scholarly journals Paleomagnetic and magnetic fabric data from Lower Triassic redbeds of the Central Western Carpathians: new constraints on the paleogeographic and tectonic evolution of the Carpathian region

2019 ◽  
Vol 177 (3) ◽  
pp. 509-522 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafał Szaniawski ◽  
Mirosław Ludwiniak ◽  
Stefano Mazzoli ◽  
Jacek Szczygieł ◽  
Leszek Jankowski
Keyword(s):  
Tectonic Evolution ◽  
Lower Triassic ◽  
Magnetic Fabric ◽  
Western Carpathians ◽  
Carpathian Region ◽  
Central Western Carpathians

scholarly journals Cretaceous—Quaternary tectonic evolution of the Tatra Mts (Western Carpathians): constraints from structural, sedimentary, geomorphological, and fission track data

2014 ◽  
Vol 65 (4) ◽  
pp. 307-326 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvia Králiková ◽  
Rastislav Vojtko ◽  
Ubomír Sliva ◽  
Jozef Minár ◽  
Bernhard Fügenschuh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tectonic Evolution ◽  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Fission Track ◽  
Crystalline Basement ◽  
Western Carpathians ◽  
Tectonic Activity ◽  
Zircon Fission Track ◽  
Tatra Mts ◽  
Fission Track Ages ◽  
Central Western Carpathians

Abstract The Tatra Mts area, located in the northernmost part of Central Western Carpathians on the border between Slovakia and Poland, underwent a complex Alpine tectonic evolution. This study integrates structural, sedimentary, and geomorphological data combined with fission track data from the Variscan granite rocks to discuss the Cretaceous to Quaternary tectonic and landscape evolution of the Tatra Mts. The presented data can be correlated with five principal tectonic stages (TS), including neotectonics. TS-1 (~95-80 Ma) is related to mid-Cretaceous nappe stacking when the Tatric Unit was overlain by Mesozoic sequences of the Fatric and Hronic Nappes. After nappe stacking the Tatric crystalline basement was exhumed (and cooled) in response to the Late Cretaceous/Paleogene orogenic collapse followed by orogen-parallel extension. This is supported by 70 to 60 Ma old zircon fission track ages. Extensional tectonics were replaced by transpression to transtension during the Late Paleocene to Eocene (TS-2; ~80-45 Ma). TS-3 (~45-20 Ma) is documented by thick Oligocene-lowermost Miocene sediments of the Central Carpathian Paleogene Basin which kept the underlying Tatric crystalline basement at elevated temperatures (ca. > 120 °C and < 200 °C). The TS-4 (~20-7 Ma) is linked to slow Miocene exhumation rate of the Tatric crystalline basement, as it is indicated by apatite fission track data of 9-12 Ma. The final shaping of the Tatra Mts has been linked to accelerated tectonic activity since the Pliocene (TS-5; ~7-0 Ma).

Development and degradation of a submontane forest in the Beskid Wyspowy Mountains (Polish Western Carpathians) during the Holocene

The Holocene ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 095968362110332
Author(s):  
Piotr Kołaczek ◽  
Krzysztof Buczek ◽  
Włodzimierz Margielewski ◽  
Mariusz Gałka ◽  
Aleksandra Rycerz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Size Fraction ◽  
Abies Alba ◽  
Plant Macrofossils ◽  
Western Carpathians ◽  
Substantial Contribution ◽  
Forest Belt ◽  
The Holocene ◽  
Parasitic Fungi ◽  
Carpathian Region ◽  
Fire Activity

Mountain regions harbour high biodiversity; however, in numerous areas, they are strongly degraded by human activity. Our study reconstructs the development of the submontane forest belt (400 and 650 m a.s.l.) in the Beskid Wyspowy Mountains (Western Carpathians, Central Europe) affected by climate, humans, fire, and parasitic fungi during the Holocene. This forest belt is considered the most transformed by the human in the Carpathian region. Our multi-proxy study included analyses of pollen, non-pollen palynomorphs (NPPs), plant macrofossils, micro- and macrocharcoal (size fraction >100 µm, analysed in contiguous sampling), geochemical, and sedimentological markers. The results revealed that Picea abies dominated on the fen subjected to study at ca. 8510–5010 cal. BP. Tilia cordata was a substantial component of the submontane forest between ca. 8510 and 2970 cal. BP and it survived a probable Kretzschmaria deusta outbreak, as well as a period of increased fire activity (ca. 6000 cal. BP). The final retreat of forests with a substantial contribution of Tilia was induced by the expansion of Abies alba, Fagus sylvatica, and partly Carpinus betulus and was preceded by the period of increased fire activity and erosion. From ca. 900 cal. BP human-induced deforestations and agricultural and pastoral activity increased. The modern presence of woodlands with Pinus sylvestris and Larix decidua, in the submontane zone in the Beskid Wyspowy Mountains, is a result of sub-recent anthropogenic afforestation on overgrazed areas. The example of the Zbludza site reveals that changes related to fire and pathogen infections, if they have low magnitudes and new competitive taxa are absent, may be reversible in a forest composed of fire-intolerant tree taxa as Tilia. Nonetheless, the widespread submontane ecosystem degradation and the introduction of alien species hamper the regeneration of forest vegetation typical of the submontane zone.

scholarly journals A Middle Triassic pachypleurosaur (Diapsida: Eosauropterygia) from a restricted carbonate ramp in the Western Carpathians (Gutenstein Formation, Fatric Unit): paleogeographic implications

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrej Čerňanský ◽  
Nicole Klein ◽  
Ján Soták ◽  
Mário Olšavský ◽  
Juraj Šurka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Middle Triassic ◽  
Carbonate Platform ◽  
Small Body ◽  
Western Carpathians ◽  
Subtidal Zone ◽  
Postcranial Skeleton ◽  
Tatra Mountains ◽  
Carbonate Ramps ◽  
Shallow Subtidal ◽  
Central Western Carpathians

AbstractAn eosauropterygian skeleton found in the Middle Triassic (upper Anisian) Gutenstein Formation of the Fatric Unit (Demänovská dolina Valley, Low Tatra Mountains, Slovakia) represents the earliest known occurrence of marine tetrapods in the Western Carpathians. The specimen represents a partly articulated portion of the postcranial skeleton (nine dorsal vertebrae, coracoid, ribs, gastral ribs, pelvic girdle, femur and one zeugopodial element). It is assigned to the Pachypleurosauria, more precisely to theSerpianosaurus–Neusticosaurusclade based on the following combination of features: (1) small body size; (2) morphology of vertebrae, ribs and femur; (3) tripartite gastral ribs; and (4) microanatomy of the femur as revealed by μCT. Members of this clade were described from the epicontinental Germanic Basin and the Alpine Triassic (now southern Germany, Switzerland, Italy), and possibly from Spain. This finding shows that pachypleurosaur reptiles attained a broader geographical distribution during the Middle Triassic, with their geographical range reaching to the Central Western Carpathians. Pachypleurosaurs are often found in sediments formed in shallow, hypersaline carbonate-platform environments. The specimen found here occurs in a succession with vermicular limestones in a shallow subtidal zone and stromatolitic limestones in a peritidal zone, indicating that pachypleurosaurs inhabited hypersaline, restricted carbonate ramps in the Western Carpathians.

scholarly journals Structural pattern and emplacement mechanisms of the Krížna cover nappe (Central Western Carpathians)

2012 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberta Prokešová ◽  
Dušan Plašienka ◽  
Rastislav Milovský
Keyword(s):  
Driving Forces ◽  
Structural Evolution ◽  
Evolutionary Model ◽  
Structural Data ◽  
Western Carpathians ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Structural Pattern ◽  
Thrust Tectonics ◽  
Central Western Carpathians ◽  
Nappe Emplacement

Structural pattern and emplacement mechanisms of the Krížna cover nappe (Central Western Carpathians)The Central Western Carpathians are characterized by both the thick- and thin-skinned thrust tectonics that originated during the Cretaceous. The Krížna Unit (Fatric Superunit) with a thickness of only a few km is the most widespread cover nappe system that completely overthrusts the Tatric basement/cover superunit over an area of about 12 thousands square km. In searching for a reliable model of its origin and emplacement, we have collected structural data throughout the nappe body from its hinterland backstop (Veporic Superunit) to its frontal parts. Fluid inclusion (FI) data from carbonate cataclastic rocks occurring at the nappe sole provided useful information about the p-T conditions during the nappe transport. The crucial phenomena considered for formulation of our evolutionary model are: (1) the nappe was derived from a broad rifted basinal area bounded by elevated domains; (2) the nappe body is composed of alternating, rheologically very variable sedimentary rock complexes, hence creating a mechanically stratified multilayer; (3) presence of soft strata serving as décollement horizons; (4) stress and strain gradients increasing towards the backstop; (5) progressive internal deformation at very low-grade conditions partitioned into several deformation stages reflecting varying external constraints for the nappe movement; (6) a very weak nappe sole formed by cataclasites indicating fluid-assisted nappe transport during all stages; (7) injection of hot overpressured fluids from external sources (deformed basement units) facilitating frontal ramp overthrusting under supralithostatic conditions. It was found that no simple mechanical model can be applied, but that all known principal emplacement mechanisms and driving forces temporarily participated in progressive structural evolution of the nappe. The rear compression operated during the early stages, when the sedimentary succession was detached, shortened and transported over the frontal ramp. Subsequently, gravity spreading and gliding governed the final nappe emplacement over the unconstrained basinal foreland.

Taxonomy and distribution of Poa carpatica in the Western Carpathians

Biologia ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 61 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dana Bernátová ◽  
Jozef Májovský ◽  
Ján Kliment ◽  
Ján Topercer
Keyword(s):  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
Western Carpathians ◽  
Subalpine Belt ◽  
Morphological Differences ◽  
Central Western Carpathians

AbstractWe examined the taxonomic status and distribution of Poa populations from supramontane and subalpine belt of the central Western Carpathians, so far classified as P. nemoralis subsp. carpatica and P. nemoralis subsp. montana. Significant morphological differences from P. nemoralis s. str. as well as combination of shared vs distinct characters allow us to attribute the populations under study to the species P. carpatica (V. Jirásek) Chopyk with two subspecies: P. carpatica subsp. carpatica a P. carpatica subsp. supramontana subsp. nova.

scholarly journals Re-Os and U-Th-Pb dating of the Rochovce granite and its mineralization (Western Carpathians, Slovakia)

2013 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milan Kohút ◽  
Holly Stein ◽  
Pavel Uher ◽  
Aaron Aimmerman ◽  
L’ubomír Hraško
Keyword(s):  
Oscillatory Zoning ◽  
Western Carpathians ◽  
Alkaline Magmatism ◽  
Calc Alkaline ◽  
Collisional Orogen ◽  
Granite Intrusion ◽  
Metallogenic Belt ◽  
Central Western Carpathians ◽  
Lower Crustal ◽  
Gemeric Unit

Abstract The subsurface Rochovce granite intrusion was emplaced into the contact zone between two principal tectonic units (the Veporic Unit and the Gemeric Unit) of the Central Western Carpathians (CWC), Slovakia. The Cretaceous age of this granite and its Mo-W mineralization is shown using two independent methods: U-Pb on zircon and Re-Os on molybdenite. The studied zircons have a typical homogeneous character with oscillatory zoning and scarce restite cores. SHRIMP U-Pb data provide an age of 81.5 ± 0.7 Ma, whereas restite cores suggest a latest Neoproterozoic-Ediacaran age (~565 Ma) source. Zircon εHf(81) values -5.2 to + 0.2 suggest a lower crustal source, whereas one from the Neoproterozoic core εHf(565)= + 7.4 call for the mantle influenced old precursor. Two molybdenite- bearing samples of very different character affirm a genetic relation between W-Mo mineralization and the Rochovce granite. One sample, a quartz-molybdenite vein from the exocontact (altered quartz-sericite schist of the Ochtiná Formation), provides a Re-Os age of 81.4 ± 0.3 Ma. The second molybdenite occurs as 1-2 mm disseminations in finegrained granite, and provides an age of 81.6 ± 0.3 Ma. Both Re-Os ages are identical within their 2-sigma analytical uncertainty and suggest rapid exhumation as a consequence of post-collisional, orogen-parallel extension and unroofing. The Rochovce granite represents the northernmost occurrence of Cretaceous calc-alkaline magmatism with Mo-W mineralization associated with the Alpine-Balkan-Carpathian-Dinaride metallogenic belt.

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