Proteomic Strategies and Their Application in Studies of Renal Function

Physiology ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 114-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pedro Cutillas ◽  
Alma Burlingame ◽  
Robert Unwin
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Renal Function ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Functional Genomics ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Two Dimensional Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
The Future

Proteomics is a promising new tool for functional genomics. In addition to two-dimensional gel electrophoresis, other methods that are based on liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry are now available to study proteins. In this brief article, we review the strengths and limitations of the proteomic approaches currently available to the researcher, and we provide examples of how proteomics has been, and can in the future be, used to study the kidney.

Proteome Analysis of CD4+ T Cells Reveals Differentially Expressed Proteins in Infertile Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatemeh Nasri ◽  
Maryam Zare ◽  
Mehrnoosh Doroudchi ◽  
Behrouz Gharesi-Fard
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
T Cells ◽  
T Lymphocytes ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Cd4 T Cells ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Proteome Analysis ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Two Dimensional Gel Electrophoresis

Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most frequent endocrine disorder affecting 6–7% of premenopausal women. Recent studies revealed that the immune system especially CD4+ T helper cells are important in the context PCOS. Proteome analysis of CD4+ T lymphocytes can provide valuable information regarding the biology of these cells in the context of PCOS. Objective: To investigate immune dysregulation in CD4+ T lymphocytes at the protein level in the context of PCOS using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2DE) and mass spectrometry (MS). Methods: In the present study, we applied two-dimensional gel electrophoresis / mass spectrometry to identify proteins differentially expressed by peripheral blood CD4+ T cells in ten PCOS women compared with ten healthy women. Western blot technique was used to confirm the identified proteins. Results: Despite the overall proteome similarities, there were significant differences in the expression of seven spots between two groups (P <0.05). Three proteins, namely phosphatidylethanolamine-binding protein 1, proteasome activator complex subunit 1 and triosephosphate isomerase 1 were successfully identified by Mass technique and confirmed by western blot. All characterized proteins were over-expressed in CD4+ T cells from patients compared to CD4+ T cells from controls (P <0.05). In-silico analysis suggested that the over-expressed proteins interact with other proteins involved in cellular metabolism especially glycolysis and ferroptosis pathway. Conclusion: These findings suggest that metabolic adjustments in CD4+ T lymphocytes, which is in favor of increased glycolysis and Th2 differentiation are important in the context of PCOS.

scholarly journals Proteomic analysis of the pulvinus, a heliotropic tissue, in Glycine max

2014 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hakme Lee ◽  
Wesley M. Garrett ◽  
Joseph Sullivan ◽  
Irwin Forseth ◽  
Savithiry S. Natarajan
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Gene Ontology ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Proton Transport ◽  
Enrichment Analysis ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Leaf Movement ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Two Dimensional Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Leguminous Plants

Certain plant species respond to light, dark, and other environmental factors by leaf movement. Leguminous plants both track and avoid the sun through turgor changes of the pulvinus tissue at the base of leaves. Mechanisms leading to pulvinar turgor flux, particularly knowledge of the proteins involved, are not well-known. In this study we used two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and liquid chromatography-tandom mass spectrometry to separate and identify the proteins located in the soybean pulvinus. A total of 183 spots were separated and 195 proteins from 165 spots were identified and functionally analyzed using single enrichment analysis for gene ontology terms. The most significant terms were related to proton transport. Comparison with guard cell proteomes revealed similar significant processes but a greater number of pulvinus proteins are required for comparable analysis. To our knowledge, this is a novel report on the analysis of proteins found in soybean pulvinus. These findings provide a better understanding of the proteins required for turgor change in the pulvinus.

The proteomic future: where mass spectrometry should be taking us

2012 ◽  
Vol 444 (2) ◽  
pp. 169-181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jay J. Thelen ◽  
Ján A. Miernyk
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Protein Structures ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Mass Accuracy ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Two Dimensional Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Post Translational Modifications ◽  
Peptide Separation ◽  
Research Areas

A newcomer to the -omics era, proteomics, is a broad instrument-intensive research area that has advanced rapidly since its inception less than 20 years ago. Although the ‘wet-bench’ aspects of proteomics have undergone a renaissance with the improvement in protein and peptide separation techniques, including various improvements in two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and gel-free or off-gel protein focusing, it has been the seminal advances in MS that have led to the ascension of this field. Recent improvements in sensitivity, mass accuracy and fragmentation have led to achievements previously only dreamed of, including whole-proteome identification, and quantification and extensive mapping of specific PTMs (post-translational modifications). With such capabilities at present, one might conclude that proteomics has already reached its zenith; however, ‘capability’ indicates that the envisioned goals have not yet been achieved. In the present review we focus on what we perceive as the areas requiring more attention to achieve the improvements in workflow and instrumentation that will bridge the gap between capability and achievement for at least most proteomes and PTMs. Additionally, it is essential that we extend our ability to understand protein structures, interactions and localizations. Towards these ends, we briefly focus on selected methods and research areas where we anticipate the next wave of proteomic advances.

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