scholarly journals Vitamin E and vitamin A contents, fatty acid profiles, and gross composition of harp and hooded seal milk through lactation

1999 ◽  
Vol 77 (6) ◽  
pp. 952-958 ◽  
Author(s):  
C Debier ◽  
K M Kovacs ◽  
C Lydersen ◽  
E Mignolet ◽  
Y Larondelle
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Vitamin E ◽  
Vitamin A ◽  
Harp Seal ◽  
Milk Lipid ◽  
Lactation Period ◽  
Fatty Acid Profiles ◽  
Milk Fatty Acids ◽  
Hooded Seal ◽  
Cystophora Cristata

This study reports fatty acid profiles and vitamin A and vitamin E contents of the milk of the harp seal (Phoca groenlandica) and hooded seal (Cystophora cristata) throughout the lactation period, as well as standard compositional analyses. The milk for this study was collected from harp and hooded seals breeding on the pack ice in the Gulf of St. Lawrence. Mother-pup pairs were serially captured, or point-sampled, in order to obtain milk samples during different lactation stages. Milk lipids showed the respective species' typical patterns during lactation, with a significant increase for harp seal milk and a relatively constant value for hooded seal milk. The profiles of most of the milk fatty acids remained relatively stable over the course of lactation in both species. Vitamin A content was also quite stable through lactation. By contrast, vitamin E content underwent a dramatic drop between the day of birth and early lactation for harp seals and from birth to midlactation for hooded seals. It then continued to decrease at a slower rate until the end of lactation in both species. The highest vitamin E content of colostrum reached 125 mg/kg of milk for harp seals and 200 mg/kg of milk for hooded seals. These concentrations subsequently dropped to 20-50 mg/kg of milk by early or mid lactation. These changes in this lipophilic, antioxidizing vitamin were not correlated with milk lipid content or its polyunsaturated fatty acid profiles.

scholarly journals FATTY ACID PROFILE OF NON-CONFORMING POOLED HUMAN MILK AS AFFECTED BY THE PROCESSING AND STORAGE CONDITIONS

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 46-54
Author(s):  
Otávio A. S. Ribeiro ◽  
Kely P. Correa ◽  
Mauricio O. Leite ◽  
Marcio A. Martins ◽  
Jane S. R. Coimbra
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Human Milk ◽  
Fatty Acid Profile ◽  
Storage Period ◽  
Storage Conditions ◽  
Milk Lipid ◽  
Fatty Acid Profiles ◽  
Operational Conditions ◽  
Processing And Storage ◽  
And Storage

The fatty acid's contents of non-conform pooled human milk can be affected by different processing and storage operational conditions. Besides, the knowledge of changes in the human milk fatty acid profile can help indicate its use in a given storage period, according to each newborn's specific need. Thus, in the present work, changes in the fatty acid profiles of three types of human milk (raw; pasteurized at 62.5 °C for 30 min; homogenized at 40 oC for 30 s followed by pasteurization) were studied during storage for six months in a freezer at -18 oC. Large variations were observed in the concentrations of polyunsaturated fatty acids, particularly of docosahexaenoic acid, with a reduction of almost 50% of its total. Palmitic and stearic acid contents also changed according to the conditions of processing and storage. Correlations between the decrease of long fatty acid chains and the increase of medium and short chains were verified.  Thus, we observe that operational conditions of processing and storing change human milk lipid profile, with some nutritional losses.

scholarly journals First independent feeding of harp seal (Phoca groenlandica) and hooded seal (Cystophora cristata) pups in the Greenland Sea

2000 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tore Haug ◽  
Kjell T Nilssen ◽  
Lotta Lindblom
Keyword(s):  
Interspecific Competition ◽  
Niche Overlap ◽  
Harp Seal ◽  
Minor Importance ◽  
Greenland Sea ◽  
The West ◽  
Hooded Seal ◽  
Cystophora Cristata ◽  
Phoca Groenlandica

Data were collected from harp seal (Phoca groenlandica) and hooded seal (Cystophora cristata) pups belonging to the Greenland Sea (or "West Ice") stocks in 1995-1997. Pups of both species were observed to feed independently shortly after weaning, and their first food was almost exclusively crustaceans. Parathemisto sp., particularly P. libellula, dominated the diet of both the harp and the hooded seal pups, but the diet also contained sympagic amphipods of the genus Gammarus. Krill (Thysanoessa sp.) was of minor importance as food for seal pups in 1995, but occurred more frequentlyin the diet of both species in 1996 and 1997. Considerable niche overlap may suggest some interspecific competition between harp and hooded seal pups in the West Ice.

Effects of dietary antioxidant supplementation of steers finished with 30% wet distillers grains plus solubles on fatty acid profiles and display life of strip loins

2018 ◽  
Vol 58 (10) ◽  
pp. 1949 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. D. Chao ◽  
K. I. Domenech-Pérez ◽  
H. R. Voegele ◽  
E. K. Kunze ◽  
C. R. Calkins
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Vitamin E ◽  
Lipid Oxidation ◽  
Shelf Life ◽  
Distillers Grains ◽  
Fatty Acid Profiles ◽  
Dietary Antioxidant ◽  
Retail Display ◽  
Wet Distillers Grains

Feeding wet distillers grains plus solubles (WDGS) in beef feedlot diets increases beef polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) concentration and decreases shelf-life; whereas feeding antioxidants like vitamin E and Agrado-Plus (AG; an ethoxyquin and tert-Butylhydroquinone mixture) mitigates such effects. The objective of this study was to evaluate shelf-life of beef from steers supplemented with WDGS and different antioxidants. One hundred and sixty steers were finished on a corn-based diet with 0% WDGS or 30% WDGS and four antioxidant treatments (no supplementation; vitamin E only; AG only; vitamin E + AG). Ten strip loins from each treatment were collected, aged, cut into steaks, and placed under retail display (2 ± 2°C). During retail display, steaks were evaluated daily for objective colour and subjective discolouration. After retail display, steaks were used to measure lipid oxidation, muscle fatty acids, and vitamin E and ethoxyquin concentrations. Feeding 30% WDGS increased total PUFA in beef when compared with beef from steers fed 0% WDGS (P < 0.05). Supplementing vitamin E or vitamin E + AG was effective in decreasing myoglobin and lipid oxidation in steaks from steers fed 0% or 30% WDGS after retail display (P < 0.01). Supplementation of vitamin E or AG also increased (P < 0.01) muscle tissue vitamin E or ethoxyquin levels, respectively, compared with the diets without vitamin E or AG supplementation. The inclusion of 30% WDGS altered beef fatty acid profiles, but did not promote lipid and myoglobin oxidation compared with the 0% WDGS diet. Feeding vitamin E was effective, whereas supplementing AG had minor effects in decreasing myoglobin and lipid oxidation in steaks from both diet.

Effects of pioglitazone hydrochloride and vitamin E on meat quality, antioxidant status and fatty acid profiles in finishing pigs

Meat Science ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 145 ◽  
pp. 340-346 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheng-long Jin ◽  
Chun-qi Gao ◽  
Qiang Wang ◽  
Zong-ming Zhang ◽  
Yin-long Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Vitamin E ◽  
Meat Quality ◽  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
Finishing Pigs ◽  
Fatty Acid Profiles

Fatty-acyl esters of retinol (vitamin A) in the liver of the harp seal (Phoca groenlandica), hooded seal (Cystophora cristata), and California sea lion (Zalophus californianus)

1992 ◽  
Vol 70 (9) ◽  
pp. 809-813 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark D. Ball ◽  
Christopher P. Nizzi ◽  
Harold C. Furr ◽  
James A. Olson ◽  
Olav T. Oftedal
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Vitamin A ◽  
Zalophus Californianus ◽  
Sea Lion ◽  
California Sea Lion ◽  
Liver Lipids ◽  
Hooded Seal ◽  
Cystophora Cristata ◽  
Phoca Groenlandica ◽  
Retinyl Esters

The fatty-acid composition of retinyl esters in the livers of two species of phocid seal, the harp seal (Phoca groenlandica, n = 20) and the hooded seal (Cystophora cristata, n = 15), and one species of otariid seal, the California sea lion (Zalophus californianus, n = 6), was determined. Vitamin A ranged in concentration from 4 to 1024 nmol retinol/g liver for the phocids and from 381 to 979 nmol/g liver for the otariids. In most of the livers, retinyl palmitate was not the principal ester, and the palmitate + stearate + oleate trio of retinyl esters represented less than 50% of the total. In all samples, the retinyl esters contained 20:1, 20:4, 20:5, and 22:6 in unusually large amounts. Retinyl esters tended to be richer than whole-liver lipids in 20:5 + 22:6, whereas whole-liver lipids were richer in 18:0 and 18:2. Therefore, the pool of acyl donors used for the esterification of retinol may be distinct from that used for other lipids. Birth-to-weaning changes were seen only in the harp seals. In the pups, the hepatic vitamin-A concentration increased 454%, while the proportion of 18:0 and 20:1 in the retinyl esters rose and that of 14:0 + 16:1 and 20:4 fell. Concomitantly, in their mothers, the proportion of 20:4 increased but that of 16:0 and 18:0 decreased.Key words: fatty-acid composition, pinniped liver, retinyl esters, vitamin A.

Seal milk. Π. Harp seal (Pagophilus groenlandicus) milk: effects of stage of lactation on the composition of the milk

1971 ◽  
Vol 49 (8) ◽  
pp. 1085-1088 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. R. Van Horn ◽  
β. Ε. Baker
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Harp Seal ◽  
Lactation Period ◽  
Stage Of Lactation ◽  
Pagophilus Groenlandicus ◽  
In Captivity ◽  
Definite Pattern ◽  
Ice Floes

A harp seal and her pup were caught on the ice floes in the Gulf of St. Lawrence and were kept in captivity for 16 days. Milk was collected from the seal 2, 3, 5, 6, and 16 days postpartum. The gross composition and the fatty acid and mineral constitution of the milk were determined. Both the fat and the protein contents were minimal on the 16th day postpartum. The fatty acid composition of the fat did not follow a definite pattern of change during the lactation period.

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