bursts (0.00024 duty cycle) at 1.65 MPa. USMB treatments were administered on a weekly basis for 4 weeks with docetaxel (DTX) being given intravenously at a dose level of 5 mg/kg. The USMB treatments, either alone or in combination with DTX, induced an acute reduction in tumor perfusion which was accompanied at the 24 hour point by significantly enhanced necrosis and apoptosis. Longitudinal experiments showed a modest prolongation in survival but no significant growth inhibition occurred in DTX–only and USMB-only treatment groups relative to control tumors. The combined USMB-DTX treatment group produced tumor shrinkage in weeks 4–6, and significant growth inhibition and survival prolongation relative to the control (p<0.001), USMB-only (p<0.01) and DTX-only treatment groups (p<0.01). These results suggest the potential of enhancing the antitumor activity of docetaxel by combining it with antivascular USMB effects.

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