How to Analyze, Preserve, and Communicate Leonardo's Drawing? A Solution to Visualize in RTR Fine Art Graphics Established from “the Best Sense”

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-30
Author(s):  
Fabrizio Ivan Apollonio ◽  
Riccardo Foschi ◽  
Marco Gaiani ◽  
Simone Garagnani
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Physical Model ◽  
Research Program ◽  
Fine Art ◽  
Appearance Modeling ◽  
Accurate Analysis ◽  
Wide Audience ◽  
Museum Visitors ◽  
Critical Issues ◽  
Materials Used

Original hand drawings by Leonardo are astonishing collections of knowledge, superb representations of the artist's way of working, which proves the technical and cultural peak of the Renaissance era. However, due to their delicate and fragile nature, they are hard to manipulate and compulsory to preserve. To overcome this problem we developed, in a 10-year-long research program, a complete workflow to produce a system able to replace, investigate, describe and communicate ancient fine drawings through what Leonardo calls “ the best sense ” (i.e., the view), the so-called ISLe ( InSightLeonardo ). The outcoming visualization app is targeted to a wide audience made of museum visitors and, most importantly, art historians, scholars, conservators, and restorers. This article describes a specific feature of the workflow: the appearance modeling with the aim of an accurate Real-Time Rendering (RTR) visualization. This development is based on the direct observation of five among the most known Leonardo da Vinci's drawings, spanning his entire activity as a draftsman, and it is the result of an accurate analysis of drawing materials used by Leonardo, in which peculiarities of materials are digitally reproduced at the various scales exploiting solutions that favor the accuracy of perceived reproduction instead of the fidelity to the physical model and their ability to be efficiently implemented over a standard GPU-accelerated RTR pipeline. Results of the development are exemplified on five of Leonardo's drawings and multiple evaluations of the results, subjective and objective, are illustrated, aiming to assess potential and critical issues of the application.

Design of a Remote Mine Gas Concentration Detector

2011 ◽  
Vol 110-116 ◽  
pp. 4739-4743
Author(s):  
Su Xu
Keyword(s):  
Human Computer Interaction ◽  
Real Time ◽  
High Speed ◽  
System Structure ◽  
Single Chip ◽  
Accurate Analysis ◽  
Gas Concentration ◽  
Implementation Scheme ◽  
Mine Gas ◽  
Specific Implementation

In this paper, a remote mine-gas concentration real-time detecting system is realized, which is cored at the MSP430F247 single chip and the Siemens TC35GSM module. The author introduces the system structure, functional principle and specific implementation scheme in details. Besides, the real-time collection of gas concentration, high-speed and accurate analysis on the data, setting and exceeding standard alarm of gas concentration, remote date transportation and good human-computer interaction displaying function can be realized through the making and debugging of the prototype.

scholarly journals Sounderfeit: cloning a physical model using a conditional adversarial autoencoder

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen Sinclair
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Parameter Estimation ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Physical Model ◽  
Physical Modeling ◽  
Synthesis System ◽  
Bidirectional Relationship ◽  
Adversarial Training ◽  
Recorded Data

An adversarial autoencoder conditioned on known parameters of a physical modeling bowed string syn- thesizer is evaluated for use in parameter estimation and resynthesis tasks. Latent dimensions are provided to cap- ture variance not explained by the conditional parameters. Results are compared with and without the adversarial training, and a system capable of “copying” a given parameter-signal bidirectional relationship is examined. A real- -time synthesis system built on a generative, conditioned and regularized neural network is presented, allowing to construct engaging sound synthesizers based purely on recorded data. 

On Virtual Clearance Monitoring of Steam Turbine by Using Model Order Reduction

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroshi Ito ◽  
Shoichiro Hosomi ◽  
Norikazu Tezuka ◽  
Tomohiro Ishida
Keyword(s):  
Steam Turbine ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Physical Model ◽  
Order Reduction ◽  
Radial Clearance ◽  
Steam Turbines ◽  
Model Order ◽  
Change Rate ◽  
Time Prediction ◽  
Fusion Approach

Abstract With the increasing need for flexible operation (shorter startup time and higher load change rate etc.), clearance monitoring between the rotor and the stationary components in steam turbines is becoming more important. This is because as load change rate increases, minimum radial and axial clearances during operation tend to be smaller due to thermal deformation of steam turbines, and the risk of contact between the rotor and the stationary components becomes higher. This situation has accelerated development of clearance sensors. However, it is still difficult to monitor all possible points of contact only with physical sensors due to limited installation location and short lifetime in high temperature environment. From the above background, we have been developing a virtual clearance monitoring (VCM) technique based on a novel data fusion approach that utilizes both physical and data-driven models. Specifically, a reduced order model (ROM) is used as physical model in order to enable real-time prediction with an accuracy similar to that of finite element analysis (FEA). Then, the prediction error of the physical model is corrected by using a residual model built by machine learning from the past clearance sensor values and the corresponding physical model-based prediction results. As will be explained in this report, this technique has an advantage that the clearances can be predicted in real-time based only on operating data such as steam conditions at inlet and outlet, and some temperatures in the parts not modeled in the ROM. Therefore, the virtual sensor based on this technique can be used as a replacement for the physical sensor after it has failed. Furthermore, this technique can also be used to preliminarily study unsteady clearance behavior for inexperienced operating conditions. This paper describes how to build the ROM from a finite element model for thermal-structural analysis of an entire steam turbine by model order reduction (MOR), and the detail of the VCM technique, and a VCM system installed in a measurement room of a state-of-the-art GTCC power plant manufactured by Mitsubishi Power. In addition, the verification results of the VCM system are presented. In this research, the ROM and the residual model were built using the data obtained from four operations with different start-up modes each other. Then, VCM was performed for 12 operating cases. As a result, this survey revealed the followings: (1) This system is capable of real-time prediction with output intervals of roughly 2 seconds. (2) As for radial clearance prediction error during rotor rotating, the RMSEs and the absolute values of minimum value errors are less than or equal to 7.2 % and 7.0 % respectively relative to an initial radial clearance value during the steam turbine stopping. From the above results, we conclude that this VCM technique based on data fusion approach is effective in terms of computational speed and prediction accuracy. This means that if a physical clearance sensor fails, the radial clearance can be continuously monitored by a virtual clearance sensor with a residual model built using the data when the sensor was working normally. In the future, we plan to further improve the accuracy of this technique through improvement in physical modeling.

Assessing energy performance and critical issues of a large wastewater treatment plant through full-scale data benchmarking

2019 ◽  
Vol 80 (8) ◽  
pp. 1421-1429 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Rosa di Cicco ◽  
Antonio Spagnuolo ◽  
Antonio Masiello ◽  
Carmela Vetromile ◽  
Mariano Nappa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plant ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Detailed Knowledge ◽  
Time Data ◽  
Critical Issues ◽  
System Variables

Abstract The wastewater sector accounts for 25% of the global energy demand in the water sector. Since this consumption is expected to increase in the forthcoming years, energy optimization strategies are needed. A truly effective planning of energy improvement measures requires a detailed knowledge of a system, which can only be achieved through energy audit and real-time monitoring. In order to improve the identification of critical issues related to the use of energy resources within a wastewater treatment plant (WWTP), the paper shows the results of a monitoring campaign performed on a large WWTP in southern Italy. Data obtained for the audit cover a 4-year timeframe (2014–2017). Energy–environmental performance has been evaluated through the benchmarking of: system variables, specific consumptions, and operational indicators. Moreover, by using a real-time data measurement and acquisition system it has been possible to evaluate the real performance of the most energy-intensive apparatus of the plant (a turbo-blower), over a period of 8 months. The main results indicate that (a) the plant is mainly affected by a massive capture of infiltrations, working in conditions close to the maximum hydraulic capacity, (b) real-time energy measurements are necessary to accurately characterize plant consumptions and adequately assess their critical aspects.

scholarly journals Real time implementation and validation of lean implementation model for sustainability (LIMS) in medium scale industry

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3.29) ◽  
pp. 16
Author(s):  
S Gunasekharan ◽  
D Elangovan ◽  
S Sudhakara Reddy ◽  
M Maheswari
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Lean Manufacturing ◽  
Success Factors ◽  
Socially Responsible ◽  
Lean Implementation ◽  
Medium Scale ◽  
Implementation Model ◽  
Critical Success ◽  
Reduction Techniques ◽  
Materials Used

Lean manufacturing is a strategic tool, which is used to cut down waste and to improve the efficiency of an organization and helps the organization to sustain in the competitive environment. Implementation of lean systems in organization results in reduce energy consumption, waste generation, and hazardous materials used while also building the companies’ images as socially responsible organizations. Several research efforts discussed in the literature indicate that lean companies show significant environmental improvements by being more resource and energy efficient. Lean systems are associated with waste reduction techniques. In foreign, many industries have started implementing these concepts and they are getting good results. In India, companies are facing problems in implementing lean concept. Critical success factors for lean system implementation in Indian medium scale manufacturing industries has been identified to overcome it. The factors are grouped into different levels by Interpretive Structural Modelling (ISM). A lean implementation model has been developed for medium scale industry and named as 'LIMS'. This paper investigates the implementation and validation of the LIMS through the real time implementation in a medium scale industry. 

scholarly journals An Evacuation Route Model of Crowd Based on Emotion and Geodesic

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bangquan Liu ◽  
Zhen Liu ◽  
Dechao Sun ◽  
Chunyue Bi
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Geometric Constraints ◽  
Crowd Density ◽  
Time Simulation ◽  
Critical Issues ◽  
Particle Hydrodynamics ◽  
Crowd Evacuation ◽  
Dense Crowd ◽  
Evacuation Route ◽  
Real Time Simulations

Making unconventional emergent plan for dense crowd is one of the critical issues of evacuation simulations. In order to make the behavior of crowd more believable, we present a real-time evacuation route approach based on emotion and geodesic under the influence of individual emotion and multi-hazard circumstances. The proposed emotion model can reflect the dynamic process of individual in group on three factors: individual emotion, perilous field, and crowd emotion. Specifically, we first convert the evacuation scene to Delaunay triangulation representations. Then, we use the optimization-driven geodesic approach to calculate the best evacuation path with user-specified geometric constraints, such as crowd density, obstacle information, and perilous field. Finally, the Smooth Particle Hydrodynamics method is used for local avoidance of collisions with nearby agents in real-time simulation. Extensive experimental results show that our algorithm is efficient and well suited for real-time simulations of crowd evacuation.

scholarly journals Performance Indicators of Printed Construction Materials: a Durability-Based Approach

Buildings ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 97 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zoubeir Lafhaj ◽  
Zakaria Dakhli
Keyword(s):  
Performance Indicators ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Research Fields ◽  
Execution Phase ◽  
Critical Issues ◽  
Materials Research ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Printed Materials

Studying the durability of materials and structures, including 3D-printed structures, is now a key step in better meeting the challenges of sustainable development and integrating technical and economic aspects from the design phase into the execution phase. While digital and robotics technologies have been well developed for construction 3D printing, the material aspect still faces critical issues to meet the evolving requirements for buildings. This research aims to develop performance indicators for 3D-printed materials used in construction regardless of the nature of the material. A general guideline is to be established as a result of this research. Thus, the literature review analyzes traditional durability approaches to construction materials and challenges are identified for potential applications in construction. The results suggest that performance indicators for 3D-printed materials should be checked as printable through an experimental case study. This research could be of interest to researchers, professionals, and start-ups in the construction and materials research fields.

The Effect of Interface Delays in Substructuring Experiments

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Rosaria Marsico ◽  
David J. Wagg ◽  
Simon A. Neild
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Physical Model ◽  
Test Piece ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Alternative Solution ◽  
Hybrid Testing ◽  
Physical Test ◽  
Time Dynamic ◽  
Control Techniques ◽  
Dynamic Substructuring

Normally, for feasibility reasons, tests must be conducted on scaled structures, although scaling can introduce other issues. An alternative solution is to experimentally test the part of the structure that is of particular interest, at full or closer to full scale, while numerically modeling the remainder of the structure. This method is termed real-time dynamic substructuring or hybrid testing. To complete the substructure interaction the forces required to impose the displacements on the physical model are measured and applied to the model in real-time. One of the key challenges is to compensate for the dynamics associated with the actuators that are imposing the displacements on the physical test-piece. Ideally these actuators would act instantaneously however even with sophisticated control techniques interface errors are inevitable. We used an example system to study the effects of interface error modeled as a delay, on the accuracy of the overall substructuring technique.

A physical model and experimental testbed for real‐time simulation of flute‐like instruments

2005 ◽  
Vol 117 (4) ◽  
pp. 2414-2414
Author(s):  
Patricio de la Cuadra ◽  
Benoît Fabre ◽  
Jonathan S. Abel ◽  
Julius O. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Physical Model ◽  
Real Time Simulation ◽  
Time Simulation ◽  
Experimental Testbed
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