scholarly journals On the Recursive Sequencexn=1+∑i=1kαixn−pi/∑j=1mβjxn−qj

2007 ◽  
Vol 2007 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stevo Stevic

We give a complete picture regarding the behavior of positive solutions of the following important difference equation:xn=1+∑i=1kαixn−pi/∑j=1mβjxn−qj,n∈ℕ0, whereαi, i∈{1,…,k}, andβj, j∈{1,…,m}, are positive numbers such that∑i=1kαi=∑j=1mβj=1,andpi, i∈{1,…,k}, andqj, j∈{1,…,m}, are natural numbers such thatp1<p2<⋯<pkandq1<q2<⋯<qm. The case whengcd(p1,…,pk,q1,…,qm)=1is the most important. For the case we prove that if allpi, i∈{1,…,k}, are even and allqj, j∈{1,…,m}, are odd, then every positive solution of this equation converges to a periodic solution of period two, otherwise, every positive solution of the equation converges to a unique positive equilibrium.

1994 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 257-265
Author(s):  
J. H. SHEN ◽  
Z. C. WANG ◽  
X. Z. QIAN

Consider the neutral difference equation \[\Delta(x_n- cx_{n-m})+p_nx_{n-k}=0, n\ge N\qquad (*) \] where $c$ and $p_n$ are real numbers, $k$ and $N$ are nonnegative integers, and $m$ is positive integer. We show that if \[\sum_{n=N}^\infty |p_n|<\infty \qquad (**) \] then Eq.(*) has a positive solution when $c \neq 1$. However, an interesting example is also given which shows that (**) does not imply that (*) has a positive solution when $c =1$.


2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Hongjian Xi ◽  
Taixiang Sun ◽  
Bin Qin ◽  
Hui Wu

We consider the following difference equationxn+1=xn-1g(xn),n=0,1,…,where initial valuesx-1,x0∈[0,+∞)andg:[0,+∞)→(0,1]is a strictly decreasing continuous surjective function. We show the following. (1) Every positive solution of this equation converges toa,0,a,0,…,or0,a,0,a,…for somea∈[0,+∞). (2) Assumea∈(0,+∞). Then the set of initial conditions(x-1,x0)∈(0,+∞)×(0,+∞)such that the positive solutions of this equation converge toa,0,a,0,…,or0,a,0,a,…is a unique strictly increasing continuous function or an empty set.


2007 ◽  
Vol 2007 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stevo Stevic

This paper studies the boundedness, global attractivity, and periodicity of the positive solutions of the difference equationxn+1=A+xnp/xn−1p,n∈ℕ0, withp,A∈(0,∞). The main results give a complete picture regarding the boundedness character of the positive solutions of the equation.


2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Awad A. Bakery

We give in this work the sufficient conditions on the positive solutions of the difference equationxn+1=α+(xn-1m/xnk),  n=0,1,…, whereα,k, andm∈(0,∞)under positive initial conditionsx-1,  x0to be bounded,α-convergent, the equilibrium point to be globally asymptotically stable and that every positive solution converges to a prime two-periodic solution. Our results coincide with that known for the casesm=k=1of Amleh et al. (1999) andm=1of Hamza and Morsy (2009). We offer improving conditions in the case ofm=1of Gümüs and Öcalan (2012) and explain our results by some numerical examples with figures.


2010 ◽  
Vol 2010 ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Xiu-Mei Jia ◽  
Wan-Tong Li

We investigate the local stability, prime period-two solutions, boundedness, invariant intervals, and global attractivity of all positive solutions of the following difference equation: , , where the parameters and the initial conditions . We show that the unique positive equilibrium of this equation is a global attractor under certain conditions.


2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiuli He ◽  
Chunyan Tao ◽  
Taixiang Sun ◽  
Xinhe Liu ◽  
Dongwei Su

We investigate the periodic nature of the positive solutions of the fuzzy max-difference equationxn+1=maxAn/xn-m,xn-k,n=0,1,…, wherek,m∈{1,2,…},Anis a periodic sequence of fuzzy numbers, andx-d,x-d+1,…,x0are positive fuzzy numbers withd=m,k. We show that every positive solution of this equation is eventually periodic with periodk+1.


2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehmet Gümüş ◽  
Özkan Öcalan ◽  
Nilüfer B. Felah

We investigate the boundedness character, the oscillatory, and the periodic character of positive solutions of the difference equation , where , , and the initial conditions are arbitrary positive numbers. We investigate the boundedness character for . Also, we investigate the existence of a prime two periodic solution for is odd. Moreover, when is even, we prove that there are no prime two periodic solutions of the equation above.


2008 ◽  
Vol 2008 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fangkuan Sun

We study the asymptotic behavior of positive solutions to the difference equationxn=max{A/xn-1α,B/xn−2β},n=0,1,…,where0<α, β<1, A,B>0. We prove that every positive solution to this equation converges tox∗=max{A1/(α+1),B1/(β+1)}.


2008 ◽  
Vol 2008 ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. M. E. Zayed ◽  
A. B. Shamardan ◽  
T. A. Nofal

We study the global stability, the periodic character, and the boundedness character of the positive solutions of the difference equation , , in the two cases: (i) ; (ii) , where the coefficients and, and the initial conditions are real numbers. We show that the positive equilibrium of this equation is a global attractor with a basin that depends on certain conditions posed on the coefficients of this equation.


Mathematics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
pp. 938
Author(s):  
Guangwang Su ◽  
Taixiang Sun ◽  
Bin Qin

Our aim in this paper is to investigate the convergence behavior of the positive solutions of a higher order fuzzy difference equation and show that all positive solutions of this equation converge to its unique positive equilibrium under appropriate assumptions. Furthermore, we give two examples to account for the applicability of the main result of this paper.


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