MODELING OF FAILURE FEATURES FOR TiN COATINGS WITH DIFFERENT SUBSTRATE MATERIALS

2011 ◽  
Vol 03 (01n02) ◽  
pp. 49-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. WANG ◽  
J. LIN ◽  
D. BALINT
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Tool Steel ◽  
Coating Thickness ◽  
Constitutive Equations ◽  
Fe Simulation ◽  
Pure Copper ◽  
Fe Model ◽  
Tin Coating ◽  
Tin Coatings ◽  
Gear Steel

A set of continuum viscoplastic damage constitutive equations is presented in this paper. The equations are calibrated for a TiN coating material, and a number of substrate materials, and are implemented into the commercial finite element (FE) solver, ABAQUS, through the user-defined material subroutine, VUMAT, for FE simulation. An FE model has been created to simulate a load-bearing test. Studies are carried out to investigate failure features of the coating with variations in coating thickness for three different substrate materials: pure copper, a gear steel and a tool steel. It has been demonstrated that the proposed damage equations can be used to predict failure features of coatings, which are affected by the thickness of the coating and the stiffness of the substrate.

scholarly journals Prediction of Cross-Tension Strength of Self-Piercing Riveted Joints Using Finite Element Simulation and XGBoost Algorithm

2021 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianping Lin ◽  
Chengwei Qi ◽  
Hailang Wan ◽  
Junying Min ◽  
Jiajie Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Regression Model ◽  
Fe Simulation ◽  
Gradient Boosting ◽  
Fe Model ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Extreme Gradient Boosting ◽  
The Cross ◽  
Cross Tension ◽  
Tension Strength

AbstractSelf-piercing riveting (SPR) has been widely used in automobile industry, and the strength prediction of SPR joints always attracts the attention of researchers. In this work, a prediction method of the cross-tension strength of SPR joints was proposed on the basis of finite element (FE) simulation and extreme gradient boosting decision tree (XGBoost) algorithm. An FE model of SPR process was established to simulate the plastic deformations of rivet and substrate materials and verified in terms of cross-sectional dimensions of SPR joints. The residual mechanical field from SPR process simulation was imported into a 2D FE model for the cross-tension testing simulation of SPR joints, and cross-tension strengths from FE simulation show a good consistence with the experiment result. Based on the verified FE model, the mechanical properties and thickness of substrate materials were varied and then used for FE simulation to obtain cross-tension strengths of a number of SPR joints, which were used to train the regression model based on the XGBoost algorithm in order to achieve prediction for cross-tension strength of SPR joints. Results show that the cross-tension strengths of SPR steel/aluminum joints could be successfully predicted by the XGBoost regression model with a respective error less than 7.6% compared to experimental values.

EFFECT OF METAL ION ETCHING ON THE TRIBOLOGICAL, MECHANICAL AND MICROSTRUCTURAL PROPERTIES OF TiN-COATED D2 TOOL STEEL USING CAE PVD TECHNIQUE

2006 ◽  
Vol 13 (04) ◽  
pp. 413-421 ◽  
Author(s):  
MUBARAK ALI ◽  
ESAH BINTI HAMZAH ◽  
MOHD RADZI HJ. MOHD TOFF
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Friction Coefficient ◽  
Tool Steel ◽  
Coefficient Of Friction ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Wear Track ◽  
Tin Coating ◽  
Ion Etching ◽  
Tin Coatings ◽  
Vapor Deposition Technique

A study has been made on TiN coatings deposited on D2 tool steel substrates by using commercially available cathodic arc evaporation, physical vapor deposition technique. The goal of this work is to determine the usefulness of TiN coatings in order to improve the micro-Vickers hardness, coefficient of friction and surface roughness of TiN coating deposited on tool steel, which is vastly use in tool industry for various applications. A pin-on-disc test was carried out to study the coefficient of friction versus sliding distance of TiN coating at various ion etching rates. The tribo-test showed that the minimum value recorded for friction coefficient was 0.386 and 0.472 with standard deviation of 0.056 and 0.036 for the coatings deposited at zero and 16 min ion etching. The differences in friction coefficient and surface roughness was mainly associated with the macrodroplets, which was produced during etching stage. The coating deposited for 16 min metal ion etching showed the maximum hardness, i.e., about five times higher than uncoated one and 1.24 times to the coating deposited at zero ion etching. After friction test, the wear track was observed by using field emission scanning electron microscope. The coating deposited for zero ion etching showed small amounts of macrodroplets as compared to the coating deposited for 16 min ion etching. The elemental composition on the wear scar were investigated by means of energy dispersive X-ray, indicate no further TiN coating on wear track. A considerable improvement in TiN coatings was recorded as a function of various ion etching rates.

scholarly journals The Effects of Shot Distance and Impact Sequence on the Residual Stress Field in Shot Peening Finite Element Model

Metals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 462
Author(s):  
Zhou Wang ◽  
Ming Shi ◽  
Jin Gan ◽  
Xiaoli Wang ◽  
Ying Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Residual Stress ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Stress Distribution ◽  
Shot Peening ◽  
Dynamic Models ◽  
Fe Simulation ◽  
Residual Stress Distribution ◽  
Fe Model ◽  
Residual Stress Field ◽  
The Impact

In order to investigate the effect of shot distance and impact sequence on the residual stress distribution of 42CrMo steel in shot peening (SP) finite element (FE) simulation, 3D dynamic models with order dimple pattern and stochastic dimple pattern were established via ABAQUS/Explicit 6.14, and the simulation results were compared with experiments. The results show that shot overlap has a significant effect on the residual stress distribution of peened parts. Meanwhile, there is a threshold (related to SP parameter) for shot distance in the vertical and horizontal directions. When the shot distance is greater than the threshold in this direction, the residual stress distribution after SP tends to be stable. The impact sequence has almost no effect on the impact of a small number of shots, but this effect will appear when the number of shots increases. It is necessary to avoid shot overlap and continuous impact of adjacent dimples when the FE model is established; on this basis, the distance between shots and the number of layers of the shots can be reduced as much as possible without affecting the residual stress distribution. In addition, the comparison of simulation and experimental results shows that the residual stress evaluation area consistent with the experimental measurement is essential to obtain accurate residual stress distribution in the FE simulation process.

Visco-Anisotropic Hyperelastic Finite Element Analysis of Knee Joint Considering Deformation Induced Anisotropy Evolution of Meniscus

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tsuyoshi Eguchi ◽  
Yoshihiro Tomita ◽  
Koji Yamamoto ◽  
Yusuke Morita ◽  
Eiji Nakamachi
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Stress Concentration ◽  
Knee Joint ◽  
Constitutive Equations ◽  
Collagen Fiber ◽  
Collagen Fibers ◽  
Fe Analysis ◽  
Fe Model ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Human Knee Joint

Recently, the observation technology of micro structure has made great progress, and then collagen fiber orientation of meniscus can be measured accurately. This makes it possible to evaluate the stress in knee joint by considering the collagen fiber orientations at the micro scale. In this study, we developed visco-isotropic/anisotropic hyperelastic constitutive equations (Iso-VHE/Aniso-VHE) for menisci, which can reflect the initial collagen fiber orientations and their deformation induced rotations. Subsequently, we constructed a finite element (FE) model of normal human knee joint by using the magnetic resonance (MR) tomography images. The FE analysis with the proposed constitutive equations and FE model clarifies the reinforcement effect of collagen fibers on mechanical characteristics of knee joint. Our computational prediction clarified that the stress concentration occurred on the contact parts of articular cartilages of femur and tibia, which met the tendency of the experimental results. Furthermore, the maximum compressive stresses evaluated by Aniso-VHE always showed a lower value as compared with Iso-VHE. This suggested that the anisotropy of meniscal collagen fibers relieved the stress concentration and lowered the maximum value. Therefore, our proposed FE analysis was proved to have a potential to reveal the functions of meniscus and knee joint.

Friction Stir Butt Welding of Commercially Pure Copper Plates

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gihad Karrar ◽  
A. N. Shuaib ◽  
F. A. Al-Badour ◽  
N. Merah ◽  
A. K. Mahgoub
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Pure Copper ◽  
Welding Process ◽  
Element Model ◽  
Butt Joint ◽  
Fe Model ◽  
Weld Quality ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Butt Welding ◽  
Friction Stir

This paper presents the results of studying friction stir butt welding of commercial pure copper plates using both experimental and finite element analysis methods. The experimental work consisted of making a butt joint to 4 mm copper plates using friction stir welding process at constant rotational speed of the pin tool to evaluate the effect of welding speed on weld quality. Weld quality was evaluated by the joints tensile strength, micro hardness, as well as evolution of the developed microstructure across the welding zone. A coupled Eulerian Lagrangian (CEL) finite element (FE) model had been developed to simulate the friction stir butt welding process, and predict the temperature distributions across the weld, as well as developed welding stresses. Axial load and temperature measurements results from the experiments have been used to validate the finite element model.

scholarly journals Prediction of cross-tension strength of self-piercing riveted joints using finite element simulation and XGBoost algorithm

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianping Lin ◽  
Chengwei Qi ◽  
Hailang Wan ◽  
Junying Min ◽  
Jiajie Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Regression Model ◽  
Fe Simulation ◽  
Gradient Boosting ◽  
Fe Model ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Extreme Gradient Boosting ◽  
The Cross ◽  
Cross Tension ◽  
Tension Strength

Abstract Self-piercing riveting (SPR) has been widely used in automobile industry, and the strength prediction of SPR joints always attracts the attention of researchers. In this work, a prediction method of the cross-tension strength of SPR joints was proposed on the basis of finite element (FE) simulation and extreme gradient boosting decision tree (XGBoost) algorithm. An FE model of SPR process was established to simulate the plastic deformations of rivet and substrate materials and verified in terms of cross-sectional dimensions of SPR joints. The residual mechanical field from SPR process simulation was imported into a 2D FE model for the cross-tension testing simulation of SPR joints, and cross-tension strengths from FE simulation show a good consistence with the experiment result. Based on the verified FE model, the mechanical properties and thickness of substrate materials were varied and then used for FE simulation to obtain cross-tension strengths of a number of SPR joints, which were used to train the regression model based on the XGBoost algorithm in order to achieve prediction for cross-tension strength of SPR joints. Results show that the cross-tension strengths of SPR steel/aluminum joints could be successfully predicted by the XGBoost regression model with a respective error less than 7.6% compared to experimental values.

scholarly journals Finite Element based Transient Elastohydrodynamic Simulation of Translational Hydraulic Seals

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-26
Author(s):  
Julian Angerhausen ◽  
Hubertus Murrenhoff ◽  
Bo N. J. Persson ◽  
Leonid Dorogin ◽  
Michele Scaraggi
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Fe Simulation ◽  
Fe Model ◽  
Butadiene Rubber ◽  
Rubber Friction ◽  
Physically Based ◽  
Solid Friction ◽  
Machine Elements ◽  
Sealing Mechanism ◽  
Hydraulic Devices

Seals are crucial machine elements in hydraulic devices. However, especially with regard to dynamic seals – for example in cylinder applications – the physical understanding of the sealing mechanism is still insufficient. In this paper a physically based, transient elastohydrodynamic simulation for translational hydraulic seals is presented. The deformation of the seal is calculated in a dynamic finite element (FE) simulation, hyper- and viscoelastic material properties are taken into account. For the numerical calculation of the fluid film and its influences on the seal deformation the FE simulation is coupled with an implementation of the transient Reynold’s equation. For a physically based calculation of the solid contact, the FE-model is coupled with Persson’s theory of rubber friction and contact mechanics. Both, normal force and solid friction are implemented. In a simulation study the influence of the relative velocity in the contact between the elastic, highly deformable seal and a hard cylinder is investigated. The initial phase of motion is investigated in detail. The simulation results are compared to experimental data of a lubricated sliding contact between an nitrile butadiene rubber (NBR) O-ring and a rough steel surface.

Laser Transmission Joining of PC and POM Process: A Finite Element Simulation

2013 ◽  
Vol 579-580 ◽  
pp. 856-861
Author(s):  
Hao Chen ◽  
Yang Yang Gao ◽  
Xiao Wang ◽  
Pin Li ◽  
Chuang Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Process Parameters ◽  
Parametric Design ◽  
Fe Simulation ◽  
Scanning Speed ◽  
Fe Model ◽  
Element Simulation ◽  
Joint Width ◽  
Ansys Parametric Design Language ◽  
Good Agreement

In this paper, the process of laser transmission joining (LTJ) of polycarbonate (PC) and polyformaldehyde (POM) which are thermoplastic plastics is investigated through a finite element (FE) simulation. Firstly, a 3D thermal model is developed with a moving Super-Gaussian heat source based on the ANSYS parametric design language APDL and the distribution of the temperature field is obtained. Then the effect of process parameters namely laser power, scanning speed and spot diameter on the joint width is analyzed. At the same time, the calculated joint width is achieved. Finally, the curves of calculated results are compared with the curves of experimental results. The comparison shows a good agreement between them which shows that the FE model is reliable. This lays the foundation for reducing experimental times, designing of experiments based on FE simulation and optimizing process parameters.

Modeling Piezoelectric Tube Scanner With Hysteresis and Creep by Finite Element Method

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. H. Chung ◽  
Eric H. K. Fung
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element Method ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Constitutive Equations ◽  
Controller Design ◽  
Model Simulation ◽  
Fe Model ◽  
Nonlinear Ordinary Differential Equations ◽  
Different Dimensions ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
Proportional Controller

An accurate finite element (FE) model of piezoelectric tube actuator with nonlinearities is proposed in this paper. Both of the hysteresis and the creep are the first to be implemented together into the model in order that the simulation is more precise to account for the dynamic behavior of the piezoelectric tube actuator in the reality. Prandtl-Ishlinskii (PI) operators and creep operators are adopted to formulate the nonlinear constitutive equations. As a result, nonlinear ordinary differential equations can be derived through the energy approach and Hamilton’s Principle. It is observed that the simulation results exhibit nonlinearly with either step or triangular input. They, moreover, agree quite well with the experimental results. The effect on the output response due to the different dimensions of electrode is also investigated. Finally, a proportional controller is implemented to reveal the controllability of this nonlinear FE model. Simulation results also demonstrate that the nonlinear FE model can be used for controller design.

EFFECT OF SUBSTRATE BIAS ON FRICTION COEFFICIENT, ADHESION STRENGTH AND HARDNESS OF TiN-COATED TOOL STEEL

2006 ◽  
Vol 13 (06) ◽  
pp. 763-771 ◽  
Author(s):  
ESAH HAMZAH ◽  
MUBARAK ALI ◽  
MOHD RADZI HJ. MOHD TOFF
Keyword(s):  
Friction Coefficient ◽  
Tool Steel ◽  
Vickers Hardness ◽  
Physical Vapor Deposition ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Substrate Bias ◽  
Tin Coating ◽  
Tin Coatings ◽  
Vapor Deposition Technique ◽  
Pin On Disc

In the present study, TiN coatings have been deposited on D2 tool steel substrates by using cathodic arc physical vapor deposition technique. The objective of this research work is to determine the usefulness of TiN coatings in order to improve the micro-Vickers hardness and friction coefficient of TiN coating deposited on D2 tool steel, which is widely used in tooling applications. A Pin-on-Disc test was carried out to study the coefficient of friction versus sliding distance of TiN coating deposited at various substrate biases. The standard deviation parameter during tribo-test result showed that the coating deposited at substrate bias of -75 V was the most stable coating. A significant increase in micro-Vickers hardness was recorded, when substrate bias was reduced from -150 V to zero. Scratch tester was used to compare the critical loads for coatings deposited at different bias voltages and the adhesion achievable was demonstrated with relevance to the various modes, scratch macroscopic analysis, critical load, acoustic emission and penetration depth. A considerable improvement in TiN coatings was observed as a function of various substrate bias voltages.

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