Moist Processes in the Climate System

The Earth’s climate system is a global public good. Maintaining it is a collective action problem. This chapter looks at a quarter-century of efforts to understand and respond to the challenges posed by global climate change and why the collective political response, until very recently, has seemed to lag so far behind our scientific knowledge of the problem. The chapter tracks the efforts of the main global, intergovernmental process for negotiating both useful and politically acceptable responses to climate change, the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change, but also highlights efforts by scientific and environmental groups and, more recently, networks of sub-national governments—especially cities—and of businesses to redefine interests so as to meet the dangers of climate system disruption.

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The choice of the method for calculating heat supply from solar radiation to determine the load on the climate system of the cabin of a mobile machine

IOP Conference Series Materials Science and Engineering ◽

10.1088/1757-899x/1001/1/012020 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 1001 ◽

pp. 012020

Author(s):

V V Maslensky ◽

Yu I Bulygin ◽

A R Temirkanov ◽

E V Shchekina

Keyword(s):

Solar Radiation ◽

Heat Supply ◽

Climate System ◽

Mobile Machine

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Stability of a planetary climate system with the biosphere species competing for resources

Physical Review E ◽

10.1103/physreve.103.022202 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 103 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Sergey A. Vakulenko ◽

Ivan Sudakov ◽

Sergei V. Petrovskii ◽

Dmitry Lukichev

Keyword(s):

Climate System

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Advances in Climate Processes, Feedbacks, Variability and Change for the West African Climate System

International Journal of Geophysics ◽

10.1155/2012/354571 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 2012 ◽

pp. 1-3

Author(s):

Gregory S. Jenkins ◽

Alessandra Giannini ◽

Amadou Gaye ◽

Andrea Sealy

Keyword(s):

West African ◽

Climate System ◽

The West ◽

African Climate

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Meridional changes in the South Atlantic Subtropical Gyre during Heinrich Stadials

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-88817-0 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Tainã M. L. Pinho ◽

Cristiano M. Chiessi ◽

Rodrigo C. Portilho-Ramos ◽

Marília C. Campos ◽

Stefano Crivellari ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Global Climate ◽

South Atlantic ◽

Subtropical Gyre ◽

Climate System ◽

The South ◽

Foraminiferal Species ◽

Ocean Gyres ◽

Long Term Monitoring ◽

Term Monitoring

AbstractSubtropical ocean gyres play a key role in modulating the global climate system redistributing energy between low and high latitudes. A poleward displacement of the subtropical gyres has been observed over the last decades, but the lack of long-term monitoring data hinders an in-depth understanding of their dynamics. Paleoceanographic records offer the opportunity to identify meridional changes in the subtropical gyres and investigate their consequences to the climate system. Here we use the abundance of planktonic foraminiferal species Globorotalia truncatulinodes from a sediment core collected at the northernmost boundary of the South Atlantic Subtropical Gyre (SASG) together with a previously published record of the same species from the southernmost boundary of the SASG to reconstruct meridional fluctuations of the SASG over last ca. 70 kyr. Our findings indicate southward displacements of the SASG during Heinrich Stadials (HS) 6-4 and HS1, and a contraction of the SASG during HS3 and HS2. During HS6-4 and HS1, the SASG southward displacements likely boosted the transfer of heat to the Southern Ocean, ultimately strengthening deep-water upwelling and CO2 release to the atmosphere. We hypothesize that the ongoing SASG poleward displacement may further increase oceanic CO2 release.

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The anatomy of past abrupt warmings recorded in Greenland ice

Nature Communications ◽

10.1038/s41467-021-22241-w ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

Author(s):

E. Capron ◽

S. O. Rasmussen ◽

T. J. Popp ◽

T. Erhardt ◽

H. Fischer ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Climate Changes ◽

Ice Core ◽

Ice Cores ◽

Climate System ◽

Data Availability ◽

Tight Coupling ◽

Decadal Scale ◽

Abrupt Changes ◽

Systematic Pattern ◽

The Last Glacial

AbstractData availability and temporal resolution make it challenging to unravel the anatomy (duration and temporal phasing) of the Last Glacial abrupt climate changes. Here, we address these limitations by investigating the anatomy of abrupt changes using sub-decadal-scale records from Greenland ice cores. We highlight the absence of a systematic pattern in the anatomy of abrupt changes as recorded in different ice parameters. This diversity in the sequence of changes seen in ice-core data is also observed in climate parameters derived from numerical simulations which exhibit self-sustained abrupt variability arising from internal atmosphere-ice-ocean interactions. Our analysis of two ice cores shows that the diversity of abrupt warming transitions represents variability inherent to the climate system and not archive-specific noise. Our results hint that during these abrupt events, it may not be possible to infer statistically-robust leads and lags between the different components of the climate system because of their tight coupling.

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100 Years of Progress in Cloud Physics, Aerosols, and Aerosol Chemistry Research

Meteorological Monographs ◽

10.1175/amsmonographs-d-18-0024.1 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 59 ◽

pp. 11.1-11.72 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Sonia M. Kreidenweis ◽

Markus Petters ◽

Ulrike Lohmann

Keyword(s):

Radiative Forcing ◽

Cloud Microphysics ◽

Climate System ◽

Mitigation Strategies ◽

Climate Projections ◽

Weather Modification ◽

Theoretical Understanding ◽

Aerosol Cloud ◽

Chemistry Research ◽

Aerosol Cloud Interactions

Abstract This chapter reviews the history of the discovery of cloud nuclei and their impacts on cloud microphysics and the climate system. Pioneers including John Aitken, Sir John Mason, Hilding Köhler, Christian Junge, Sean Twomey, and Kenneth Whitby laid the foundations of the field. Through their contributions and those of many others, rapid progress has been made in the last 100 years in understanding the sources, evolution, and composition of the atmospheric aerosol, the interactions of particles with atmospheric water vapor, and cloud microphysical processes. Major breakthroughs in measurement capabilities and in theoretical understanding have elucidated the characteristics of cloud condensation nuclei and ice nucleating particles and the role these play in shaping cloud microphysical properties and the formation of precipitation. Despite these advances, not all their impacts on cloud formation and evolution have been resolved. The resulting radiative forcing on the climate system due to aerosol–cloud interactions remains an unacceptably large uncertainty in future climate projections. Process-level understanding of aerosol–cloud interactions remains insufficient to support technological mitigation strategies such as intentional weather modification or geoengineering to accelerating Earth-system-wide changes in temperature and weather patterns.

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