scholarly journals Inhibition of hydrogen sulfide restores normal breathing stability and improves autonomic control during experimental heart failure

2013 ◽  
Vol 114 (9) ◽  
pp. 1141-1150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodrigo Del Rio ◽  
Noah J. Marcus ◽  
Harold D. Schultz
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Hydrogen Sulfide ◽  
Autonomic Function ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Cardiac Autonomic Function ◽  
Breathing Patterns ◽  
Irreversible Inhibitor ◽  
Ventilatory Responses ◽  
Afferent Discharge ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure Variability

Cardiovascular autonomic imbalance and breathing instability are major contributors to the progression of heart failure (CHF). Potentiation of the carotid body (CB) chemoreflex has been shown to contribute to these effects. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) recently has been proposed to mediate CB hypoxic chemoreception. We hypothesized that H2S synthesis inhibition should decrease CB chemoreflex activation and improve breathing stability and autonomic function in CHF rats. Using the irreversible inhibitor of cystathione γ-lyase dl-propargylglycine (PAG), we tested the effects of H2S inhibition on resting breathing patterns, the hypoxic and hypercapnic ventilatory responses, and the hypoxic sensitivity of CB chemoreceptor afferents in rats with CHF. In addition, heart rate variability (HRV) and systolic blood pressure variability (SBPV) were calculated as an index of autonomic function. CHF rats, compared with sham rats, exhibited increased breath interval variability and number of apneas, enhanced CB afferent discharge and ventilatory responses to hypoxia, decreased HRV, and increased low-frequency SBPV. Remarkably, PAG treatment reduced the apnea index by 90%, reduced breath interval variability by 40–60%, and reversed the enhanced hypoxic CB afferent and chemoreflex responses observed in CHF rats. Furthermore, PAG treatment partially reversed the alterations in HRV and SBPV in CHF rats. Our results show that PAG treatment restores breathing stability and cardiac autonomic function and reduces the enhanced ventilatory and CB chemosensory responses to hypoxia in CHF rats. These results support the idea that PAG treatment could potentially represent a novel pathway to control sympathetic outflow and breathing instability in CHF.

Evaluation of cardiac autonomic function using heart rate variability in children with acute carbon monoxide poisoning

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (9) ◽  
pp. 1662-1669 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cagdas Vural ◽  
Ener Cagri Dinleyici ◽  
Pelin Kosger ◽  
Ozge Bolluk ◽  
Zubeyir Kilic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Autonomic Function ◽  
Spectral Power ◽  
Carbon Monoxide Poisoning ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Qt Dispersion ◽  
Cardiac Autonomic Function

AbstractIntroductionCarbon monoxide poisoning may cause myocardial toxicity and cardiac autonomic dysfunction, which may contribute to the development of life-threatening arrhythmias. We investigated the potential association between acute carbon monoxide exposure and cardiac autonomic function measured by heart rate variability.MethodThe present study included 40 children aged 1–17 years who were admitted to the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit with acute carbon monoxide poisoning and 40 healthy age- and sex-matched controls. Carboxyhaemoglobin and cardiac enzymes were measured at admission. Electrocardiography was performed on admission and discharge, and 24-hour Holter electrocardiography was digitally recorded. Heart rate variability was analysed at both time points – 24-hour recordings – and frequency domains – from the first 5 minutes of intensive care unit admission.ResultsTime domain and frequency indices such as high-frequency spectral power and low-frequency spectral power were similar between patient and control groups (p>0.05). The ratio of low-frequency spectral power to high-frequency spectral power was significantly lower in the carbon monoxide poisoning group (p<0.001) and was negatively correlated with carboxyhaemoglobin levels (r=−0.351, p<0.05). The mean heart rate, QT dispersion, corrected QT dispersion, and P dispersion values were higher in the carbon monoxide poisoning group (p<0.05) on admission. The QT dispersion and corrected QT dispersion remained longer in the carbon monoxide poisoning group compared with controls on discharge (p<0.05).ConclusionThe frequency domain indices, especially the ratio of low-frequency spectral power to high-frequency spectral power, are useful for the evaluation of the cardiac autonomic function. The decreased low-frequency spectral power-to-high-frequency spectral power ratio reflects a balance of the autonomic nervous system, which shifted to parasympathetic components.

scholarly journals Abnormalities of cardiac autonomic function and 11C-hydroxyephedrine PET coincide in heart failure

1996 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 406 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liisa-Maria Voipio-Pulkki ◽  
Risto Vesalainen ◽  
Mikko Pietilä ◽  
Tuomas Jartti ◽  
Heikki Ukkonen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Autonomic Function ◽  
Cardiac Autonomic Function

scholarly journals The relationship between red cell distribution width and cardiac autonomic function in heart failure

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (6) ◽  
pp. 1076-1082
Author(s):  
Shinya Yamada ◽  
Akiomi Yoshihisa ◽  
Takashi Kaneshiro ◽  
Kazuaki Amami ◽  
Naoko Hijioka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Autonomic Function ◽  
Red Cell Distribution Width ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
Cell Distribution ◽  
Cardiac Autonomic Function ◽  
Distribution Width ◽  
The Relationship

scholarly journals Relevance of the Carotid Body Chemoreflex in the Progression of Heart Failure

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
David C. Andrade ◽  
Claudia Lucero ◽  
Camilo Toledo ◽  
Carlos Madrid ◽  
Noah J. Marcus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Carotid Body ◽  
Poor Prognosis ◽  
Autonomic Function ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Experimental Models ◽  
Breathing Patterns ◽  
Breathing Control ◽  
Global Health Problem ◽  
Disordered Breathing

Chronic heart failure (CHF) is a global health problem affecting millions of people. Autonomic dysfunction and disordered breathing patterns are commonly observed in patients with CHF, and both are strongly related to poor prognosis and high mortality risk. Tonic activation of carotid body (CB) chemoreceptors contributes to sympathoexcitation and disordered breathing patterns in experimental models of CHF. Recent studies show that ablation of the CB chemoreceptors improves autonomic function and breathing control in CHF and improves survival. These exciting findings indicate that alterations in CB function are critical to the progression of CHF. Therefore, better understanding of the physiology of the CB chemoreflex in CHF could lead to improvements in current treatments and clinical management of patients with CHF characterized by high chemosensitivity. Accordingly, the main focus of this brief review is to summarize current knowledge of CB chemoreflex function in different experimental models of CHF and to comment on their potential translation to treatment of human CHF.

scholarly journals Heart Rate Variability in HIV Patients, Diabetics, and Controls: The AGATAA Study

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabela M. Benseñor ◽  
Margareth Eira ◽  
Egídio Lima Dorea ◽  
Eduardo M. Dantas ◽  
José Geraldo Mill ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Autonomic Function ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Frequency Component ◽  
High Frequency Component ◽  
Cardiac Autonomic Function ◽  
Hiv Patients ◽  
Highly Active

HIV infection can affect cardiac autonomic function. We aimed to compare heart rate variability in 29 HIV-infected patients using highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), 28 naïve-treatment HIV patients, and diabetics with controls. There was no difference in time index parameters among groups. The normalized power of the low-frequency component (LF) in naïve patients of 39.9 (interquartile interval (IQ), 28.5–65.7) and diabetics of 42.9 (IQ, 14.5–57.7) were decreased compared with controls (67.5, IQ, 37.9–75.4). The normalized power of the high-frequency component (HF) in naïves of 49.7 (IQ, 30.4–64.8), and diabetics of 53.1 (IQ, 34.5–72.2) were increased compared with controls (27.0, IQ, 19.0–57.3). Naïve and diabetics also presented with lower LF/HF ratios (0.8 (IQ, 0.6–2.3), and 0.9 (IQ, 0.3–1.4),) compared with controls (2.3 (IQ, 0.8–3.3)). We can speculate that HAART improves autonomic imbalance in frequency domain indices because there was no difference between the HAART group and controls.

Spironolactone improves endothelial and cardiac autonomic function in non heart failure hemodialysis patients

2013 ◽  
Vol 31 (6) ◽  
pp. 1239-1244 ◽  
Author(s):  
Panayota Flevari ◽  
Sofia Kalogeropoulou ◽  
Athina Drakou ◽  
Dionyssios Leftheriotis ◽  
Fotis Panou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Autonomic Function ◽  
Hemodialysis Patients ◽  
Cardiac Autonomic Function

scholarly journals Influence of hydrotherapy on clinical and cardiac autonomic function in migraine patients

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (01) ◽  
pp. 109-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. U. Sujan ◽  
M. Raghavendra Rao ◽  
Ravikiran Kisan ◽  
Hulegar A. Abhishekh ◽  
Atchayaram Nalini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Autonomic Function ◽  
Impact Test ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Cardiac Autonomic Function ◽  
Thermal Therapies ◽  
Before And After ◽  
To Receive ◽  
Headache Impact

ABSTRACT Background: Migraine is associated with autonomic symptoms. The growing body of literature suggests that the dysfunctional autonomic nervous system might play a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of migraine. Thermal therapies have been hypothesized to modulate these changes and alleviate pain. However, data regarding the efficacy of hydrotherapy in migraine remain scant. We evaluated the effect of add on hydrotherapy procedure (a hot arm and foot bath with ice massage to head) in migraine patients. Methods: Forty chronic migraine patients fulfilling the International Classification of Headache Disorders II criteria were recruited from the neurology outpatient clinic. Patients were randomized to receive either hydrotherapy plus conventional pharmacological care (n = 20) or conventional medication only (n = 20). Hydrotherapy group received treatment with hot arm and foot bath (103°F to 110°F) and ice massage to head daily for 20 min for 45 days. Patients were assessed using headache impact test (HIT), visual analog scale for pain and cardiac autonomic function by heart rate variability (HRV) before and after intervention period. Results: There was a significant decrease in HIT score, frequency, and intensity of headaches following treatment in both the groups. However, it was more evident in add on hydrotherapy group compared to pharmacological treatment alone group. There was also significant improvement in the HRV parameters. In particular, there was a significant decrease in heart rate (P = 0.017), increase in high frequency (HF) (P = 0.014) and decrease in low frequency/HF ratio (P = 0.004) in add on hydrotherapy group. Conclusion: Our study shows that add on hydrotherapy enhanced the vagal tone in addition to reducing the frequency and intensity of headaches in migraine patients.

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