scholarly journals Neuroglobin: A Respiratory Protein of the Nervous System

Physiology ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 110-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thorsten Burmester ◽  
Thomas Hankeln
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Neuronal Survival ◽  
Heme Protein ◽  
The Body ◽  
Hypoxic Conditions ◽  
Respiratory Protein ◽  
Consumption Rates ◽  
Endocrine Tissues

Nerve tissues exhibit some of the highest oxygen consumption rates found in the body. Neuroglobin, a heme protein distantly related to hemoglobin, is thought to enhance the supply of oxygen to the neurons, the eye, and some endocrine tissues. Neuroglobin may promote neuronal survival under hypoxic conditions as they occur, for example, in stroke.

scholarly journals Body mass scaling of passive oxygen diffusion in endotherms and ectotherms

2016 ◽  
Vol 113 (19) ◽  
pp. 5340-5345 ◽  
Author(s):  
James F. Gillooly ◽  
Juan Pablo Gomez ◽  
Evgeny V. Mavrodiev ◽  
Yue Rong ◽  
Eric S. McLamore
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Oxygen Diffusion ◽  
The Body ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Mass Dependence ◽  
Diffusion Capacity ◽  
Aerobic Activity ◽  
Mass Scaling ◽  
Consumption Rates

The area and thickness of respiratory surfaces, and the constraints they impose on passive oxygen diffusion, have been linked to differences in oxygen consumption rates and/or aerobic activity levels in vertebrates. However, it remains unclear how respiratory surfaces and associated diffusion rates vary with body mass across vertebrates, particularly in relation to the body mass scaling of oxygen consumption rates. Here we address these issues by first quantifying the body mass dependence of respiratory surface area and respiratory barrier thickness for a diversity of endotherms (birds and mammals) and ectotherms (fishes, amphibians, and reptiles). Based on these findings, we then use Fick’s law to predict the body mass scaling of oxygen diffusion for each group. Finally, we compare the predicted body mass dependence of oxygen diffusion to that of oxygen consumption in endotherms and ectotherms. We find that the slopes and intercepts of the relationships describing the body mass dependence of passive oxygen diffusion in these two groups are statistically indistinguishable from those describing the body mass dependence of oxygen consumption. Thus, the area and thickness of respiratory surfaces combine to match oxygen diffusion capacity to oxygen consumption rates in both air- and water-breathing vertebrates. In particular, the substantially lower oxygen consumption rates of ectotherms of a given body mass relative to those of endotherms correspond to differences in oxygen diffusion capacity. These results provide insights into the long-standing effort to understand the structural attributes of organisms that underlie the body mass scaling of oxygen consumption.

Energetics of Sablefish, Anoplopoma fimbria, under Laboratory Conditions

1982 ◽  
Vol 39 (7) ◽  
pp. 1012-1020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathleen M. Sullivan ◽  
Kenneth L. Smith Jr.
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
The Body ◽  
Fish Growth ◽  
Metabolic Rates ◽  
Anoplopoma Fimbria ◽  
Consumption Rates ◽  
Excretion Rates ◽  
Conversion Efficiencies

We measured respiration, growth, ingestion, and excretion rates for sablefish, Anoplopoma fimbria, collected off southern California at a depth of 500 m and maintained in the laboratory. We also measured the water, protein, and lipid content of white skeletal muscle in both laboratory-held and field fish. Sablefish fed a large ration (14% of wet body weight) every 7–10 d showed growth rates two to three times higher than known growth rates for field fish. On a reduced ration (4% of wet body weight) sablefish grew at rates similar to field fish, but white muscle composition varied significantly from field fish. Oxygen consumption rates under constant temperature conditions showed a decrease in the weight-specific oxygen consumption rates with increase in body weight, ranging from routine metabolic rates of 195.8 mg O2∙kg−1∙h−1 for a 0.25-kg fish to 60.8 mg O2∙kg−1∙h−1 for a 2.78-kg fish. Based on measurements of respiration and excretion, sablefish were estimated to have 162 d of energy stored in the body lipids and did not show signs of starvation stress with food deprivation up to 6 mo in the laboratory. Energy allocation shows very slow growth rates, low conversion efficiencies, and low metabolic rates as adjustments made to large, infrequent meals.Key words: physiological responses, benthopelagic fish, growth, metabolic rate, respiration, excretion

scholarly journals Konsumsi Oksigen Ikan Uceng Nemacheilus fasciatus (Valenciennes, 1846) pada Kondisi Padat Tebar yang Berbeda

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 79
Author(s):  
Aliati Iswantari ◽  
Kurniawan Kurniawan ◽  
Bambang Priadi ◽  
Vitas Atmadi Prakoso ◽  
Anang Hari Kristanto
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Stocking Density ◽  
Ventilation Rate ◽  
Fish Growth ◽  
Oxygen Level ◽  
Hypoxic Conditions ◽  
Freshwater Aquaculture ◽  
Aquaculture System ◽  
Critical Oxygen ◽  
Consumption Rates

<strong>Oxygen Consumption of Barred Loach Nemacheilus fasciatus (Valenciennes, 1846) under Different Stocking Densities</strong>. In aquaculture system, fish growth is affected by stocking densities. One way to predict the effect of stocking density on growth is to determine fish metabolic rate through oxygen consumption measurements. In Barred loach Nemacheilus fasciatus (Valenciennes, 1846), the information was scarce on oxygen consumption. This study was to analyze the effect of stocking density on oxygen consumption in Barred loach conducted at Research Institute for Freshwater Aquaculture and Fisheries Extension, Bogor in May 2018. Barred loach (total length: 5.79 ± 0.47 cm, weight: 1.32 ± 0.34 g) was observed its oxygen consumption on three different stocking densities (5, 10, and 15 fish/L) by using closed respirometers (volume: 1.4 L) with three replications of each treatment. Measurement of oxygen consumption was carried out under normoxia and hypoxia conditions. In addition, fish behavior and ventilation rate were also observed and recorded according to treatment. The results showed that the highest oxygen consumption of barred loach was found in the stocking density of 5 fish/L (1250.6 ± 128.4 mg O2/kg/h) which was significantly different from the stocking density of 10 fish/L (626.9 ± 46.7 mg O2/kg/h) and 15 fish/L (596.9 ± 48.9 mg O2/kg/h). Meanwhile, oxygen consumption of barred loach under hypoxic conditions decreased significantly compared to normoxic conditions, which was marked by a decrease in their swimming activities. Although the ventilation rate in hypoxic conditions has decreased, the value was not significantly different from those of normoxia condition. Results of this study provide information that an increase in stocking density and hypoxic conditions in barred loach caused a decrease in oxygen consumption rates. In addition, this study showed that the critical oxygen level for barred loach was around 3.1 mg/L

scholarly journals Common metabolic constraints on dive duration in endothermic and ectothermic vertebrates

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
April Hayward ◽  
Mariela Pajuelo ◽  
Catherine G. Haase ◽  
David M. Anderson ◽  
James F. Gillooly
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Environmental Temperature ◽  
Foraging Ecology ◽  
Dive Duration ◽  
The Body ◽  
Mass Dependence ◽  
Consumption Rates ◽  
Effects Of Temperature ◽  
Increasing Temperature

Dive duration in air-breathing vertebrates is thought to be constrained by the volume of oxygen stored in the body and the rate at which it is consumed (i.e., “o xygen store/usage hypothesis” ). The body mass-dependence of dive duration among endothermic vertebrates is largely supportive of this model, but previous analyses of ectothermic vertebrates show no such body mass-dependence. Here we show that dive duration in both endotherms and ectotherms largely support the oxygen store/usage hypothesis after accounting for the well-established effects of temperature on oxygen consumption rates. Analyses of the body mass and temperature dependence of dive duration in 181 species of endothermic vertebrates and 29 species of ectothermic vertebrates show that dive duration increases as a power law with body mass, and decreases exponentially with increasing temperature. Thus, in the case of ectothermic vertebrates, changes in environmental temperature will likely impact the foraging ecology of divers.

scholarly journals Common metabolic constraints on dive duration in endothermic and ectothermic vertebrates

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
April Hayward ◽  
Mariela Pajuelo ◽  
Catherine G. Haase ◽  
David M. Anderson ◽  
James F. Gillooly
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Environmental Temperature ◽  
Foraging Ecology ◽  
Dive Duration ◽  
The Body ◽  
Mass Dependence ◽  
Consumption Rates ◽  
Effects Of Temperature ◽  
Increasing Temperature

Dive duration in air-breathing vertebrates is thought to be constrained by the volume of oxygen stored in the body and the rate at which it is consumed (i.e., “o xygen store/usage hypothesis” ). The body mass-dependence of dive duration among endothermic vertebrates is largely supportive of this model, but previous analyses of ectothermic vertebrates show no such body mass-dependence. Here we show that dive duration in both endotherms and ectotherms largely support the oxygen store/usage hypothesis after accounting for the well-established effects of temperature on oxygen consumption rates. Analyses of the body mass and temperature dependence of dive duration in 181 species of endothermic vertebrates and 29 species of ectothermic vertebrates show that dive duration increases as a power law with body mass, and decreases exponentially with increasing temperature. Thus, in the case of ectothermic vertebrates, changes in environmental temperature will likely impact the foraging ecology of divers.

scholarly journals Benthic oxygen consumption rates during hypoxic conditions on the Oregon continental shelf: Evaluation of the eddy correlation method

2012 ◽  
Vol 117 (C2) ◽  
pp. n/a-n/a ◽  
Author(s):  
Clare E. Reimers ◽  
H. Tuba Özkan-Haller ◽  
Peter Berg ◽  
Allan Devol ◽  
Kristina McCann-Grosvenor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Continental Shelf ◽  
Correlation Method ◽  
Eddy Correlation ◽  
Hypoxic Conditions ◽  
Consumption Rates ◽  
Eddy Correlation Method

Neuroglobin – recent developments

2014 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 195-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Yao Qiu ◽  
Xiao Qian Chen
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Neurite Outgrowth ◽  
Heme Protein ◽  
Hypoxic Conditions ◽  
Oxidative Stresses ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
Experimental Findings

AbstractNeuroglobin (Ngb), a monomeric hexacoordinated heme protein of 17 kDa, was identified in 2000 in the nervous system. Accumulative evidence has proved that Ngb is an endogenous neuroprotective molecule against ischemic/hypoxic insults and oxidative stresses, and in most ischemic conditions, Ngb is up-regulated. The underlying mechanisms, however, are not fully clarified. Here we review the recent experimental findings, mainly focusing on the mechanisms of Ngb’s protection and induction during ischemic/hypoxic conditions, the roles of Ngb in astrocytes and tumors, as well as Ngb’s function in neurite outgrowth.

System for measuring oxygen consumption rates of mammalian cells in static culture under hypoxic conditions

2015 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 189-197 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuki Kagawa ◽  
Hirotaka Miyahara ◽  
Yuri Ota ◽  
Satoshi Tsuneda
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Mammalian Cells ◽  
Static Culture ◽  
Hypoxic Conditions ◽  
Consumption Rates

scholarly journals A broad-scale comparison of aerobic activity levels in vertebrates: endotherms versus ectotherms

2017 ◽  
Vol 284 (1849) ◽  
pp. 20162328 ◽  
Author(s):  
James F. Gillooly ◽  
Juan Pablo Gomez ◽  
Evgeny V. Mavrodiev
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
The Body ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Mass Dependence ◽  
Aerobic Scope ◽  
Aerobic Activity ◽  
Mass Scaling ◽  
Heart Mass ◽  
Consumption Rates

Differences in the limits and range of aerobic activity levels between endotherms and ectotherms remain poorly understood, though such differences help explain basic differences in species' lifestyles (e.g. movement patterns, feeding modes, and interaction rates). We compare the limits and range of aerobic activity in endotherms (birds and mammals) and ectotherms (fishes, reptiles, and amphibians) by evaluating the body mass-dependence of VO 2 max, aerobic scope, and heart mass in a phylogenetic context based on a newly constructed vertebrate supertree. Contrary to previous work, results show no significant differences in the body mass scaling of minimum and maximum oxygen consumption rates with body mass within endotherms or ectotherms. For a given body mass, resting rates and maximum rates were 24-fold and 30-fold lower, respectively, in ectotherms than endotherms. Factorial aerobic scope ranged from five to eight in both groups, with scope in endotherms showing a modest body mass-dependence. Finally, maximum consumption rates and aerobic scope were positively correlated with residual heart mass. Together, these results quantify similarities and differences in the potential for aerobic activity among ectotherms and endotherms from diverse environments. They provide insights into the models and mechanisms that may underlie the body mass-dependence of oxygen consumption.

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