scholarly journals Resolvin D1 protects periodontal ligament

2013 ◽  
Vol 305 (6) ◽  
pp. C673-C679 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manal Mustafa ◽  
Ahmed Zarrough ◽  
Anne Isine Bolstad ◽  
Henning Lygre ◽  
Kamal Mustafa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Periodontal Ligament ◽  
Wound Closure ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Fibroblast Proliferation ◽  
Resolvin D1 ◽  
Basic Fgf ◽  
Pdl Cells ◽  
The Impact

Resolution agonists are endogenous mediators that drive inflammation to homeostasis. We earlier demonstrated in vivo activity of resolvins and lipoxins on regenerative periodontal wound healing. The goal of this study was to determine the impact of resolvin D1 (RvD1) on the function of human periodontal ligament (PDL) fibroblasts, which are critical for wound healing during regeneration of the soft and hard tissues around teeth. Primary cells were cultured from biopsies obtained from three individuals free of periodontal diseases. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were isolated by density gradient centrifugation from whole blood of healthy volunteers. PGE2, leukotriene B4 (LTB4), and lipoxin A4 (LXA4) in culture supernatants were measured by ELISA. The direct impact of RvD1 on PDL fibroblast proliferation was measured and wound closure was analyzed in vitro using a fibroblast culture “scratch assay.” PDL fibroblast function in response to RvD1 was further characterized by basic FGF production by ELISA. IL-1β and TNF-α enhanced the production of PGE2. Treatment of PDL cells and monocytes with 0.1–10 ng/ml RvD1 (0.27–27 M) reduced cytokine induced production of PGE2 and upregulated LXA4 production by both PDL cells and monocytes. RvD1 significantly enhanced PDL fibroblast proliferation and wound closure as well as basic FGF release. The results demonstrate that anti-inflammatory and proresolution actions of RvD1 with upregulation of arachidonic acid-derived endogenous resolution pathways (LXA4) and suggest resolution pathway synergy establishing a novel mechanism for the proresolution activity of the ω-3 docosahexaenoic acid-derived resolution agonist RvD1.

scholarly journals Autophagy facilitates type I collagen synthesis in periodontal ligament cells

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomomi Nakamura ◽  
Motozo Yamashita ◽  
Kuniko Ikegami ◽  
Mio Suzuki ◽  
Manabu Yanagita ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Periodontal Ligament ◽  
Collagen Synthesis ◽  
Type I Collagen ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Sodium Dodecyl ◽  
Physiological Role ◽  
Type I ◽  
Periodontal Tissue ◽  
Pdl Cells

AbstractAutophagy is a lysosomal protein degradation system in which the cell self-digests its intracellular protein components and organelles. Defects in autophagy contribute to the pathogenesis of age-related chronic diseases, such as myocardial infarction and rheumatoid arthritis, through defects in the extracellular matrix (ECM). However, little is known about autophagy in periodontal diseases characterised by the breakdown of periodontal tissue. Tooth-supportive periodontal ligament (PDL) tissue contains PDL cells that produce various ECM proteins such as collagen to maintain homeostasis in periodontal tissue. In this study, we aimed to clarify the physiological role of autophagy in periodontal tissue. We found that autophagy regulated type I collagen synthesis by elimination of misfolded proteins in human PDL (HPDL) cells. Inhibition of autophagy by E-64d and pepstatin A (PSA) or siATG5 treatment suppressed collagen production in HPDL cells at mRNA and protein levels. Immunoelectron microscopy revealed collagen fragments in autolysosomes. Accumulation of misfolded collagen in HPDL cells was confirmed by sodium dodecyl sulfate–polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. E-64d and PSA treatment suppressed and rapamycin treatment accelerated the hard tissue-forming ability of HPDL cells. Our findings suggest that autophagy is a crucial regulatory process that facilitates type I collagen synthesis and partly regulates osteoblastic differentiation of PDL cells.

Impact of nicotine on the interplay between human periodontal ligament cells and CD4+ T cells

2016 ◽  
Vol 35 (9) ◽  
pp. 983-990 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Ge ◽  
Ying-Feng Liu ◽  
Yong Wong ◽  
Li-Zheng Wu ◽  
Ling Tan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Cell Viability ◽  
Periodontal Ligament ◽  
Tobacco Consumption ◽  
Periodontal Ligament Cells ◽  
Nicotine Treatment ◽  
Pdl Cells ◽  
Induced Apoptosis ◽  
The Impact

Periodontitis is a common infectious disease associated with destruction of periodontal ligaments and alveolar bones. CD4+ T cell-mediated immune response is involved in the progression of periodontitis. Tobacco consumption increases the risk of periodontal disease. However, the impact of nicotine on the interaction between human periodontal ligament (PDL) cells and CD4+ T cells remains unrevealed. Our study aims to investigate the effect of nicotine on PDL cells and the cocultured CD4+ T cells. The PDL cell cultures were established by explants from healthy individuals, exposed to nicotine or α-bungarotoxin (α-BTX), and incubated solely or in combination with CD4+ T cells. Afterwards, cell viability, secreted cytokines, and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) were evaluated. In monoculture of PDL cells, nicotine dramatically repressed cell viability and increased apoptosis. Meanwhile, α-BTX largely reversed the nicotine-induced apoptosis and increased viability of PDL cells. Compared with the monoculture, MMP-1, MMP-3, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, IL-17, and IL-21 in supernatant of cocultures were markedly elevated after treatment with nicotine. Moreover, α-BTX significantly attenuated nicotine-triggered production of these components either in mono- or co-cultures. In addition, PDL cell-derived CXCL12 following nicotine treatment recruited CD4+ T cells. Above all, nicotine deteriorated periodontitis partially by promoting PDL cell–CD4+ T cell-mediated inflammatory response and matrix degradation.

scholarly journals Enhancement of Fibroblast Proliferation, Vascularization and Collagen Synthesis in the Healing Process of Third-Degree Burn Wounds by Topical Arnebia euchroma, a Herbal Medicine

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 53-59
Author(s):  
Soheil Ashkani-Esfahani ◽  
Mohammad Hossein Imanieh ◽  
Aidin Meshksar ◽  
Mahsima Khoshneviszadeh ◽  
Ali Noorafshan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Wound Closure ◽  
Healing Process ◽  
Volume Density ◽  
Fibroblast Proliferation ◽  
Burn Wound ◽  
Closure Rate ◽  
Burn Wounds ◽  
Arnebia Euchroma ◽  
Degree Burn

Introduction: The present study was conducted to evaluate the wound healing effect of Arnebia euchroma (AE) extract, which is traditionally used in some Indian, Chinese, and Iranian tribes, on histomorphometrical parameters involved in the healing process of third-degree burn wounds by using stereological analyses. Methods and Materials: In an experimental study, 48 female Sprague-Dawley rats, each with a standard third-degree burn wound on the posterior surface of the neck, were divided into four groups; AE10 and AE20 groups were treated with carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) gels which contained AE hydroalcoholic extract at the concentration of 10% and 20%, respectively; the untreated burned (UB) group, which received no treatment; and the gel-base treated group. Wound closure rate, fibroblast proliferation, volume density of collagen bundles, length density, and mean diameter of the vessels were measured. Results: Wound closure rate, fibroblast population, volume density of collagen bundles, and length density of vessels were significantly improved by AE10 and AE20 in comparison with the gel-base and UB groups (P value <0.05). Conclusion: Although previous investigations on the different aspects of the wound healing effects of AE and the results of this study exhibited the positive effects of topical Arnebia euchroma on third-degree burn wound, introducing AE as an alternative wound healing agent requires more investigations on its efficacy on human, safety, and possible adverse effects.[GMJ. 2012;1(2):53-59]

scholarly journals Leptin Effects on the Regenerative Capacity of Human Periodontal Cells

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marjan Nokhbehsaim ◽  
Sema Keser ◽  
Andressa Vilas Boas Nogueira ◽  
Andreas Jäger ◽  
Søren Jepsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Periodontal Ligament ◽  
Bioactive Molecules ◽  
Regenerative Capacity ◽  
Endocrine Organ ◽  
Pdl Cells ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Periodontal Healing ◽  
Local Expression

Obesity is increasing throughout the globe and characterized by excess adipose tissue, which represents a complex endocrine organ. Adipose tissue secrets bioactive molecules called adipokines, which act at endocrine, paracrine, and autocrine levels. Obesity has recently been shown to be associated with periodontitis, a disease characterized by the irreversible destruction of the tooth-supporting tissues, that is, periodontium, and also with compromised periodontal healing. Although the underlying mechanisms for these associations are not clear yet, increased levels of proinflammatory adipokines, such as leptin, as found in obese individuals, might be a critical pathomechanistic link. The objective of this study was to examine the impact of leptin on the regenerative capacity of human periodontal ligament (PDL) cells and also to study the local leptin production by these cells. Leptin caused a significant downregulation of growth (TGFβ1, and VEGFA) and transcription (RUNX2) factors as well as matrix molecules (collagen, and periostin) and inhibited SMAD signaling under regenerative conditions. Moreover, the local expression of leptin and its full-length receptor was significantly downregulated by inflammatory, microbial, and biomechanical signals. This study demonstrates that the hormone leptin negatively interferes with the regenerative capacity of PDL cells, suggesting leptin as a pathomechanistic link between obesity and compromised periodontal healing.

Cleavage of PDGF Receptor on Periodontal Ligament Cells by Elastase

2005 ◽  
Vol 84 (7) ◽  
pp. 629-633 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Nemoto ◽  
S. Kanaya ◽  
M. Minamibuchi ◽  
H. Shimauchi
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Periodontal Ligament ◽  
Cell Activation ◽  
Human Leukocyte ◽  
Periodontal Ligament Cells ◽  
Pdgf Receptor ◽  
Leukocyte Elastase ◽  
Pdl Cells ◽  
Human Leukocyte Elastase ◽  
Dependent Cell

Human leukocyte elastase, a neutrophil serine protease, is considered to be a potential immunoregulatory protease. Since the PDGF receptor (PDGFR) on periodontal ligament (PDL) cells is a crucial element for various functions, such as wound healing in periodontal tissue, we investigated the effect of elastase on the expression of PDGFR on PDL cells by flow cytometry and Western blotting. We found that PDGFR-α disappeared with an increasing dose of elastase, and PDGFR-β was degraded into several fragments. Elastase degraded both receptors on fixed cells, indicating that the degradation resulted from direct proteolysis on the cell surface. Elastase also then disturbed the phosphorylation of ERK1/2, JNK/SARK, and p38, triggered by PDGF-AA and PDGF-BB, suggesting that elastase inhibited PDGFR-dependent cell activation in PDL cells. These results suggest that elastase may modulate the PDGF-mediated activity of PDL cells during periodontal wound healing.

In vitro Cellular Aging Stimulates Interleukin-1β Production in Stretched Human Periodontal-ligament-derived Cells

1997 ◽  
Vol 76 (7) ◽  
pp. 1367-1375 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Shimizu ◽  
T. Goseki ◽  
M. Yamaguchi ◽  
T. Iwasawa ◽  
H. Takiguchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Resorption ◽  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Mechanical Stress ◽  
Periodontal Ligament ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Cellular Aging ◽  
Mechanical Tension ◽  
Human Pdl Cells ◽  
Pdl Cells

Although the severity of periodontal disease is known to be affected by host age, the pathological role of aging in periodontal disease, and especially that attributable to trauma from occlusion, has not been well-characterized. Interleukin (IL)-1β is a key mediator involved in periodontal diseases, a potent stimulator of bone resorption. Furthermore, it is produced by human periodontal ligament (PDL) cells in response to mechanical stress. To investigate the age-related changes in the biosynthetic capacity of IL-1β in PDL cells, we examined the effects of in vitro cellular aging with mechanical stress on IL-1β protein and gene expression by human PDL cells. Human PDL cells (young = 5th or 6th passage; old = 18-20th passage) were cultured on flexible-bottomed culture plates, and the cells were deformed at 6 cycles per min at 2 steps of tension force for 1 to 5 days. We found a two-fold increase in IL-lp production by old PDL cells subjected to mechanical tension compared with that by young PDL cells, although the constitutive levels of IL-1β were similar in both the young and old PDL cells. This increase was tension-dependent. IL-1β mRNA was also detected in both the cell types under basal conditions, and its expression was further enhanced by application of mechanical tension by use of reverse-transcription-polymerase chain-reaction (RT-PCR) and in situ hybridization methods. The increase in signal rate was higher in the old cells than in the young cells. IL-1β-converting enzyme mRNA remained unchanged. It is possible that a large amount of IL-1β produced by PDL cells from an aged host in response to mechanical force may be positively related to the accleration of alveolar bone resorption.

Comparison of the ficus for the wound healing activity in various species

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 67-70
Author(s):  
Mothilal K ◽  
Akila CR ◽  
Mahender K ◽  
Chaitanya Kumar K ◽  
Ravi D
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Wound Closure ◽  
Subcutaneous Tissue ◽  
Significant Activity ◽  
Herbal Extracts ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Excision Wound ◽  
Injuries And Wounds ◽  
Skin Conditions ◽  
Wound Healing Activity

Injuries and wounds are any sorts of damage to the skin or subcutaneous tissue. Usually, any wounds of such sorts are self-healed. Sometimes, there may be a delay in healing, and that delay is caused due to the functional delays in various processes of wound healing. All the Ficus plants show similar activities like the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and wound healing properties 7including skin conditions like ulcers and rheumatism. The anthelmintic property and immunomodulatory are also seen. The herbal extracts of the same family of Ficus in different plants were investigated for the wound healing activity in the excision wound method, and the extracts showed significant activity compared to the drug. All the extracts showed a better healing ability, but the extract of FBO-100 showed the highest activity followed by FMO followed by FHO and finally the FRO. Overall, the activity of the extract ointment was comparable and was significant compared to the standard drug ointment. The wound closure of the extract ointment treated groups were better and were completed in 12 days, and the activity was more than 96%. The herbal extracts of the same family of Ficus in different plants were investigated for the wound healing activity in the excision wound method, and the extracts showed significant activity compared to the drug. The plants of microcarpa, benghalensis, religiosa and hispida are compared for the activity, and the order showed for the activity was FBO>FMO>FHO>FRO.

Surveying adherence of dental clinic patients to preventive measures in oral cavity

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 167-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. V. Kudryavtseva ◽  
V. V. Tachalov ◽  
E. S. Loboda ◽  
L. Yu. Orekhova ◽  
E. Yu. Nechai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Dental Health ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Dental Clinic ◽  
The Many ◽  
The Impact

Relevance. Periodontal diseases are a medical and social problem due to the wide spread among the population of developed countries and the impact on the quality of life. Among the many factors that are important in the development of inflammatory periodontal diseases, an important role is played by adherence to the recommendations of the dentist in respecting oral hygiene. Aim of the work was to study the adherence of patients of the dental clinic to compliance with preventive measures in the oral cavity.Materials and methods. A total of 98 patients of dental clinic, 62 female (medial age 38,6 ± 14,0 years) and 36 male (medial age 37,2±13,1 years) participated in survey. The study participants flled in the profle and answered questions about age, gender, harmful working conditions and bad habits, frequency of visits to the dental clinic, attitudes to the prevention of dental diseases, knowledge about the means and methods of oral hygiene.Results. As a result of the study, it was found that in the vast majority of cases, respondents are employed in production that does not adversely affect their health (91%), only 8% of patients indicated harmful working conditions.Conclusions. The study revealed that, despite the recommendations of the dentist, patients are not always committed to the implementation of preventive measures in the oral cavity. Dentists need to motivate patients to use not only the usual methods and means of hygiene, but also additional ones necessary for maintaining dental health.

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