scholarly journals Circulating Nucleic Acids in Plasma or Serum (CNAPS) as Prognostic and Predictive Markers in Patients with Solid Neoplasias

2005 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 105-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Georg Goebel ◽  
Marion Zitt ◽  
Matthias Zitt ◽  
Hannes M. Müller
Keyword(s):  
Nucleic Acids ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Therapy Monitoring ◽  
Specific Treatment ◽  
Genetic Alterations ◽  
Neoplastic Disease ◽  
Dna Microsatellites ◽  
Technical Improvement ◽  
Treatment Regimens ◽  
Circulating Nucleic Acids

It is now widely accepted that there is a need for the development of molecular markers of cancer that can be used for clinical prognostication and monitoring. Approximately a decade ago tumor-derived circulating nucleic acids in the plasma or serum (CNAPS) of cancer patients were introduced as a noninvasive tool for cancer detection. This review focuses on the various types of CNAPS of patients with solid neoplasias (genetic alterations in circulating DNA, microsatellites, methylated DNA, viral DNA, nucleosomes, mitochondrial DNA and cell-free mRNA) and their putative potential as prognostic or predictive parameter or even as a tool for therapy monitoring during follow-up. Additionally, this review aims to point out the difference between a prognostic and a predictive factor in patient bloodstream. However, with rapid technical improvement and well-designed studies we conclude that the next years will see CNAPS analysis integrated in the prognostication and monitoring of cancer patients, thus producing more specific treatment regimens for patients with various stages of neoplastic disease and ultimately longer survival and better quality of life.

scholarly journals DNA Methylation in Colorectal cancer—Impact on Screening and Therapy Monitoring Modalities?

2007 ◽  
Vol 23 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 51-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marion Zitt ◽  
Matthias Zitt ◽  
Hannes M. Müller
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Therapy Monitoring ◽  
Specific Treatment ◽  
Genetic Alterations ◽  
Neoplastic Disease ◽  
Aberrant Methylation ◽  
Colon Polyps ◽  
Histological Progression

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a common malignancy. It arises from benign neoplasms and evolves into adenocarcinomas through a stepwise histological progression sequence, proceeding from either adenomas or hyperplastic polyps/serrated adenomas. Genetic alterations have been associated with specific steps in this adenoma-carcinoma sequence and are believed to drive the histological progression of CRC. Recently, epigenetic alterations (especially DNA methylation) have been shown to occur in colon polyps and CRC. The aberrant methylation of genes appears to act together with genetic alterations to drive the initiation and progression of colon polyps to CRC.DNA methylation changes have been recognized as one of the most common molecular alterations in human tumors, including CRC. Because of the ubiquity of DNA methylation changes and the ability to detect methylated DNA in several body fluids (blood, stool), this specifically altered DNA may serve, on the one hand, as a possible new screening marker for CRC and, on the other hand, as a tool for therapy monitoring in patients having had neoplastic disease of the colorectum.As many CRC patients present with advanced disease, early detection seems to be one of the most important approaches to reduce mortality. Therefore, an effective screening test would have substantial clinical benefits. Furthermore, early detection of progression of disease in patients having had CRC permits immediate commencement of specific treatment regimens (e.g. curative resection of liver and lung metastases) and probably longer survival and better quality of life.

scholarly journals Cell-free nucleic acids in plasma, serum and urine: a new tool in molecular diagnosis

2003 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 122-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allen K. C. Chan ◽  
Rossa W. K. Chiu ◽  
Y. M. Dennis Lo
Keyword(s):  
Prenatal Diagnosis ◽  
Nucleic Acids ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Cancer Diagnosis ◽  
Diagnostic Tool ◽  
Clinical Use ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Circulating Nucleic Acids ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Serum And Urine

There has recently been an upsurge of interest in the analysis of circulating nucleic acids (DNA and/or RNA) in blood plasma or serum as a clinical diagnostic tool. Occasional earlier reports suggested the existence of circulating nucleic acids, but the potential clinical implication was not realized until 1996, when DNA with tumour-specific characteristics was demonstrated in the plasma/serum of cancer patients. This finding opened up possibilities for non-invasive cancer diagnosis. Potential applications have been reported in cancer diagnosis, prenatal diagnosis, transplantation and traumatology. Some of the findings are on the verge of being translated into clinical use. DNA is also now being sought in other body fluids such as urine.

The impact of non-tumor-derived circulating nucleic acids implicates the prognosis of non-small cell lung cancer

2012 ◽  
Vol 139 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chanida Vinayanuwattikun ◽  
Pakorn Winayanuwattikun ◽  
Poonchavist Chantranuwat ◽  
Apiwat Mutirangura ◽  
Virote Sriuranpong
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Nucleic Acids ◽  
Small Cell Lung Cancer ◽  
Cell Lung Cancer ◽  
Small Cell ◽  
Small Cell Lung ◽  
Circulating Nucleic Acids ◽  
The Impact
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document