Brain Basis of Human Social Interaction: From Concepts to Brain Imaging

2009 ◽  
Vol 89 (2) ◽  
pp. 453-479 ◽  
Author(s):  
Riitta Hari ◽  
Miiamaaria V. Kujala
Keyword(s):  
Social Interaction ◽  
Brain Imaging ◽  
Imaging Study ◽  
Human Mind ◽  
Human Cognition ◽  
Single Person ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Shaping ◽  
Socially Relevant ◽  
And Behavior

Modern neuroimaging provides a common platform for neuroscience and related disciplines to explore the human brain, mind, and behavior. We base our review on the social shaping of the human mind and discuss various aspects of brain function related to social interaction. Despite private mental contents, people can share their understanding of the world using, beyond verbal communication, nonverbal cues such as gestures, facial expressions, and postures. The understanding of nonverbal messages is supported by the brain's mirroring systems that are shaped by individual experience. Within the organism-environment system, tight links exist between action and perception, both within an individual and between several individuals. Therefore, any comprehensive brain imaging study of the neuronal basis of social cognition requires appreciation of the situated and embodied nature of human cognition, motivating simultaneous monitoring of brain and bodily functions within a socially relevant environment. Because single-person studies alone cannot unravel the dynamic aspects of interpersonal interactions, it seems both necessary and beneficial to move towards “two-person neuroscience”; technological shortcomings and a limited conceptual framework have so far hampered such a leap. We conclude by discussing some major disorders of social interaction.

scholarly journals Emotional Intelligence, Its Relation with Social Interaction and Perceived Social Support

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 57
Author(s):  
Albulena Metaj - Macula
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Emotional Intelligence ◽  
Social Interaction ◽  
Interpersonal Communication ◽  
Perceived Social Support ◽  
Positive Relation ◽  
The Social ◽  
Relevant Variables ◽  
Socially Relevant ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

The studty aims to present the Emotional Intelligence construct, and to determine the extent to which Emotional Intelligence influence social interaction and perceived social support. The study reveals important dimensions within the EI construct and emphasizes the relationships between these dimensions and predictive value for social interaction and perceived social support. Studies in the field of Emotional Intelligence, indicate that the this new construct of Intelligence, (EI), operates within the social context, therefore, the examination of socially relevant variables is perceived to be crucial for the results of the study. It has been hypothesised that there is a positive relation between Emotional Intelligence, its dimensions and social interacion and perceived social support. Data were gathered through using a structured questionnaire of Emotional Intelligence ( Schutte, N. S., Malouff, J. M., Hall, L. E., Haggerty, D. J., Cooper, J. T., Golden, C. J., - Dornheim, L. 1998) , Interpersonal Communication Inventory, Millard J. Bienvun, Sr, 1971) for measuring aspects of social interaction, and Multidimensional Scale on Perceived Social Support, (Zimet, Dahlem, Zimet - Farely, 1998). Correlation analysis was used to test the hypothesis of the study. Preliminary results appear to present interesting data and to offer an initial platform for interaction on the importance and relevance of the study and its related variables.

The social route to abstraction: interaction and diversity enhance rule-formation and transfer in a categorization task

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristian Tylén ◽  
Riccardo Fusaroli ◽  
Pernille Smith ◽  
Jakob Arnoldi
Keyword(s):  
Social Interaction ◽  
Problem Solving ◽  
Training Session ◽  
Transfer Task ◽  
Human Cognition ◽  
Cognitive Diversity ◽  
The Social ◽  
Category Formation ◽  
Human Specific ◽  
Problem Representations

Capacities for abstract thinking, category-formation and problem solving are central to human cognition. Processes of abstraction allow the transfer of experiences and knowledge between contexts helping us make informed decisions in new or changing contexts. While we are often inclined to relate such reasoning capacities to individual minds and brains, they may in fact be contingent on human-specific modes of collaboration, dialogue, and shared attention. In an experimental study, we test the hypothesis that social interaction enhances cognitive processes of abstraction, which in turn improves problem solving performance. Through three sessions of increasing complexity, individuals and groups were presented with a problem-solving task requiring them to categorize a set of visual stimuli. To assess the character of participants’ problem representations, we investigated the extent to which participants generalized observations from known to new stimuli during training sessions. Furthermore, after each training session they were presented with a transfer task involving stimuli that differed in appearance, but shared relations among features with the training set. We found that groups were more likely to correctly generalize their observations during the training sessions and performed superior to individuals in the transfer phase, especially in the high complexity session, suggesting that groups formed more abstract problem representations. Crucially, variation in performance among groups was predicted by semantic diversity in members’ dialogical contributions suggesting a link between social interaction, cognitive diversity, and abstraction.

scholarly journals The Social Interaction Ability of Early Age Children was Reviewed from The Lifestyle of Parents 'Hedonism

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-60
Author(s):  
Meidika Bana Klolida Hanum ◽  
Lita Latiana
Keyword(s):  
Social Interaction ◽  
Social Interactions ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Simple Linear Regression ◽  
Research Subjects ◽  
Analysis Techniques ◽  
The Social ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Modern Era ◽  
Research Type

A lively lifestyle found in the modern era is the lifestyle of hedonism. Such a lifestyle is also among parents, seen from the high lifestyle of parents who follow the trend that is famous or booming as much as 71.875%, these parents have an idol or a reference in appearance and behavior. The purpose of this study is that parents pay more attention to their own behavior in order to provide the best examples for children, especially in the development of children's social interactions with their environment, so as to create a good personality in children. This research is a quantitative research type with research subjects of children aged 5-6 years as many as 120 children and is supported by the data of parents of children totaling 120 people in KB-TK HJ. Istriati Baiturahman 2 Semarang. Data collection techniques in this study are using a questionnaire with a scale of children's social interaction abilities, and the lifestyle scale of parental hedonism, while data analysis techniques use simple linear regression. The hypothesis of this study is that there is an influence of parental hedoniseme lifestyle on the social interaction abilities of children aged 5-6 years at KB-TK Hj. Istriati Baiturrahman 2 Semarang.The results of the study are based on statistical calculations, it can be concluded that there is a significant influence on the lifestyle of parental hedonism on children's negative social interaction abilities so that the hypothesis is accepted. The lifestyle of parental hedonism contributed 38.4% to the social interaction ability of children aged 5-6 years at KB-TK HJ. Istriati Baiturahman 2 Semarang.

scholarly journals Social Interaction on Patients with Schizophrenia in Psychiatric Hospital

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 25
Author(s):  
CECILIA INDRI KURNIASARI
Keyword(s):  
Social Interaction ◽  
Social Interactions ◽  
Psychiatric Hospital ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Recovery Process ◽  
Important Indicator ◽  
Behavior Observation ◽  
The Social ◽  
And Behavior

Social interaction is one of important indicator in the recovery process of mental patients, especially in patients with schizophrenia. Active social interactions can help patients with schizophrenia to socialize, while less active social interactions can cause social isolation to the risk of suicide. The purpose of this study was to determine the social interaction of patients with schizophrenia in psychiatric hospital. The number of participant in this study were 52 patients. Sampling with a purposive sampling technique. Data were collected using Social Interaction Questionnaire and Behavior Observation Sheet consisting of 18 statements. The analysis of this study was using univariate analysis with table of frequency distribution. The results showed that social interactions in schizophrenia patients were 45 patients with less active interacting categories, 5 patients with moderately active interacting categories, and 2 patients with active interacting categories. The results of the study can be used as a reference in determining appropriate nursing therapy in increasing social interaction in schizophrenia patients in mental hospitalsKeywords: social interaction; social psychological factors; schizophrenia;

Squeezing Minds From Stones

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Stone Tools ◽  
Human Mind ◽  
Modern Human ◽  
Human Cognition ◽  
Cognitive Archaeology ◽  
The Social ◽  
Archaeological Artifacts ◽  
The Aesthetic ◽  
Material Artifacts

This anthology celebrates 40 years of an archaeology of mind, the investigation of how the modern human mind emerged, as discerned through material artifacts such as the stone tools used throughout the Paleolithic and the hunting technologies and numbers found in the Neolithic. The contributions by established and emerging scholars cover a wide variety of topics in cognitive archaeology, including the evolutionary bases for cognition, how stone tools may reflect the brains and minds of their makers, when and how stone tools move from the practical to the aesthetic, and the social implications of archaeological artifacts and their relationships to attention, language, working memory, materiality, and numbers. The volume concludes with some thoughts by archaeologist Thomas Wynn, one of the field’s most distinguished pioneers, on how cognitive archaeology contributes to our understanding of human cognition and mainstream cognitive science.

scholarly journals Abel: Integrating Humanoid Body, Emotions, and Time Perception to Investigate Social Interaction and Human Cognition

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 1070
Author(s):  
Lorenzo Cominelli ◽  
Gustav Hoegen ◽  
Danilo De Rossi
Keyword(s):  
Human Mind ◽  
Human Cognition ◽  
Social And Emotional ◽  
Cognition And Emotion ◽  
Emotional Interaction ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Excellent Research ◽  
Perception Of Time ◽  
Emotional System ◽  
And Behavior

Humanoids have been created for assisting or replacing humans in many applications, providing encouraging results in contexts where social and emotional interaction is required, such as healthcare, education, and therapy. Bioinspiration, that has often guided the design of their bodies and minds, made them also become excellent research tools, probably the best platform by which we can model, test, and understand the human mind and behavior. Driven by the aim of creating a believable robot for interactive applications, as well as a research platform for investigating human cognition and emotion, we are constructing a new humanoid social robot: Abel. In this paper, we discussed three of the fundamental principles that motivated the design of Abel and its cognitive and emotional system: hyper-realistic humanoid aesthetics, human-inspired emotion processing, and human-like perception of time. After reporting a brief state-of-the-art on the related topics, we present the robot at its stage of development, what are the perspectives for its application, and how it could satisfy the expectations as a tool to investigate the human mind, behavior, and consciousness.

scholarly journals Enhanced White Matter Fiber Tracts in Advanced Jazz Improvisers

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 506
Author(s):  
Kiran Dhakal ◽  
Martin Norgaard ◽  
Mukesh Dhamala
Keyword(s):  
White Matter ◽  
Imaging Study ◽  
Human Cognition ◽  
Functional Networks ◽  
Fiber Tracts ◽  
Neuronal Interactions ◽  
Musical Improvisation ◽  
White Matter Fiber Tracts ◽  
Structural Networks ◽  
And Behavior

Human cognition and behavior arise from neuronal interactions over brain structural networks. These neuronal interactions cause changes in structural networks over time. How a creative activity such as musical improvisation performance changes the brain structure is largely unknown. In this diffusion magnetic resonance imaging study, we examined the brain’s white matter fiber properties in previously identified functional networks and compared the findings between advanced jazz improvisers and non-musicians. We found that, for advanced improvisers compared with non-musicians, the normalized quantitative anisotropy (NQA) is elevated in the lateral prefrontal areas and supplementary motor area, and the underlying white matter fiber tracts connecting these areas. This enhancement of the diffusion anisotropy along the fiber pathway connecting the lateral prefrontal and supplementary motor is consistent with the functional networks during musical improvisation tasks performed by expert jazz improvisers. These findings together suggest that experts’ creative skill is associated with the task-relevant, long-timescale brain structural network changes, in support of related cognitive underpinnings.

The encoding of race during face processing, an event-related potential study

Perception ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 030100662110485
Author(s):  
Haidong Zhu ◽  
Anqi Wang ◽  
Heather R. Collins ◽  
Yaqi Yue ◽  
Shuhui Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Time Course ◽  
Social Categorization ◽  
Stimulus Onset ◽  
Event Related Potential ◽  
Social Categories ◽  
The Social ◽  
Socially Relevant ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Perceptual Differentiation ◽  
The Brain

It is well known that adults spontaneously classify people into social categories and this categorization in turn guides their cognition and behavior. A wealth of research has examined how people perceive race and investigated the effect of race on social behavior. But what about race encoding? Although considerable behavioral research has investigated the encoding of race, that is, the social categorization by race, the neural underpinning of it is largely underexplored. To investigate the time course of race encoding, the current study employed a modified category verification task and a multivariate analyzing approach. We found that racial information became decodable from event-related potential topographies as early as about 200 ms after stimulus onset. At this stage, the brain can differentiate different races in a task-relevant manner. Nonetheless, it is not until 100 ms later that racial information is encoded in a socially relevant manner (own- versus other-race). Importantly, perceptual differentiation not only occurs before the encoding of the race but actually influences it: the faces that are more easily perceptually categorized are actually encoded more readily. Together, we posit that the detection and the encoding of race are decoupled although they are not completely independent. Our results provide powerful constraints toward the theory-building of race.

scholarly journals Analisis Penggunaan Gadget terhadap Kemampuan Interaksi Sosial pada Anak Usia Dini

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Putri Hana Pebriana
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Social Interaction ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Social Interactions ◽  
Social Action ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Human Mind ◽  
Technological Developments ◽  
Small Things ◽  
And Behavior

Technological developments increasingly sophisticated and growing. This leads to various influences of human lifestyle both mindset and behavior. One of the technological developments that affect the human mind is the gadget. Gadgets are media used as a means of modern communication. Gadgets not only affect the mindset or behavior of adults, but also affect the behavior of young children. In essence, early childhood tend to be happy with new things that he got through the activity by playing. Playing is fun for the kids, with children's play can explore all the potential. The majority of children in Indonesia spend time playing with gadgets. Surely this affects the development of children, especially in the development of social interaction. Social interactions can be interpreted as relationships that occur within induvidu groups are interconnected both in communication and social action. The purpose of this study to describe the use of gadgets to the ability of social interaction of early childhood. The research method used in this study is literature review is by connecting research with existing literature and fill the gap in previous research. The results obtained in this study is the use of gadgets most children use it to play. From these small things, children who initially love to play with their friends can change with the usual given a gadget as a substitute for playmates.

scholarly journals Social Interaction of Indonesian Rural Youths in the Internet Age

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 115
Author(s):  
Rista Priatama ◽  
Kenichiro Onitsuka ◽  
Ernan Rustiadi ◽  
Satoshi Hoshino
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Social Interaction ◽  
Statistical Approach ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Access To Information ◽  
Internet Age ◽  
Internet Users ◽  
The Social ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
The Village

The internet penetration on young villagers gives rise to question about its effects on the social interaction and behavior patterns as it accelerates the interaction with the wider network. However, the internet could possibly decrease both the social interaction with local people at the village and the dependency toward native villagers as internet utilization allows the users to be more selective in terms of interactions according to their interests. This research aims to examine the impacts of the Internet through a dystopian view by comparing the degrees of senses of place, participation in local activities, and social capital among internet and non-internet users using a statistical approach. The analysis of variance and linear regression were employed in the present study. The results revealed that the internet did strengthen both broad and local social capital. It also supported young villager’s participation in local activities. Nevertheless, the internet was observed to decline the villager’s sense of place, especially the desire to remain a resident in the native village. Better access to information and network gained by the users elevated their chances to move outside the village when better opportunities were observed elsewhere.

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