Bile concentration is a key factor for nucleation of cholesterol crystals and cholesterol saturation index in gallbladder bile of gallstone patients

Hepatology ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karel J. Van Erpecum ◽  
Gerard P. Berge Van Henegouwen ◽  
Bregt Stoelwinder ◽  
Yvonne M. G. Schmidt ◽  
Frans L. H. Willekens
Keyword(s):  
Saturation Index ◽  
Gallbladder Bile ◽  
Cholesterol Crystals ◽  
Bile Concentration ◽  
Cholesterol Saturation ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Cholesterol Saturation Index

scholarly journals Stability of Human Gallbladder Bile: Effect of Freezing

2001 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 363-366 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Janowitz ◽  
Richard Mason ◽  
Wolfgang Kratzer
Keyword(s):  
Saturation Index ◽  
Gallbladder Bile ◽  
Needle Puncture ◽  
Nucleation Time ◽  
Human Gallbladder ◽  
Fine Needle ◽  
Cholesterol Saturation ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Cholesterol Saturation Index ◽  
Fine Needle Puncture

In the present study, the stability of the most essential biliary parameters of human gallbladder bile at -18°C was examined over several months. In 12 patients with gallstone disease (10 female, two male; 52.1±13.3 years of age), bile was obtained through fine needle puncture of the gallbladder under local anesthetic. The concentrations of total lipids, cholesterol, phospholipids and bile acids, and the cholesterol saturation index and crystal appearance time were determined before and after freezing over a mean period of 4.38±2.9 months. Gallbladder bile obtained by fine needle puncture has proved to be of excellent quality. The total lipid concentration was unchanged before (8.30±4.16 g/dL) and after freezing (9.16±4.54 g/dL, P=0.6027). The biliary cholesterol, phospholipids and bile acid concentrations, and cholesterol saturation index showed no statistically significant differences before and after freezing. A significant difference arises in the context of subdivision of the group to the nucleation time. Before freezing, most patients had a nucleation time between five and eight days, which shortened to between one and four days after thawing (P=0.0100). The authors conclude that, with the exception of the nucleation time, human gallbladder bile can be stored at -18°C for four months with stability of major lipid components.

Simvastatin, a competitive inhibitor of HMG-CoA reductase, lowers cholesterol saturation index of gallbladder bile

Hepatology ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 1147-1150 ◽  
Author(s):  
William C. Duane ◽  
Donald B. Hunninghake ◽  
Martin L. Freeman ◽  
Pete A. Pooler ◽  
Linda A. Schlasner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saturation Index ◽  
Competitive Inhibitor ◽  
Gallbladder Bile ◽  
Hmg Coa Reductase ◽  
Cholesterol Saturation ◽  
Cholesterol Saturation Index ◽  
Coa Reductase

Anti-cholelithogenic effect of dietary tender cluster beans (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba) on the formation of cholesterol gallstones in mice

2014 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 152-157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chikkanna K. Raghavendra ◽  
Krihnapura Srinivasan
Keyword(s):  
Cholesterol Gallstone ◽  
Saturation Index ◽  
Liver Cholesterol ◽  
Cyamopsis Tetragonoloba ◽  
Cholesterol Gallstones ◽  
Lithogenic Diet ◽  
Cholesterol Saturation ◽  
Freeze Dried ◽  
Phospholipid Ratio ◽  
Cholesterol Saturation Index

Providing a lithogenic diet that contains 0.5% cholesterol to experimental mice for 10 weeks resulted in cholesterol supersaturation in gallbladder bile, which induced the formation of cholesterol gallstones. In this study, to evaluate the anti-cholelithogenic potential of dietary tender cluster bean, a freeze-dried powder of the test legume was included in the lithogenic diet at 5%, 10%, and 15%. Dietary cluster beans reduced the cholesterol gallstone incidence by 43%, 46%, and 58% at the respective doses. Dietary cluster beans markedly reduced biliary cholesterol and, hence, the cholesterol saturation index. This was corroborated by the beneficial modification of the cholesterol/phospholipid ratio and the cholesterol/bile acid ratio in the bile. Dietary cluster beans countered the alterations in serum and liver cholesterol and lipid profiles caused by the lithogenic diet. Thus, dietary tender cluster beans exerted an anti-cholelithogenic influence by decreasing cholesterol hypersecretion into bile and, hence, the cholesterol saturation index, decreasing the formation of lithogenic bile in experimental mice.

scholarly journals Gallstone Formation Follows a Different Trajectory in Bariatric Patients Compared to Nonbariatric Patients

Metabolites ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 682
Author(s):  
Sylke Haal ◽  
Maimoena S. S. Guman ◽  
Yair I. Z. Acherman ◽  
Johannes P. G. Jansen ◽  
Michel van Weeghel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bariatric Surgery ◽  
Saturation Index ◽  
Gallstone Formation ◽  
Gallbladder Bile ◽  
Gallbladder Emptying ◽  
Cholesterol Gallstones ◽  
Interesting Pattern ◽  
Lipid Species ◽  
Cholesterol Saturation Index ◽  
Bariatric Patients

Since obese patients form cholesterol gallstones very rapidly after bariatric surgery, in patients who did not form gallstones during preceding years, we hypothesized that gallstone formation follows a different trajectory in bariatric patients compared to nonbariatric patients. We therefore analyzed the lipid composition of gallbladder bile derived from 18 bariatric gallstone patients and 17 nonbariatric gallstone patients (median (IQR) age, 46.0 (28.0–54.0) years; 33 (94%) female) during laparoscopic cholecystectomy using an enzymatic and lipidomics approach. We observed a higher concentration of total lipids (9.9 vs. 5.8 g/dL), bile acids (157.7 vs. 81.5 mM), cholesterol (10.6 vs. 5.4 mM), and phospholipids (30.4 vs. 21.8 mM) in bariatric gallstone patients compared to nonbariatric gallstone patients. The cholesterol saturation index did not significantly differ between the two groups. Lipidomics analysis revealed an interesting pattern. Enhanced amounts of a number of lipid species were found in the gallbladder bile of nonbariatric gallstone patients. Most striking was a fivefold higher amount of triglyceride. A concomitant ninefold increase of apolipoprotein B was found, suggesting secretion of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins (TRLs) at the canalicular pole of the hepatocyte in livers from nonbariatric gallstone patients. These findings suggest that gallstone formation follows a different trajectory in bariatric patients compared to nonbariatric patients. Impaired gallbladder emptying might explain the rapid gallstone formation after bariatric surgery, while biliary TRL secretion might contribute to gallstone formation in nonbariatric patients.

Effects of fluvastatin on biliary lipids in subjects with an elevated cholesterol saturation index

2001 ◽  
Vol 56 (12) ◽  
pp. 873-879 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mustafa Porsch-Özçürümez ◽  
Philip Daniel Hardt ◽  
Henning Schnell-Kretschmer ◽  
Klaus von Bergmann ◽  
Cyrill Darui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saturation Index ◽  
Biliary Lipids ◽  
Cholesterol Saturation ◽  
Elevated Cholesterol ◽  
Cholesterol Saturation Index
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