FROM BCS TO THE LHC

2008 ◽  
Vol 23 (11) ◽  
pp. 1627-1635 ◽  
Author(s):  
STEVEN WEINBERG
Keyword(s):  
Symmetry Breaking ◽  
Spontaneous Symmetry Breaking ◽  
Particle Physics ◽  
Condensed Matter ◽  
50Th Anniversary ◽  
Condensed Matter Physics ◽  
University Of Illinois ◽  
The University ◽  
Theory Of Superconductivity

Reflections on spontaneous symmetry breaking, and the connection between condensed matter physics and particle physics, as given in a talk at a symposium at the University of Illinois in Urbana, celebrating the 50th anniversary of the theory of superconductivity.

ENERGY GAP, MASS GAP, AND SPONTANEOUS SYMMETRY BREAKING

2010 ◽  
Vol 25 (22) ◽  
pp. 4141-4148 ◽  
Author(s):  
YOICHIRO NAMBU
Keyword(s):  
Symmetry Breaking ◽  
Spontaneous Symmetry Breaking ◽  
Particle Physics ◽  
Energy Gap ◽  
50Th Anniversary ◽  
Bcs Theory ◽  
Historical Overview ◽  
University Of Illinois ◽  
Mass Gap ◽  
The University

This article is based on a talk given at a Symposium at the University of Illinois on the occasion to commemorate the 50th anniversary of BCS — I gave a historical overview of how BCS theory has come to be transplanted to particle physics and has helped solve its problems.

scholarly journals Symmetry breaking and the deconstruction of mass

2015 ◽  
Vol 373 (2032) ◽  
pp. 20140034 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luis Álvarez-Gaumé
Keyword(s):  
Symmetry Breaking ◽  
Particle Physics ◽  
Condensed Matter ◽  
Current Understanding ◽  
Condensed Matter Physics

We briefly review some of the connections between symmetry breaking in condensed matter physics and in particle physics, assisting, in particular, our current understanding of the origin of mass.

scholarly journals HIGGS MASS FROM A CASIMIR ENERGY INDUCED COSMOLOGICAL CONSTANT IN THE STANDARD MODEL

2004 ◽  
Vol 19 (13n16) ◽  
pp. 1195-1201
Author(s):  
XIAO-GANG HE
Keyword(s):  
Standard Model ◽  
Symmetry Breaking ◽  
Cosmological Constant ◽  
Spontaneous Symmetry Breaking ◽  
Particle Physics ◽  
Higgs Mass ◽  
Vacuum Energy ◽  
Casimir Energy ◽  
Renormalization Scale ◽  
The Standard Model

Casimir vacuum energy is divergent. It needs to be regularized. The regularization introduces a renormalization scale which may lead to a scale dependent cosmological constant. We show that the requirement of physical cosmological constant is renormalization scale independent provides important constraints on possible particle contents and their masses in particle physics models. In the Standard Model of strong and electroweak interactions, besides the Casimir vacuum energy there is also vacuum energy induced from spontaneous symmetry breaking. The requirement that the total vacuum energy to be scale independent dictates the Higgs mass to be [Formula: see text] where the summation is over fermions and Ni equals to 3 and 1 for quarks and leptons, respectively. The Higgs mass is predicted to be approximately 382 GeV.

Physics research in Israel—A preliminary bibliometric analysis

1984 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 185-195 ◽  
Author(s):  
Subbiah Arunachalam ◽  
M.K. Dhirendra Rao ◽  
Praveen K. Shrivastava
Keyword(s):  
Particle Physics ◽  
Nuclear Physics ◽  
Condensed Matter ◽  
The United States ◽  
High Impact ◽  
Impact Factors ◽  
Condensed Matter Physics ◽  
Molecular Physics ◽  
Atomic And Molecular Physics ◽  
The Impact

The impact of physics research carried out in Israel on the international literature is assessed from data on publication and citation counts. We have considered in this analysis all papers published from Israel and covered under six of the ten major sections of INSPEC's Physics Abstracts, January-June 1977 (covering condensed matter physics, nuclear and particle physics, atomic and molecular physics and biophysics and physical chemistry) as well as citations to these papers as seen from five annual editions of Science Citation Index, 1977-1981. An analysis of these data permits us to identify: (i) areas of research in which Israel is strong, (ii) highly cited publications, (iii) the distribution of citations over the years, and (iv) how quickly the papers get cited. Israel accounts for less than 1% of the world's physics publications, but undeniably physics done in Israel is an integral part of the mainstream of world physics. Israeli physicists place almost all their work in foreign journals, most of them published from the United States, the Nether lands and the United Kingdom. Many of these journals have a good standing as seen from their high impact factors and immediacy indices. Nearly all papers in our sample have originated in eight institutions, indicating that Israel is free from the common Third World malady of spreading the butter of R&D budget too thinly. Overall, Israeli physics appears to be productive in condensed matter physics, nuclear physics and atomic and molecular physics. However, chemical physics tops the list if one considers both the number of papers published and the cognitive impact these papers have had. Two areas where Israel did not publish much and yet had a few publica tions of high impact are: (i) special theories, interaction models and particle systematics, and (ii) biophysics. Surprisingly for a nation interested in both the military and civilian applications of nuclear energy, Israel's publications in nuclear physics are not as well cited as her publications in many other subfields of physics.

scholarly journals An introduction to spontaneous symmetry breaking

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aron Beekman ◽  
Louk Rademaker ◽  
Jasper van Wezel
Keyword(s):  
Symmetry Breaking ◽  
Spontaneous Symmetry Breaking ◽  
Condensed Matter ◽  
Topological Defects ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Quantum Corrections ◽  
Gauge Fields ◽  
Singular Limits ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Goldstone Modes

Perhaps the most important aspect of symmetry in physics is the idea that a state does not need to have the same symmetries as the theory that describes it. This phenomenon is known as spontaneous symmetry breaking. In these lecture notes, starting from a careful definition of symmetry in physics, we introduce symmetry breaking and its consequences. Emphasis is placed on the physics of singular limits, showing the reality of symmetry breaking even in small-sized systems. Topics covered include Nambu-Goldstone modes, quantum corrections, phase transitions, topological defects and gauge fields. We provide many examples from both high energy and condensed matter physics. These notes are suitable for graduate students.

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