Effect of Elevated PEM Fuel Cell Operating Temperature (120°C and 140°C) and Membrane Thickness on Proton Conductivity for Combat Vehicle Use

2020 ◽  
Vol 97 (7) ◽  
pp. 685-696
Author(s):  
Theodore Burye
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Proton Conductivity ◽  
Operating Temperature ◽  
Pem Fuel Cell ◽  
Membrane Thickness ◽  
Combat Vehicle

scholarly journals Effects of Proton Exchange Membrane (PEM) Thickness and Equivalent Weight (EW) on the PEM Fuel Cell Performance at Different Cell Operating Temperatures

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdulhamed A. Sghayer ◽  
Khaled A. Mazuz ◽  
Naji A. Issa ◽  
Adel Diyaf
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Proton Conductivity ◽  
Proton Exchange Membrane ◽  
Pem Fuel Cell ◽  
Proton Exchange ◽  
Membrane Thickness ◽  
Membrane Area ◽  
Fuel Cell Performance ◽  
Exchange Membrane ◽  
Made In

The proton conductivity of Nafion 112, 1035, 1135, 115, and 117 membranes has been studied. Measurements were made in 1 M H2SO4 at 298 K using a four-electrode, dc technique. The membrane area resistance increases with thickness, and it was 0.065, 0.092, 0.076, 0.115, and 0.13 ?. cm2 for Nafion 112, 1035, 1135, 115, and 117 membranes respectively. The results also showed that the proton conductivity of Nafion 112, 1035, 1135, 115, and 117 membranes was 0.09, 0.11, 0.10, 0.13, and 0.16 S.cm-1 respectively.In the PEM fuel cell applications, it was observed that the optimum Nafion ionomer wt.% requirement does not change with the membrane thickness and the membrane EW. In addition, the Nafion 1035 membrane can remain hydrated for longer than the Nafion 1135, or Nafion 112 membranes because it’s EW is (1000) lower than the Nafion EW of Nafion 1135 (1100), and Nafion 112 (1100). In other words, a higher performance, more stable, and longer life PEM fuel cell can be obtained by using Nafion 1035 membrane as a solid electrolyte especially for high operating temperature.

Effect of Elevated PEM Fuel Cell Operating Temperature (120°C and 140°C) and Membrane Thickness on Proton Conductivity for Combat Vehicle Use

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Theodore Burye
Keyword(s):  
Proton Conductivity ◽  
Proton Exchange Membrane ◽  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Operating Temperature ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Proton Exchange ◽  
Membrane Thickness ◽  
Membrane Degradation ◽  
Combat Vehicle ◽  
Exchange Membrane

Electrical power required to operate vehicles in the U.S. Army is increasing due to expanding mission requirements, such as silent watch, exportable power, and powerful onboard electronics. Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells (PEMFCs) provide a solution, but stack thermal-cycling, electrocatalyst and membrane degradation losses need to be reduced before integration of PEMFCs can be realized. Membrane thermal degradation is exacerbated by poor heat rejection (as ballistic grills impede airflow) which can raise stack temperatures ≥140°C. Commercial PEMFCs operate ~65°C so elevated temperatures could degrade the membrane. Nafion 115 (127 μm), 117 (183 μm) and 1110 (254 μm) membranes submerged in 16 MΩ water were heated between 65-140°C to investigate elevated temperature and membrane thickness on proton conductivity. EIS results showed sample thickness did not statistically impact conductivity overall. Conductivity, however, was impacted for temperatures >100°C with each material. Overall, these materials are not suitable when operating PEMFCs above 100°C.

scholarly journals The Effect of Proton Conductivity of Fe–N–C–Based Cathode on PEM Fuel cell Performance

2020 ◽  
Vol 167 (8) ◽  
pp. 084501
Author(s):  
Tatyana Reshetenko ◽  
Günter Randolf ◽  
Madeleine Odgaard ◽  
Barr Zulevi ◽  
Alexey Serov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Proton Conductivity ◽  
Pem Fuel Cell ◽  
Cell Performance ◽  
Fuel Cell Performance

Effect of Cathode Proton Conductivity on PGM-free PEM Fuel Cell Performance

2020 ◽  
Vol MA2020-02 (41) ◽  
pp. 2686-2686
Author(s):  
Tatyana V. Reshetenko ◽  
Guenter Randolf ◽  
Madeleine Odgaard ◽  
Barr Zulevi ◽  
Alexey Serov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Proton Conductivity ◽  
Pem Fuel Cell ◽  
Cell Performance ◽  
Fuel Cell Performance

scholarly journals Design and Empirical Inquisition of Catalytic Combustor for Methanol Steam Reformer in HT-PEM Fuel Cell Systems

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 1776-1783
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Active Sites ◽  
Operating Temperature ◽  
Pem Fuel Cell ◽  
Packed Bed ◽  
Cell System ◽  
Normal Operation ◽  
Water Mixture ◽  
Steam Reformer ◽  
Catalytic Combustor

Steam reforming of methanol is a basic endothermic reaction. For which, a separate external system is required for generation of heat. The reaction speeds are controlled by operating temperature and heat transfer rate to the reactor. This operating temperature has a very narrow window of operation. It is therefore extremely important to have a system that generates controlled combustion based stable heat for providing required heat to reformer. A design of catalytic combustor was developed and analyzed for methanol steam reformer. The packed bed of combustion catalyst provides active sites for combustion of the methanol water mixture during start-up and later for combustion of anode exhaust gas (AEG) during normal operation. The combustion reactions and their thermodynamics were studied for commercial catalyst. System design was simulated using Engineering Equation Solver (EES) software for determining the quantity of air required for combustion of fuel as well as for dilution of gases to maintain a temperature of 573 K. The design was analyzed using ANSYS DISCOVERY LIVE for understanding the different operating condition(s) inside the combustor. It was also used to generate design of experiments to evaluate, build and demonstrate a catalytic combustor for on-board reformer for HT-PEM fuel cell system.

scholarly journals New proton-conducting polydiimidazopyridine based membrane for ht-pem fuel cell

2019 ◽  
Vol 486 (4) ◽  
pp. 441-445
Author(s):  
I. I. Ponomarev ◽  
D. Yu. Razorenov ◽  
Iv. I. Ponomarev ◽  
Yu. A. Volkova ◽  
K. M. Skupov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Thermal Oxidation ◽  
Oxidation Resistance ◽  
Proton Conductivity ◽  
Polyphosphoric Acid ◽  
Pem Fuel Cell ◽  
High Viscosity ◽  
Proton Conducting ◽  
Film Forming ◽  
Conducting Membranes

Polydiimidazopyridine was synthesized from 2,3,5,6-tetraaminopyridine and 2,5-dihydroxyterephtalatic acid in polyphosphoric acid and characterized. Polydiimidazopyridine possesses high viscosity, high thermal oxidation resistance and excellent film-forming properties. The polymer was processed from reaction mixture in polyphosphoric acid into proton conducting membranes. The membranes possess higher proton conductivity than for many known membranes at 20-200 °C.

Development of Foamed PES-Zeolite Mixed Matrix Membranes for PEM Fuel Cell Humidification

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Russell Borduin ◽  
Wei Li
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Operating Temperature ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Pem Fuel Cell ◽  
Department Of Energy ◽  
High Price ◽  
Mixed Matrix Membranes ◽  
Mixed Matrix Membrane ◽  
Mixed Matrix ◽  
Weight Loading

Polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) fuel cell efficiency must be improved in order to become cost-competitive with fossil fuel based technologies. Approaches to increasing cost efficiency include raising fuel cell operating temperature, reducing component cost and properly controlling fuel cell humidification. We sought to fulfill all three requirements by developing a new low-cost, high-temperature humidification membrane material. Currently Nafion dominates the membrane humidifier market due to its excellent water transport characteristics, but its high price (∼$1000/m2) and low maximum operating temperature (<90°C) drive up fuel cell cost. We developed a competing PES-zeolite mixed matrix membrane (MMM) with a porous microstructure. Solvent casting was used to form the initial PES-zeolite films, followed by solid state foaming to alter the film morphology and create a porous structure. The effects of both zeolite weight loading and foaming duration on membrane permeability were investigated. Membrane measurement results show both foaming and increased zeolite weight loading enhance membrane water permeability close to levels seen in Nafion. Meanwhile, the membranes satisfies the Department of Energy (DOE) crossover gas requirement for humidification membrane materials.

Measurements of proton conductivity in the active layer of PEM fuel cell gas diffusion electrodes

1998 ◽  
Vol 43 (24) ◽  
pp. 3703-3709 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Boyer ◽  
S. Gamburzev ◽  
O. Velev ◽  
S. Srinivasan ◽  
A.J. Appleby
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Proton Conductivity ◽  
Active Layer ◽  
Pem Fuel Cell ◽  
Gas Diffusion ◽  
Gas Diffusion Electrodes

Experimental Performance Evaluation of a High Temperature PEM Fuel Cell Prototype Under Various Operating Conditions

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susanta K. Das
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Operating Temperature ◽  
Pem Fuel Cell ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Co Poisoning ◽  
Current Voltage ◽  
Current Voltage Characteristics ◽  
Fuel Stream ◽  
High Temperature Pem

In this study, we experimentally evaluated our newly designed high temperature PEM fuel cell (HTPEMFC) prototype performance at different operating conditions. In particular, we investigated the effects of operating temperature, pressure, air stoichiometry and CO poisoning in the anode fuel stream on the current-voltage characteristics of the HTPEMFC prototype. Experimental results obtained from the single HTPEM fuel cell show that the performance is quite steady with high CO-level reformate at high operating temperature which makes it possible to feed the reformate gas directly from the reformer to the stack without further CO removal. In order to develop design parameters for fuel reformer, experimental data of this type would be very useful. The results obtained from this study showed significant variations in current-voltage characteristics of HTPEMFC at different temperatures with different CO poisoning rates. The results are promising to understand the overall system performance development strategy of HTPEMFC in terms of current-voltage characteristics while fed with reformate with different CO ratios in the anode fuel stream.

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