Synapsin Regulates Basal Synaptic Strength, Synaptic Depression, and Serotonin-Induced Facilitation of Sensorimotor Synapses in Aplysia

2007 ◽  
Vol 98 (6) ◽  
pp. 3568-3580 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diasinou Fioravante ◽  
Rong-Yu Liu ◽  
Anne K. Netek ◽  
Leonard J. Cleary ◽  
John H. Byrne
Keyword(s):  
Synaptic Plasticity ◽  
Synaptic Vesicle ◽  
Transmitter Release ◽  
Computational Analysis ◽  
Spontaneous Recovery ◽  
Synaptic Strength ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Homosynaptic Depression ◽  
Heterosynaptic Plasticity

Synapsin is a synaptic vesicle-associated protein implicated in the regulation of vesicle trafficking and transmitter release, but its role in heterosynaptic plasticity remains elusive. Moreover, contradictory results have obscured the contribution of synapsin to homosynaptic plasticity. We previously reported that the neuromodulator serotonin (5-HT) led to the phosphorylation and redistribution of Aplysia synapsin, suggesting that synapsin may be a good candidate for the regulation of vesicle mobilization underlying the short-term synaptic plasticity induced by 5-HT. This study examined the role of synapsin in homosynaptic and heterosynaptic plasticity. Overexpression of synapsin reduced basal transmission and enhanced homosynaptic depression. Although synapsin did not affect spontaneous recovery from depression, it potentiated 5-HT–induced dedepression. Computational analysis showed that the effects of synapsin on plasticity could be adequately simulated by altering the rate of Ca2+-dependent vesicle mobilization, supporting the involvement of synapsin not only in homosynaptic but also in heterosynaptic forms of plasticity by regulating vesicle mobilization.

Plasticity: Cells, Circuits, Brains, and Behavior

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia S. Churchland ◽  
Terrence J. Sejnowski
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Synaptic Plasticity ◽  
Classical Conditioning ◽  
Neuronal Plasticity ◽  
Neural Mechanism ◽  
Synaptic Strength ◽  
Physical Mechanisms ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
The Brain

This chapter examines the physical mechanisms in nervous systems in order to elucidate the structural bases and functional principles of synaptic plasticity. Neuroscientific research on plasticity can be divided into four main streams: the neural mechanism for relatively simple kinds of plasticity, such as classical conditioning or habituation; anatomical and physiological studies of temporal lobe structures, including the hippocampus and the amygdala; study of the development of the visual system; and the relation between the animal's genes and the development of its nervous system. The chapter first considers the role of the mammalian hippocampus in learning and memory before discussing Donald Hebb's views on synaptic plasticity. It then explores the mechanisms underlying neuronal plasticity and those that decrease synaptic strength, the relevance of time with respect to plasticity, and the occurrence of plasticity during the development of the nervous system. It also describes modules, modularity, and networks in the brain.

Long-term depression of Aplysia sensorimotor synapses in cell culture: inductive role of a rise in postsynaptic calcium

1996 ◽  
Vol 76 (3) ◽  
pp. 2111-2114 ◽  
Author(s):  
X. Y. Lin ◽  
D. L. Glanzman
Keyword(s):  
Cell Culture ◽  
Synaptic Plasticity ◽  
Sensory Neurons ◽  
Tetraacetic Acid ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Long Term Depression ◽  
Central Synapses ◽  
Postsynaptic Calcium

1. Activation of sensory neurons at 2 Hz for 15 min induces long-term depression (LTD) of isolated Aplysia sensorimotor synapses in cell culture. 2. Prior infusion of the Ca2+ chelator 1,2-bis-(2-aminophenoxy)-ethane-N,N,N',N'-tetraacetic acid (BAPTA) into the postsynaptic motor neuron blocks the induction of LTD, but not short-term synaptic depression. 3. Invertebrate central synapses possess the capacity for LTD. This form of long-term synaptic plasticity may play an important role in learning in Aplysia.

scholarly journals Role of the calcium-binding protein parvalbumin in short-term synaptic plasticity

2000 ◽  
Vol 97 (24) ◽  
pp. 13372-13377 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. Caillard ◽  
H. Moreno ◽  
B. Schwaller ◽  
I. Llano ◽  
M. R. Celio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Synaptic Plasticity ◽  
Calcium Binding ◽  
Binding Protein ◽  
Calcium Binding Protein ◽  
Short Term

scholarly journals Cognitive impairment in Gdi1-deficient mice is associated with altered synaptic vesicle pools and short-term synaptic plasticity, and can be corrected by appropriate learning training

2008 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Veronica Bianchi ◽  
Pasqualina Farisello ◽  
Pietro Baldelli ◽  
Virginia Meskenaite ◽  
Marco Milanese ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Synaptic Plasticity ◽  
Synaptic Vesicle ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Vesicle Pools ◽  
Deficient Mice

scholarly journals Dynamic modulation of short-term synaptic plasticity in the auditory cortex: The role of norepinephrine

2011 ◽  
Vol 271 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 26-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Humberto Salgado ◽  
Francisco García-Oscos ◽  
Lu Dinh ◽  
Marco Atzori
Keyword(s):  
Synaptic Plasticity ◽  
Auditory Cortex ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Dynamic Modulation

Structural Contributions to Short-Term Synaptic Plasticity

2004 ◽  
Vol 84 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
MATTHEW A. XU-FRIEDMAN ◽  
WADE G. REGEHR
Keyword(s):  
Synaptic Plasticity ◽  
Synaptic Transmission ◽  
Synaptic Strength ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Ongoing Activity ◽  
Short Term Plasticity ◽  
Synaptic Ultrastructure

Xu-Friedman, Matthew A., and Wade G. Regehr. Structural Contributions to Short-Term Synaptic Plasticity. Physiol Rev 84: 69–85, 2004; 10.1152/physrev.00016.2003.—Synaptic ultrastructure is critical to many basic hypotheses about synaptic transmission. Various aspects of synaptic ultrastructure have also been implicated in the mechanisms of short-term plasticity. These forms of plasticity can greatly affect synaptic strength during ongoing activity. We review the evidence for how synaptic ultrastructure may contribute to facilitation, depletion, saturation, and desensitization.

Role of Ca2+ channels in short-term synaptic plasticity

2007 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 352-359 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianhua Xu ◽  
Liming He ◽  
Ling-Gang Wu
Keyword(s):  
Synaptic Plasticity ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Ca2 Channels
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