scholarly journals Stability of Human Gallbladder Bile: Effect of Freezing

2001 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 363-366 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Janowitz ◽  
Richard Mason ◽  
Wolfgang Kratzer
Keyword(s):  
Saturation Index ◽  
Gallbladder Bile ◽  
Needle Puncture ◽  
Nucleation Time ◽  
Human Gallbladder ◽  
Fine Needle ◽  
Cholesterol Saturation ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Cholesterol Saturation Index ◽  
Fine Needle Puncture

In the present study, the stability of the most essential biliary parameters of human gallbladder bile at -18°C was examined over several months. In 12 patients with gallstone disease (10 female, two male; 52.1±13.3 years of age), bile was obtained through fine needle puncture of the gallbladder under local anesthetic. The concentrations of total lipids, cholesterol, phospholipids and bile acids, and the cholesterol saturation index and crystal appearance time were determined before and after freezing over a mean period of 4.38±2.9 months. Gallbladder bile obtained by fine needle puncture has proved to be of excellent quality. The total lipid concentration was unchanged before (8.30±4.16 g/dL) and after freezing (9.16±4.54 g/dL, P=0.6027). The biliary cholesterol, phospholipids and bile acid concentrations, and cholesterol saturation index showed no statistically significant differences before and after freezing. A significant difference arises in the context of subdivision of the group to the nucleation time. Before freezing, most patients had a nucleation time between five and eight days, which shortened to between one and four days after thawing (P=0.0100). The authors conclude that, with the exception of the nucleation time, human gallbladder bile can be stored at -18°C for four months with stability of major lipid components.

Simvastatin, a competitive inhibitor of HMG-CoA reductase, lowers cholesterol saturation index of gallbladder bile

Hepatology ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 1147-1150 ◽  
Author(s):  
William C. Duane ◽  
Donald B. Hunninghake ◽  
Martin L. Freeman ◽  
Pete A. Pooler ◽  
Linda A. Schlasner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saturation Index ◽  
Competitive Inhibitor ◽  
Gallbladder Bile ◽  
Hmg Coa Reductase ◽  
Cholesterol Saturation ◽  
Cholesterol Saturation Index ◽  
Coa Reductase

Bile concentration is a key factor for nucleation of cholesterol crystals and cholesterol saturation index in gallbladder bile of gallstone patients

Hepatology ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karel J. Van Erpecum ◽  
Gerard P. Berge Van Henegouwen ◽  
Bregt Stoelwinder ◽  
Yvonne M. G. Schmidt ◽  
Frans L. H. Willekens
Keyword(s):  
Saturation Index ◽  
Gallbladder Bile ◽  
Cholesterol Crystals ◽  
Bile Concentration ◽  
Cholesterol Saturation ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Cholesterol Saturation Index

scholarly journals Effect of endoscopic sphincterotomy on gall bladder bile lithogenicity and motility

Gut ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 288-292 ◽  
Author(s):  
B C Sharma ◽  
D K Agarwal ◽  
S S Baijal ◽  
T S Negi ◽  
G Choudhuri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gall Bladder ◽  
Endoscopic Sphincterotomy ◽  
Saturation Index ◽  
Gallstone Disease ◽  
Nucleation Time ◽  
Bile Composition ◽  
Bladder Calculi ◽  
Cholesterol Saturation ◽  
Diseased Gall Bladder ◽  
Cholesterol Saturation Index

Background—Endoscopic sphincterotomy has been shown to inhibit stone formation in the gall bladder of experimental animals.Aims—To investigate the alterations in bile composition and gall bladder motility after endoscopic sphincterotomy.Patients—A study was performed of gall bladder bile composition and gall bladder motility in patients with gallstone disease ((n = 20; age 40–60 years, median age 55 years: seven men), with gall bladder calculi (n = 12) and with diseased gall bladder (chronic inflammation) without gall bladder calculi (n = 8)), who had received endoscopic sphincterotomy for common bile duct stones. Age and sex matched disease controls comprised 20 patients with gallstone disease but without stones and an intact sphincter of Oddi (with gall bladder calculi (n = 10) and diseased gall bladder without gall bladder calculi (n = 10)).Methods—Gall bladder motility was assessed by ultrasound. Duodenal bile collected by nasoduodenal tube after stimulation of gall bladder by intravenous ceruletid infusion was analysed for cholesterol, phospholipid, and bile acid concentrations, cholesterol saturation index, and nucleation time.Results—There was a significant reduction in mean (SEM) fasting volume (12.5 (1.7) ml v 26.4 (2.5) ml; p<0.001) and mean (SEM) residual volume (4.34 (0.9) ml v14.7 (0.98) ml; p<0.001), and increase in mean (SEM) ejection fraction (65.7 (4.2)% v 43.6 (5.52)%; p<0.001) and mean (SEM) rate constant of gall bladder emptying (−0.031/min v−0.020/min; p<0.01) in patients who had been subjected to endoscopic sphincterotomy. Median nucleation time was significantly longer (17 days v 6 days; p<0.006) in treated patients. There was a reduction in total mean (SEM) lipid concentrations (6.73 (0.32) g/dlv 7.72 (0.84) g/dl; p<0.05), cholesterol (5.6 (1.5) mmol/l v 10.3 (2.23) mmol/l; p<0.001) and CSI (0.72 (0.15) v 1.32 (0.31); p<0.001). There was no significant change in mean (SEM) phospholipid (25.6 (3.5) mmol/l v23.4 (6.28) mmol/l) and bile acid (93.7 (7.31) mmol/l v105.07 (16.6) mmol/l) concentrations.Conclusions—After endoscopic sphincterotomy there was enhanced contractility of the gall bladder, accompanied by a prolongation of nucleation time and reduction in cholesterol saturation index.

Enrichment of bile with tauroursodeoxycholic acid and biliary cholesterol saturation in hamsters

1982 ◽  
Vol 243 (5) ◽  
pp. G424-G427
Author(s):  
B. Handelsman ◽  
G. Bonorris ◽  
J. W. Marks ◽  
L. J. Schoenfield
Keyword(s):  
Ursodeoxycholic Acid ◽  
Saturation Index ◽  
Saturation Indices ◽  
Biliary Cholesterol ◽  
Molar Percentage ◽  
Lithogenic Diet ◽  
Cholesterol Saturation ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Ketamine Anesthesia ◽  
Lower Saturation

Three groups of golden Syrian hamsters were fed equimolar amounts of taurine-conjugated ursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA) or unconjugated ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) with or without excess taurine for 2 wk. They also received a lithogenic diet composed of standard rodent chow containing ethynylestradiol and increased cholesterol. Bile was obtained from the gallbladder after ketamine anesthesia and analyzed for biliary lipids. The percentage of biliary UDCA was higher with TUDCA (38.5 +/- 3.7) than with UDCA plus taurine (26.5 +/- 2.0, P less than 0.01). The glycine-to-taurine ratio of biliary UDCA conjugates was lower with TUDCA (0.9 +/- 0.1) than with UDCA plus taurine (2.1 +/- 0.2, P less than 0.01) and was highest with UDCA without taurine (4.1 +/- 0.1, P less than 0.01). Biliary cholesterol (molar percentage) and the cholesterol saturation indices with or without correction for UDCA-rich bile were significantly lower with TUDCA than with unconjugated UDCA with or without added taurine. In conclusion, administration for 2 wk of TUDCA, compared with an equimolar amount of unconjugated UDCA plus taurine, produced in the bile of hamsters a higher percentage of UDCA, a lower glycine-to-taurine ratio of UDCA conjugates, and a lower saturation index before and after adjustment for UDCA-rich bile.

Anti-cholelithogenic effect of dietary tender cluster beans (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba) on the formation of cholesterol gallstones in mice

2014 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 152-157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chikkanna K. Raghavendra ◽  
Krihnapura Srinivasan
Keyword(s):  
Cholesterol Gallstone ◽  
Saturation Index ◽  
Liver Cholesterol ◽  
Cyamopsis Tetragonoloba ◽  
Cholesterol Gallstones ◽  
Lithogenic Diet ◽  
Cholesterol Saturation ◽  
Freeze Dried ◽  
Phospholipid Ratio ◽  
Cholesterol Saturation Index

Providing a lithogenic diet that contains 0.5% cholesterol to experimental mice for 10 weeks resulted in cholesterol supersaturation in gallbladder bile, which induced the formation of cholesterol gallstones. In this study, to evaluate the anti-cholelithogenic potential of dietary tender cluster bean, a freeze-dried powder of the test legume was included in the lithogenic diet at 5%, 10%, and 15%. Dietary cluster beans reduced the cholesterol gallstone incidence by 43%, 46%, and 58% at the respective doses. Dietary cluster beans markedly reduced biliary cholesterol and, hence, the cholesterol saturation index. This was corroborated by the beneficial modification of the cholesterol/phospholipid ratio and the cholesterol/bile acid ratio in the bile. Dietary cluster beans countered the alterations in serum and liver cholesterol and lipid profiles caused by the lithogenic diet. Thus, dietary tender cluster beans exerted an anti-cholelithogenic influence by decreasing cholesterol hypersecretion into bile and, hence, the cholesterol saturation index, decreasing the formation of lithogenic bile in experimental mice.

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