Evaluation of Information Comprehension in Concurrent Speech-based Designs

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-19
Author(s):  
Muhammad Abu Ul Fazal ◽  
Sam Ferguson ◽  
Andrew Johnston
Keyword(s):  
Information Comprehension

scholarly journals User testing digital, multimedia information to inform children, adolescents and their parents about healthcare trials

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 468-482 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca Sheridan ◽  
Jacqueline Martin-Kerry ◽  
Ian Watt ◽  
Steven Higgins ◽  
Simon R Stones ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multimedia Information ◽  
Insulin Pump ◽  
User Testing ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Digital Multimedia ◽  
Multimedia Resources ◽  
Fit For Purpose ◽  
Information Materials ◽  
Information Comprehension ◽  
Participant Information

Digital, multimedia information resources (MMIs) containing text, video, animation and pictures are a promising alternative to written participant information materials designed to inform children, adolescents and parents about healthcare trials, but little research has tested whether they are fit for purpose. This study employed a consecutive groups design and user testing questionnaire to assess whether participants were able to find and understand key information in multimedia resources. Two rounds of testing were completed. In each round, seven children aged 7–11 tested the MMI with a parent; six adolescents aged 12–17 and seven parents tested the MMI independently. After round 1, the resources were revised based on participant scores, behaviour and feedback. Round 1 identified problems with 2/10 information items (length of trial and use of insulin pump); only 3/20 participants could locate all information items without difficulty. After revisions, 14/20 participants scored a clear round. Information comprehension was high: 96% understood in round 1 and 99% in round 2. Participant feedback on the multimedia resources was positive, although presentation preferences varied. User testing was employed successfully with children, adolescents and parents to identify issues with, and improve, multimedia resources developed to inform potential healthcare trial participants.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of Tutoring to Improve Academic Performance in Nursing Students at the University of Seville

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 93-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
María Dolores Guerra-Martín ◽  
Marta Lima-Serrano ◽  
Joaquín Salvador Lima-Rodríguez
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Academic Performance ◽  
Nursing Students ◽  
At Risk Students ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Academic Failure ◽  
Program Satisfaction ◽  
Tutoring Program ◽  
Information Comprehension ◽  
Education Support

In response to the increase of Higher Education support provided to tutoring programs, this paper presents the design, implementation and evaluation of a tutoring program to improve the academic performance of at-risk students enrolled in the last year of a nursing degree characterized by academic failure (failed courses). A controlled experimental study was carried out to evaluate a tutoring program that included a minimum of nine meetings performed by an expert professor as tutor. A questionnaire for assessing the academic needs was designed and interventions were performed when responses were: nothing, a little or something. Medium to large effects were found in the progress of failed course to passed course (p =.000, rφ = .30), improving the information about courses (p < .001, d = 2.01), the information comprehension (p < .001, d = 0.85) and the strategies to improve academic performance (p < .001, d = 1.37). The intervention group students’ response highlighted program satisfaction and effectiveness. The significance of the study lies in reinforcing the formal tutoring as a tool to improve academic performance in at-risk students.

The Effects of Context on the Comprehension of Graphic Symbols

1993 ◽  
Vol 37 (8) ◽  
pp. 511-515 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Vukelich ◽  
Leslie A. Whitaker
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Contextual Information ◽  
Context Condition ◽  
Intended Meaning ◽  
Graphic Symbols ◽  
Use Context ◽  
Symbol Comprehension ◽  
Information Comprehension ◽  
Comprehension Accuracy

When graphic symbols are used to convey warning information, these symbols must be evaluated for effectiveness prior to their use. In general, the ability of these symbols to convey their intended meaning has been determined in tests which provide no contextual information surrounding the symbols. In the present study, 75 university students were tested to determine their comprehension of twenty different symbols using various context conditions. Verbal context was provided in two forms: full context and partial context. Full context consisted of a two- sentence description of the setting in which the symbol would be presented. Partial context consisted of a more general, two-word description of the use context. The control condition presented the symbols without contextual information. Comprehension was higher when full context was provided with the symbols than when the symbols were presented in isolation. For some symbols, the full context condition resulted in higher comprehension than the partial context condition and the partial context condition resulted in higher comprehension than the no context condition. Comprehension accuracy was also affected by the subject's familiarity with the symbols. Comprehension was higher for symbols rated high in familiarity than for symbols rated lower in familiarity. On the basis of these findings, a recommendation was made that evaluations should provide some form of contextual information along with the symbols to allow a more realistic test of symbol comprehension.

Cognitive needs and use of social media: a comparative study of gratifications sought and gratification obtained

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 79-90
Author(s):  
Ashfaq Hussain ◽  
Ghulam Shabir ◽  
Taimoor-Ul-Hassan
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Media Use ◽  
Social Media Use ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Uses And Gratification ◽  
Uses And Gratification Theory ◽  
Information Professionals ◽  
Use Of Social Media ◽  
Information Comprehension

Purpose The purpose of this study is to compare the gratification sought and gratification obtained for cognitive needs from social media among information professionals in the limelight of uses and gratification theory. Cognitive needs are related to knowledge, acquiring information, comprehension etc., and gratification sought and gratification obtained are two distinct components of the uses and gratification theory. Design/methodology/approach For this quantitative research study, a self-administered survey questionnaire was used to collect data from the participants of the study. Sample of this study was 700 information professionals who are necessarily users of social media. Findings Finding of this study depicted that gratification obtained and gratification sought from social media for cognitive needs are different from each other, and information professionals need to revisit their social media use for cognitive needs. Research limitations/implications The present study is limited to gratification sought and gratification obtained for cognitive needs among information professionals. Practical implications This study has determined that information professionals need to revisit their social media use for cognitive needs, as the obtained gratifications are different from gratification sought from social media. Social implications Social media provides versatility of information in different forms and large numbers of information professionals are the users of social media around globe. Perceived use of social media for cognitive needs has been resulted into destructed gratifications. This study has brought the actual outcome of the use of social media to the audience so that they may rectify their social media use. Originality/value This study is a significant contribution for information professionals to review the gratifications sought and obtained from social media for cognitive needs. It has been established in this study that gratifications sought are significantly different from gratifications obtained from social media among information professionals.

Neural modulations in processing of natural information in patients with schizophrenia and their unaffected siblings

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. s819-s819
Author(s):  
Y. Lerner ◽  
M. Bleich-Cohen ◽  
W. Madah ◽  
S. Solnik ◽  
G. Yogev-Seligmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Information Processing ◽  
Response Time ◽  
Real Life ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Schizophrenia Group ◽  
Natural Information ◽  
Time Courses ◽  
Competing Interest ◽  
Information Comprehension ◽  
First Episode Schizophrenia

Recent studies in healthy populations have shown a hierarchical network of brain areas to process information over time. Specifically, we revealed that the capacity to accumulate information changes gradually from the early sensory areas toward high-order perceptual and cognitive areas. Previous research in schizophrenia pointed to impairment in comprehension of information. Yet, the neural mechanisms underlying the breakdown of information processing are poorly known. Better understanding of the neural circuits involved in information processing may assist in early identification of predisposition to the disease. Using fMRI, we examined different levels of information comprehension elicited by naturally presented stimuli. Healthy participants, patients with first episode schizophrenia and their undiagnosed siblings listened to a real-life narrated story and scrambled versions of it. To estimate the level of synchronization in response time courses, we calculated inter-subject correlation (inter-SC) across the entire stimuli within each group. The time-scale gradients found in healthy and siblings groups were consistent with our previous findings. Within the schizophrenia group, the reliability patterns obtained for the shortest and intermediate temporal scales were similar to patterns observed in healthy groups. However, the analysis of responses to story condition (long temporal scale) revealed robust and widespread disruption of the inter-SC. In comparison to healthy groups, the response time courses to the story were highly variable within the schizophrenia group, although some significant inter-SCs in the TPJ and precuneus were found. The hierarchical temporal deficit is a fundamental trait that may be a better target for the study of the etiology and pathophysiology of the disease.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

scholarly journals Presenting self-monitoring test results for consumers: the effects of graphical formats and age

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (8) ◽  
pp. 1036-1046 ◽  
Author(s):  
Da Tao ◽  
Juan Yuan ◽  
Xingda Qu
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Task Performance ◽  
Task Completion ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Self Monitoring ◽  
Movement Data ◽  
Information Cues ◽  
Monitoring Test ◽  
Text Color ◽  
Information Comprehension

Abstract Objective To examine the effects of graphical formats and age on consumers’ comprehension and perceptions of the use of self-monitoring test results. Methods Participants (36 older and 36 young adults) were required to perform verbatim comprehension and value interpretation tasks with hypothetical self-monitoring test results. The test results were randomly presented by four reference range number lines: basic, color enhanced, color/text enhanced, and personalized information enhanced formats. We measured participants’ task performance and eye movement data during task completion, and their perceptions and preference of the graphical formats. Results The 4 graphical formats yielded comparable task performance, while text/color and personalized information enhanced formats were believed to be easier and more useful in information comprehension, and led to increased confidence in correct comprehension of test results, compared with other formats (all p’s &lt; .05). Perceived health risk increased as the formats applied more information cues (p = .008). There were age differences in task performance and visual attention (all p’s &lt; .01), while young and older adults had similar perceptions for the 4 formats. Personalized information enhanced format was preferred by both groups. Conclusions Text/color and personalized information cues appear to be useful for comprehending test results. Future work can be directed to improve the design of graphical formats especially for older adults, and to assess the formats in clinical settings.

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