Laser Reflectance Interferometry for In Situ Determination of Silicon Etch Rate in Various Solution

1999 ◽  
Vol 146 (10) ◽  
pp. 3890-3895 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elin Steinsland ◽  
Terje Finstad ◽  
Anders Hanneborg
Keyword(s):  
Etch Rate ◽  
Laser Reflectance

ETCH Rate and Thickness Measurements of Layered GaAs, AlAs and AlGaAs Structures Using a Laser Reflectance Technique

1994 ◽  
Vol 340 ◽  
Author(s):  
Louise H. Grober ◽  
M. Hong ◽  
R.D. Grober ◽  
J.P. Mannaerts ◽  
R.S. Freund
Keyword(s):  
Computer Simulation ◽  
Theoretical Model ◽  
Etch Rate ◽  
Etch Depth ◽  
Laser Reflectance ◽  
Layer Structures ◽  
Etch Rates ◽  
Thickness Measurements ◽  
Laser Reflectometry

ABSTRACTLaser reflectometry has been shown to be a useful tool for etch depth measurements during etching of multiple layer structures. We have extended the use of laser reflectometry to accurately determine the etch rates of GaAs, Al0.4Ga0.6As and AlAs as a function of temperature and to verify layer thickness in-situ. By use of computer simulation we compare a theoretical model to actual data to determine layer thicknesses and accurate etch rates. We compare our data to previously published work for GaAs etching.

INDIREKTE PAPIERCHROMATOGRAPHISCHE METHODE ZUR BESTIMMUNG DER HARNOESTROGENE

1961 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 545-562 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Kecskés ◽  
F. Mutschler ◽  
I. Glós ◽  
E. Thán ◽  
I. Farkas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Granulosa Cell ◽  
Iron Content ◽  
List Type ◽  
Granulosa Cell Tumour ◽  
Hydrolysis Of ◽  
Phenol Fraction ◽  
Qualitative Determination

ABSTRACT 1. An indirect paperchromatographic method is described for separating urinary oestrogens; this consists of the following steps: acidic hydrolysis, extraction with ether, dissociation of phenol-fractions with partition between the solvents. Previous purification of phenol fraction with the aid of paperchromatography. The elution of oestrogen containing fractions is followed by acetylation. Oestrogen acetate is isolated by re-chromatography. The chromatogram was developed after hydrolysis of the oestrogens 'in situ' on the paper. The quantity of oestrogens was determined indirectly, by means of an iron-reaction, after the elution of the iron content of the oestrogen spot, which was developed by the Jellinek-reaction. 2. The method described above is satisfactory for determining urinary oestrogen, 17β-oestradiol and oestriol, but could include 16-epioestriol and other oestrogenic metabolites. 3. The sensitivity of the method is 1.3–1.6 μg/24 hours. 4. The quantitative and qualitative determination of urinary oestrogens with the above mentioned method was performed in 50 pregnant and 9 non pregnant women, and also in 2 patients with granulosa cell tumour.

Single Crystal Growth of High-Pressure Phases of Ice and Salt Hydrate Far Below the Original Melting Point by Mixing Alcohol: Crystal Structure Determination of Magnesium Chloride Heptahydrate

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keishiro Yamashita ◽  
Kazuki Komatsu ◽  
Hiroyuki Kagi
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
High Pressure ◽  
Crystal Growth ◽  
Single Crystal ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Growth Technique ◽  
Salt Hydrate ◽  
X Ray

An crystal-growth technique for single crystal x-ray structure analysis of high-pressure forms of hydrogen-bonded crystals is proposed. We used alcohol mixture (methanol: ethanol = 4:1 in volumetric ratio), which is a widely used pressure transmitting medium, inhibiting the nucleation and growth of unwanted crystals. In this paper, two kinds of single crystals which have not been obtained using a conventional experimental technique were obtained using this technique: ice VI at 1.99 GPa and MgCl<sub>2</sub>·7H<sub>2</sub>O at 2.50 GPa at room temperature. Here we first report the crystal structure of MgCl2·7H2O. This technique simultaneously meets the requirement of hydrostaticity for high-pressure experiments and has feasibility for further in-situ measurements.

Determination of Internal Stresses During Pearlite Transformation of 0.8c–1.5Mn Steel Through In-Situ Neutron Diffraction

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Satoshi Morooka ◽  
Nobuo Nakada ◽  
Yuhki Tsukada ◽  
Wu Gong ◽  
Takuro Kawasaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neutron Diffraction ◽  
Internal Stresses

Simple, Direct and Simultaneous Stripping Voltammetric Determination of Lead and Copper in Gasoline Using an In Situ Mercury Film Electrode

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 498-504 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lorena Martiniano ◽  
Joseany Almeida ◽  
Glene Cavalcante ◽  
Edmar Marques ◽  
Teresa Fonseca ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Voltammetric Determination ◽  
Film Electrode ◽  
Mercury Film Electrode ◽  
Mercury Film

scholarly journals 7Au@SnO2-vertical graphene-based microneedle sensor for in-situ determination of abscisic acid in plants

2021 ◽  
pp. 112237
Author(s):  
ZhengWang ◽  
Lifang Xue ◽  
Mingji Li ◽  
Cuiping Li ◽  
Penghai Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Abscisic Acid
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