scholarly journals Epidemiology of Community-Acquired Pneumonia in Edmonton, Alberta: An Emergency Department-Based Study

2005 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 139-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas J Marrie ◽  
Jane Q Huang
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Emergency Department ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Admission Rate ◽  
Community Acquired Pneumonia ◽  
Seasonal Effect ◽  
Admission Rates ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Number Of Patients

Patients aged 17 years and older who presented to seven emergency departments in Edmonton, Alberta over a two-year period with community-acquired pneumonia (n=8144) were studied. The admission rates were 271/100,00 and 296/100,000 persons for year 1 and year 2 of the study, respectively. The admission rate increased with increasing age, peaking at 4639/100,000/year for those 90 years of age and older. In contrast, the percentage of patients who were admitted to an intensive care unit was highest for those in the younger age groups between 17 and 59 years of age. From 59 years of age and older, there was a progressive decline in the percentage of patients admitted to an intensive care unit, with approximately 1% of those in the 90 years and older age group admitted. A pronounced seasonal effect on the number of patients presenting to emergency department was also noted. During the winter months, there was up to a 50% increase in the number of cases compared with the summer months.

scholarly journals Pure Viral Sepsis Secondary to Community-Acquired Pneumonia in Adults: Risk and Prognostic Factors

2019 ◽  
Vol 220 (7) ◽  
pp. 1166-1171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catia Cillóniz ◽  
Cristina Dominedò ◽  
Daniel Magdaleno ◽  
Miquel Ferrer ◽  
Albert Gabarrús ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Emergency Department ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Prognostic Factors ◽  
Community Acquired Pneumonia ◽  
Adult Patients ◽  
Increased Risk

AbstractWe investigated the risk and prognostic factors of pure viral sepsis in adult patients with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP), using the Sepsis-3 definition. Pure viral sepsis was found in 3% of all patients (138 of 4028) admitted to the emergency department with a diagnosis of CAP, 19% of those with CAP (138 of 722) admitted to the intensive care unit, and 61% of those (138 of 225) with a diagnosis of viral CAP. Our data indicate that males and patients aged ≥65 years are at increased risk of viral sepsis.

scholarly journals Audit of the Wheat Pill Cases at Medicolegal Clinic Mayo Hospital Lahore

2021 ◽  
pp. 86-90
Author(s):  
Kanwal Zahra ◽  
Maryam Shahid ◽  
Waqas Aslam ◽  
Usman Shahid Butt ◽  
Nida Zahra
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Emergency Department ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Descriptive Study ◽  
Monthly Basis ◽  
History Of ◽  
Medical University ◽  
Time Of Admission

Objective: To determine the audit of wheat pill cases at medicolegal clinic of Mayo Hospital Lahore. Materials and Methods: This descriptive study was conducted at Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology (medicolegal clinic), King Edward Medical University Lahore. This audit was of 9 months from September 2020 to May 2021. Patients presented at emergency department with attempt of wheat pills poisoning of all age groups and both genders were included. Cases were diagnosis via history of wheat pills consumption by the relatives. All the cases were given primary recovery and were shifted to the Intensive Care Unit (ICU). Data was collected on monthly basis form September 2020 to May 2021. All the data was collected via study proforma. Results: Total 49 wheat pill cases were observed during 9 months, their mean age was 29.26±12.68 years. Out of all 51.0% were males and 49.0% were females. Labourer males and housewives were most common 34.7% and 40.8% respectively. Frequency of wheat pill cases were high in months of September, October and May. At the time of admission 59.2% cases were seen conscious, 36.7% were semiconscious and 4.1% were unconscious. Out of all 59.2% were died. Conclusion: This study observed that the wheat pills are highly toxic with the quick and high mortality rate. Strict legislations are recommended to the sale control of these pills all over the country.

Persistence of the Decline in the Diagnosis of Schizophrenia Among First Admissions to Scottish Hospitals from 1969 to 1988

1993 ◽  
Vol 163 (5) ◽  
pp. 620-626 ◽  
Author(s):  
John R. Geddes ◽  
Roger J. Black ◽  
Lawrence J. Whalley ◽  
John M. Eagles
Keyword(s):  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Admission Rate ◽  
Cohort Effect ◽  
Affective Psychoses ◽  
Admission Rates ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Birth Cohort Effect ◽  
First Admission

Age-standardised rates were calculated for first admissions to hospital in Scotland with ICD-9 diagnoses of schizophrenia, affective psychoses, paranoid psychoses, reactive psychoses and depressive neuroses (ICD-9 295, 296, 297, 298 and 300.4) for the period 1969–88. First-admission rates for schizophrenia declined by an average of 3.3% per year in males and 4.4% per year in females over the period. The first-admission rate in males in 1988 was 8.4/100 000 (57% of 1969 rate) and in females was 4.8/100 000 (43% of 1969 rate). Rates for depressive neuroses, affective psychoses, reactive psychoses and combined psychoses also fell. Rates for mania rose, as did those for paranoid states in males. The decrease in first-admission rates is likely to reflect a true decrease in the incidence of schizophrenia over the period. The decline was unlikely to be accounted for by diagnostic change because there was no reciprocal increase in any other diagnosis sufficient to account for the change, and the rates for combined psychoses also decreased. There was evidence that rates for schizophrenia declined to a greater extent in younger age groups, especially in females. This could imply the presence of a birth cohort effect.

scholarly journals Usefulness of CURB-65 and Pneumonia Severity Index for Influenza A H1N1v pneumonia

2015 ◽  
Vol 77 (3-4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Angel Estella
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Emergency Department ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Pneumonia Severity Index ◽  
Severity Index ◽  
Community Acquired Pneumonia ◽  
Class V ◽  
Pneumonia Severity ◽  
Medical Wards

Background. Different prognostic scales have been documented to assess the severity and indications for hospitalization and ICU admissions of community acquired pneumonia. During the past two years Influenza A H1N1v infections have been commonly attended to in emergency departments. The aim of the study was to analyse the usefulness of the application of the Pneumonia Severity Index (PSI) and CURB-65 prognostic scales in patients with primary viral pneumonia caused by influenza A H1N1v. Methods. A retrospective study was performed at a community hospital with a 17 bed-Intensive Care Unit. Patients admitted in hospital with influenza A H1N1v pneumonia over a two year period were analysed. CURB 65 and PSI scales were applied in the emergency department and outcome and destination of admission were analysed. Results. 24 patients were registered, 19 required ICU admission and 5 patients were admitted in medical wards. Most of the patients admitted to the intensive care unit (78.9%) required mechanical ventilation. Mortality was 21.1%. Most patients admitted to the ICU had CURB 65 scale of 1 (60%), 13.3% obtained 0 and 26.7% 2. PSI scale resulted class I in a 20%, class II 40%, 26.7% class IV and 13.3% class V. The scales CURB 65 and PSI showed no differences in scores according to the destination of admission and mortality. Conclusions. Use of CURB-65 and PSI in the emergency department may underestimate the risk of patients with Influenza A H1N1v pneumonia. Based in our results, the ability of these scales to predict ICU admissions for Influenza A H1N1v pneumonia is questioned.

scholarly journals A Peculiar Case of Invasive Streptococcus pneumoniae

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Adeel Rafi Ahmed ◽  
Liam Townsend ◽  
Helen Tuite ◽  
Catherine Fleming
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Emergency Department ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Streptococcus Pneumoniae ◽  
Respiratory Distress ◽  
Multiorgan Failure ◽  
Community Acquired Pneumonia ◽  
Icu Admission ◽  
Severe Community Acquired Pneumonia ◽  
Peculiar Case

Patients commonly present to the emergency department with acute respiratory distress; however, the differentials are broad and at times difficult to distinguish. We describe a case of severe community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) secondary to invasive Streptococcus pneumoniae. The patient was intubated within 3 h of presentation and suffered multiorgan failure within 72 h of intensive care unit (ICU) admission. This case is a stark illustration of how the most common bacteria associated with CAP can be fatal and highlights the associated markers of severity. It also outlines other potential complications including a very rare phenomenon of cardiomyopathy with myocarditis associated with S. pneumoniae bacteraemia.

scholarly journals Predictive and prognostic roles of electrical cardiometry in noninvasive assessments of community-acquired pneumonia patients with dyspnoea

2019 ◽  
pp. 102490791986064
Author(s):  
Kyungil Gho ◽  
Seon Hee Woo ◽  
Sang Moog Lee ◽  
Ki Cheol Park ◽  
Gyeong Nam Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Emergency Department ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Intensive Care Unit Admission ◽  
Community Acquired Pneumonia ◽  
Partial Pressure Of Oxygen ◽  
Electrical Cardiometry ◽  
Fluid Content ◽  
Arterial Partial Pressure ◽  
Pneumonia Patient

Background: Thoracic impedance monitoring able to detect pneumonia in the very early phase of emerging infiltration prior the patient developed remarkable clinical symptoms. However, no studies have yet been conducted on the usefulness of predicting pneumonia patient outcomes with parameters from electrical cardiometry. Objective: In the present study, we evaluated whether parameters measured by electrical cardiometry can predict clinical outcomes including mortality and length of hospital stay in patients with community-acquired pneumonia in the emergency department. Methods: Demographic, clinical and laboratory data were collected from enrolled patient. Electrical cardiometry monitoring was done with a portable electrical cardiometry device connected to the body surface sensor. The continuous data from electrical cardiometry were recorded, and parameters were stored on the electrical cardiometry device automatically and then the data were downloaded for further analysis. Results: Thoracic fluid content has shown to be significantly higher in the intensive care unit admission group and in the death group. Expired patients had higher value of thoracic fluid content at emergency department admission. From a receiver operating characteristics curve analysis, thoracic fluid content presented fair AUC values of 0.72 (95% confidence interval, 0.71–0.74) and 0.73 (0.62–0.82) for prediction of 28-day mortality and intensive care unit admission. Arterial partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2), the ratio of arterial partial pressure of oxygen to inspired oxygen fraction (PaO2/FiO2 ratio) also showed excellent AUC value for prediction of mortality and intensive care unit admission. Conclusion: Electrical cardiometry monitoring indicated new possibility to anticipate prognosis of community-acquired pneumonia patient. Increased thoracic fluid content value would relate worse outcome of the patient like mortality and intensive care unit admission. Electrical cardiometry monitoring allows real-time measurements of thoracic fluid content without restraining the patient or invasive catheters.

scholarly journals Evidence of High Mortality and Increasing Burden of Sepsis in a Regional Sample of the New Zealand Population

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul J Huggan ◽  
Anita Bell ◽  
James Waetford ◽  
Zuzanna Obertova ◽  
Ross Lawrenson
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Multiorgan Failure ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Admission Rate ◽  
The United States ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Socioeconomic Deprivation ◽  
Zealand Population

Abstract Background Sepsis is a life-threatening complication of infection. The incidence of sepsis is thought to be on the increase, but estimates making use of administrative data in the United States may be affected by administrative bias. Methods We studied the population-based incidence of sepsis in the Waikato region of New Zealand from 2007 to 2012 using International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision, Australian Modification, which lacks a specific code for sepsis. Results Between 2007 and 2012, 1643 patients met coding criteria for sepsis in our hospitals. Sixty-three percent of patients were 65 or over, 17% of cases were admitted to an intensive care unit, and the in-hospital and 1-year mortality with sepsis was 19% and 38%, respectively. Age-standardized rate ratios (ASRRs) demonstrated that sepsis was associated with male sex (ASRR 1.4; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.23–1.59), Maori ethnicity (ASRR 3.22 compared with non-Maori; 95% CI, 2.85–3.65), study year (ASRR 1.62 comparing 2012 with 2008; 95% CI, 1.18–2.24), and socioeconomic deprivation (ASRR 1.72 comparing the highest with the lowest quintile of socioeconomic deprivation; 95% CI, 1.5–1.97). Multiorgan failure was present in approximately 20% of cases in all age groups. Intensive care unit admission rate fell from 30% amongst 25- to 34-year-olds to less than 10% amongst those aged 75 and over. Conclusions In a 9% sample of the New Zealand population, the incidence of sepsis increased by 62% over a 5-year period. Maori, elderly, and disadvantaged populations were most affected.

scholarly journals ETYMOLOGICAL PECULIARITIES OF MODERN ACUTE RESPIRATORY VIRAL INFECTIONS IN CHILDREN OF EARLY AGE HOSPITALIZED TO THE INTENSIVE CARE UNIT

2018 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 101-107
Author(s):  
S. V. Khaliullina ◽  
V. A. Anokhin ◽  
K. Yu. Demidenko ◽  
E. V. Nyagashkina ◽  
K. R. Khaliullina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Respiratory Failure ◽  
Young Children ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Influenza Viruses ◽  
Parainfluenza Viruses ◽  
Rhinovirus Infection ◽  
Number Of Patients

Objective: to estimate the prevalence and clinical-epidemiological features of acute respiratory infections of various etiology in children of the first three years of life, hospitalized to the intensive care unit of a children’sinfectious hospital.150 children of the first three years of life of the total number of patients, hospitalized to the intensive care unit of the Republican Clinical Infectious Diseases Hospital of Kazan with a severe ARI, were randomly selected. The design of the research was consistent with the observational analytic.Results: the etiology of  ARI was interpreted in  74% (95% CI 67–81), 111/150 cases. Rhinovirus infection is the main cause of development of severe forms of ARI in young children; in second place – influenza viruses – 13.9-28.7% in different age groups. Clinically significant in all age groups were respiratory syncitial viruses (7.1–16.7%), in children up to one year – parainfluenza viruses (13.9% (95% CI 6–21.8), 10/72, and in  patients older than 2 years  – adenoviruses (12–14.2%). Seasonal rise in  the incidence of ARI was noted in the cold season. It was caused by influenza viruses, respiratory syncitial viruses, parainfluenza viruses. In the summer months, the rhino-, metapneumo- and adenoviruses were most common. The expressed general toxic effects that caused hospitalization were recorded in 66% (95% CI 58.4–73.6), 99/150 of the examined patients, manifestations of respiratory failure was detected in 58% (95% CI 50.1–65.9), 87/150.Conclusions: the leading causes of development of  severe forms of ARI in young children are rhinoviruses, influenza viruses and the respiratory syncitial virus. They are associated with: respiratory tract diseases with respiratory failure, a symptom complex of  toxicosis. Previously thought «harmless», rhinovirus infection is becoming a leader in  the range of  causes of  severe forms of respiratory infections in young children. 

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