Phylogenetic placement of Ectemnia, an autapomorphic black fly (Diptera: Simuliidae), using behavioural characters

1998 ◽  
Vol 76 (10) ◽  
pp. 1942-1948 ◽  
Author(s):  
A E Stuart ◽  
F F Hunter
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Phylogenetic Relationship ◽  
Sister Group ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Black Fly ◽  
Parsimonious Tree ◽  
Phylogenetic Placement ◽  
Spinning Behaviour

The black fly genus Ectemnia Enderlein possesses a number of autapomorphic (unique derived structural) features in the larval and adult stages that have made resolution of its phylogenetic relationship within the Simuliidae difficult to establish. We studied cocoon-spinning behaviour in Ectemnia invenusta and discovered synapotypies (shared derived behavioural characters) with other black fly taxa. A behavioural phylogenetic analysis performed on representatives of six black fly genera produced a single most parsimonious tree that places Ectemnia as the sister group of a Simulium + Eusimulium clade.

A new Xenungulata (Mammalia) from the Paleocene of Patagonia, Argentina

2008 ◽  
Vol 82 (2) ◽  
pp. 329-335 ◽  
Author(s):  
Javier N. Gelfo ◽  
Guillermo M. López ◽  
Mariano Bond
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
South America ◽  
Phylogenetic Relationship ◽  
New Taxon ◽  
Parsimonious Tree ◽  
Late Paleocene ◽  
Direct Association ◽  
Mammalian Faunas ◽  
New Form ◽  
Preliminary Phylogenetic Analysis

A new form of Xenungulata Paula Couto, 1952 from red levels of the Peñas Coloradas Formation in a locality near Puerto Visser (45°17'S, 67°01'W), Chubut province, Argentina, is represented by a fragmentary left jaw with the m3 (MPEF-PV 1871). Notoetayoa gargantuai n. gen. and n. sp. is the first ever found in direct association with Carodnia feruglioi Simpson, 1935a which characterizes the incompletely known homonymous zone of the late Paleocene of Patagonia. A preliminary phylogenetic analysis, including representatives of “Condylarthra,” Litopterna, Notoungulata, Pyrotheria, Xenungulata and Astrapotheria, plus the characters that could be scored in the new taxon, was performed using TNT software. A single most parsimonious tree was obtained. Notoetayoa gargantuai has a closer phylogenetic relationship with the Xenungulate Etayoa bacatensis Villarroel, 1987 from the ?middle Paleocene of Colombia than with any other Tertiary ungulate group of South America. Notoetayoa gargantuai fills an important gap in the knowledge of the mammalian faunas from the Paleocene of Patagonia, particularly of the poorly known pre-Itaborian times.

Lapidia, a new monotypic genus of Asteraceae (Eupatorieae) from Brazil, and its phylogenetic placement

Phytotaxa ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 291 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
NÁDIA ROQUE ◽  
SILVANA C. FERREIRA ◽  
CÁSSIO VAN DEN BERG
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Sister Group ◽  
Species Number ◽  
Monotypic Genus ◽  
Campos Rupestres ◽  
Chapada Diamantina ◽  
Phylogenetic Placement ◽  
The Family

Asteraceae is the family with the highest species number in the rocky fields (campos rupestres) of the Chapada Diamantina, Bahia, Brazil. On the basis of several collections from this area, we are proposing a new genus of Asteraceae based on morphology and phylogeny, to accommodate a species newly described here. Lapidia apicifolia is a loosely ramified shrub 2–4 m high, stem tomentose, leaves opposite-decussate, laminae conduplicate, petiolate, receptacle flat, epaleaceous, glabrous, and pappus of bristles fused at base, irregular in length, fringed and purplish. In a phylogenetic analysis using sequence data from ITS and trnL-trnF of selected members of Eupatorieae, Lapidia is indicated as sister group of a highly supported clade with Morithamnus, Bahianthus and Catolesia. This group is composed by loosely branched shrubs, most with leaves that are lax, stems, leaves and involucral bracts that are viscid (Bahianthus and Morithamnus) and, if not, trichomes (tomentose indumentum) are developed (Lapidia), to protect against both solar radiation and loss of water. A description, illustrations, and a discussion about related and sympatric genera are presented.

Phylogenetic placement of the monotypic genus Holopodostreptus Carl, 1913 and notes on the systematics of Pseudonannolenidae (Spirostreptida : Cambalidea)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luiz Felipe Moretti Iniesta ◽  
Henrik Enghoff ◽  
Antonio D. Brescovit ◽  
Rodrigo S. Bouzan
Keyword(s):  
Sister Group ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Monotypic Genus ◽  
Parsimonious Tree ◽  
Phylogenetic Placement ◽  
First Time

The genus Holopodostreptus Carl, 1913 is a poorly known monotypic genus endemic to Ecuador. It differs from most other Pseudonannolenidae by a set of characteristics of the gnathochilarium and gonopods. Herein, we provide descriptive notes of males of H. braueri Carl, 1913 based on recently collected material. Females of the species are described for the first time, and images of the vulvae are provided. In addition, we attempt for the first time to place Holopodostreptus in a phylogenetic context. With a total of 14 taxa and 41 morphological characters, and under implied weighting (k = 6), a single most-parsimonious tree is recovered (total fit = 35.86). The genus is recovered as sister-group of Physiostreptus Silvestri, 1903. The clade Holopodostreptus + Physiostreptus is supported by one synapomorphy (absence of setae on the prefemoral process of leg-pair 1 in males) and one homoplastic transformation (narrow telopodite). Based on the phylogenetic results, notes on the subfamilies Pseudonannoleninae, Cambalomminae and Physiostreptinae and a key for all pseudonannolenid genera are provided.

The phylogenetic placement and circumscription of the genus Synotaxus (Araneae : Synotaxidae), a new species from Guyana, and notes on theridioid phylogeny

2003 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 719 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ingi Agnarsson
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
New Species ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Sister Relationship ◽  
Parsimonious Tree ◽  
Phylogenetic Placement ◽  
A New Species ◽  
Selection Of

The genus Synotaxus Simon, 1895 is reviewed. Modern systematic work has challenged the classical placement of Synotaxus as an argyrodine theridiid. Its placement is evaluated in a phylogenetic analysis containing a wide selection of theridiids, including all major argyrodine genera. For the analysis, two published matrices are fused to produce a dataset containing 83 orbicularian taxa and 302 morphological characters. Although the two matrices share only 10 taxa and 33 characters, a single most parsimonious tree is obtained. The results are congruent with results from each independent matrix, and unambiguously corroborate the placement of Synotaxus outside Theridiidae. Some superficial similarities, such as the elongate abdomen extending far beyond the spinnerets, are clearly convergent in the two taxa. Synotaxus, furthermore, lacks the suite of synapomorphies defining Theridiidae. Thus, its transfer out of Theridiidae is corroborated, and a sister relationship with Chileotaxusi Platnick, 1990 is proposed, based on similarities in web and somatic morphology. A synapomorphy-based circumscription of the genus is given. Synotaxus waiwai, sp. nov. is described, Synotaxus monoceros (Caporiacco, 1947), previously only known from males, is redescribed and synonymised with S. pupularum, Exline & Levi, 1965, syn. nov., previously only known from females. A description of the webs of both species is given, as well as that of Chileotaxus sans Platnick, 1990. Many further Synotaxus species remain to be described.

Phylogenetic analysis of the superfamily Hemiuroidea (Platyhelminthes, Neodermata:Trematoda) based on partial 28S rDNA sequences

Parasitology ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 146 (5) ◽  
pp. 596-603 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergey G. Sokolov ◽  
Dmitry M. Atopkin ◽  
Misako Urabe ◽  
Ilya I. Gordeev
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Phylogenetic Relationship ◽  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
Sister Group ◽  
28S Rdna ◽  
Monophyletic Group ◽  
Rdna Sequences ◽  
The Family ◽  
Statistical Support ◽  
28S Rdna Sequences

AbstractIn the present paper, the phylogenetic relationships between genera, subfamilies and families of the Hemiuroidea are explored. Twelve new sequences of 28 rDNA and data taken from GenBank (NSBI) on 43 species affiliated to 34 genera were included in the analysis. Most of the hemiuroidean trematodes form two highly supported clades (A and B), which are sister groups to each other.Hemipera manterijoined withGonocercaspp. with moderate statistical support. This clade is basal relative to the clades A and B. Сlade A is polytomic and contains representatives of the families Accacoeliidae, Syncoeliidae, Didymozoidae, Hirudinellidae and Sclerodistomidae, and derogenid subfamilies Derogeninae and Halipeginae. At the same time, the Syncoeliidae, Hirudinellidae and Accacoeliidae form a well-supported monophyletic group. The phylogenetic relationship between Derogeninae and Halipeginae is poorly resolved. Сlade B unites the isoparorchiid, bunocotylid, lecithasterid and hemiurid trematodes. Our data re-establishes the family Bunocotylidae, which consists of two subfamilies, Opisthadeninae and Bunocotylinae, and theMachidatrema chilostoma+Hysterolecithoides frontilatusgroup. The Bunocotylidae is the sister group to the Hemiuridae + Lecithasteridae group and the Isoparorchiidae is a basal relative to the representatives of these three hemiuroid families.

scholarly journals The Complete Chloroplast Genome of the Vulnerable Oreocharis esquirolii (Gesneriaceae): Structural Features, Comparative and Phylogenetic Analysis

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 1692
Author(s):  
Li Gu ◽  
Ting Su ◽  
Ming-Tai An ◽  
Guo-Xiong Hu
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Sequence Similarity ◽  
Single Copy ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Rrna Genes ◽  
Trna Genes ◽  
Sequencing Data ◽  
High Sequence Similarity ◽  
Plastid Genomes ◽  
Cp Genome

Oreocharis esquirolii, a member of Gesneriaceae, is known as Thamnocharis esquirolii, which has been regarded a synonym of the former. The species is endemic to Guizhou, southwestern China, and is evaluated as vulnerable (VU) under the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) criteria. Until now, the sequence and genome information of O. esquirolii remains unknown. In this study, we assembled and characterized the complete chloroplast (cp) genome of O. esquirolii using Illumina sequencing data for the first time. The total length of the cp genome was 154,069 bp with a typical quadripartite structure consisting of a pair of inverted repeats (IRs) of 25,392 bp separated by a large single copy region (LSC) of 85,156 bp and a small single copy region (SSC) of18,129 bp. The genome comprised 114 unique genes with 80 protein-coding genes, 30 tRNA genes, and four rRNA genes. Thirty-one repeat sequences and 74 simple sequence repeats (SSRs) were identified. Genome alignment across five plastid genomes of Gesneriaceae indicated a high sequence similarity. Four highly variable sites (rps16-trnQ, trnS-trnG, ndhF-rpl32, and ycf 1) were identified. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that O. esquirolii grouped together with O. mileensis, supporting resurrection of the name Oreocharis esquirolii from Thamnocharisesquirolii. The complete cp genome sequence will contribute to further studies in molecular identification, genetic diversity, and phylogeny.

New olenelline trilobites from the Northwest Territories, Canada, and the phylogenetic placement of Judomia absita Fritz, 1973

Zootaxa ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 2918 (1) ◽  
pp. 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. WESLEY GAPP ◽  
BRUCE S. LIEBERMAN ◽  
MICHAEL C. POPE ◽  
KELLY A. DILLIARD
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
New Species ◽  
Northwest Territories ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Geographic Range ◽  
Early Cambrian ◽  
Phylogenetic Placement ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Three New Species ◽  
One New Species

The Early Cambrian olenelline trilobites are a diverse clade and have been the subject of several phylogenetic analyses. Here, three new species of Bradyfallotaspis Fritz, 1972 (B. coriae, B. nicolascagei, and B. sekwiensis) and one new species of Nevadia Walcott, 1910 (N. saupeae) are described from the Sekwi Formation of the Mackenzie Mountains, Northwest Territories, Canada. In addition, new specimens potentially referable to Nevadia ovalis McMenamin, 1987 were recovered that may expand that species’ geographic range, which was thought to be restricted to Sonora, Mexico. The results of a phylogenetic analysis incorporating several olenelline taxa, including Judomia absita Fritz, 1973 from the Sekwi Formation, are also presented herein. This species has been assigned to various olenelline genera, including Judomia Lermontova, 1951 and Paranevadella Palmer & Repina, 1993. Phylogenetic analysis suggests this species is closely related to Judomia tera Lazarenko, 1960 from Siberia. This phylogenetic relationship provides further support for the hypothesis that a close biogeographic relationship existed between Laurentia and Siberia during the Cambrian.

Systematic studies in Paniceae (Poaceae): Homopholis and Whalleya gen. et sp. nov.

2000 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 437 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen E. Wills ◽  
R. D. B. Whalley ◽  
Jeremy J. Bruhl
Keyword(s):  
Sister Group ◽  
The Other ◽  
Sister Species ◽  
Parsimonious Tree ◽  
The Third ◽  
Putative Species ◽  
Anatomical Data ◽  
Cladistic Analyses

The taxonomy ofHomopholis C.E.Hubb. is revised, and anew genus Whalleya K.E.Wills & J.J.Bruhl isdescribed. Relationships among the known species ofHomopholis (H. belsonii C.E.Hubb.,H. proluta F.Muell., and a putative species,H. sp. nov.), and the relationships betweenHomopholis and other genera within the Paniceae were investigated. Morphological and anatomical data forHomopholis and selected species ofDigitaria and Panicum were analysed phenetically and cladistically. The value and contribution ofcharacters to the findings were assessed. In the phenetic analyses, threedistinct clusters of species were formed. The first cluster includedDigitaria coenicola (F.Muell.) Hughes,D. divaricatissima (R.Br.) Hughes andD. papposa (R.Br.) P.Beauv.; the second,Panicum effusum R.Br.,P. queenslandicum Domin var.queenslandicum and P. simileDomin; and the third, H. sp. nov.,H. proluta, H. belsonii andP. subxerophilum Domin. Specimens ofH. belsonii noticeably separated from the other threespecies. For the cladistic analyses, species ofEntolasia and Thyridolepis were used as outgroup taxa. One most parsimonious tree was produced.Homopholis belsonii was well supported as the most basalmember of the ingroup. The three species ofDigitariaformed a well-supported clade.Panicum effusum, P. queenslandicumvar. queenslandicum and P. simileformed a well-supported clade, and were the sister group toEntolasia marginata (R.Br.) Hughes andE. stricta (R.Br.) Hughes.Panicum subxerophilum was in a clade (=Whalleya) with H. sp. nov. andH. proluta, with P. subxerophilumand H. proluta as sister species.

Pseudodactylaria brevis sp. nov. from Thailand confirms the status of Pseudodactylariaceae

Phytotaxa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 369 (4) ◽  
pp. 241 ◽  
Author(s):  
CHUAN-GEN LIN ◽  
ERIC H. C. MCKENZIE ◽  
DARBHE J. BHAT ◽  
JIAN-KUI LIU ◽  
KEVIN D. HYDE ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
New Species ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
Its Sequence ◽  
Morphological Comparison ◽  
Phylogenetic Placement ◽  
Data Analyses ◽  
The Status ◽  
A New Species

A new species, Pseudodactylaria brevis, is described, illustrated and compared with other Pseudodactylaria and Dactylaria-like taxa. Evidence for the new species is provided by morphological comparison and sequence data analyses. Pseudodactylaria brevis can be distinguished from other Pseudodactylaria and Dactylaria-like species by its short hyaline conidiophores and fusiform, 1-septate hyaline conidia. Phylogenetic analysis of LSU and ITS sequence data was carried out to determine the phylogenetic placement of the species and confirm the taxonomic status of Pseudodactylariaceae.

Molecular insights into the phylogenetic placement of the poorly known genus Niceforonia Goin & Cochran, 1963 (Anura: Brachycephaloidea)

Zootaxa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 4514 (4) ◽  
pp. 487
Author(s):  
ANDRÉS R. ACOSTA-GALVIS ◽  
JEFFREY W. STREICHER ◽  
LUIGI MANUELLI ◽  
TRAVIS CUDDY ◽  
RAFAEL O. DE SÁ
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
New World ◽  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
Phylogenetic Inference ◽  
Genetic Distances ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Phylogenetic Placement ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
First Time

Among New World direct-developing frogs belonging to the clade Brachycephaloidea (= Terraranae), there are several genera with uncertain phylogenetic placements. One notable example is the genus Niceforonia Goin & Cochran 1963, which includes three species that are endemic to Colombia. Three specimens of the species Niceforonia nana were collected and for the first time the genus is included in a molecular phylogenetic analysis of mitochondrial (mtDNA; 12S and 16S) and nuclear (nucDNA; TYR and RAG1) markers. Molecular phylogenetic inference based on concatenated and separate mtDNA and nucDNA analyses recovered Niceforonia nana nested within Hypodactylus Hedges et al. 2008, rendering the latter genus paraphyletic. Consequently, herein we place the genus Hypodactylus in the synonymy of Niceforonia to resolve the paraphyly and place Niceforonia in the subfamily Hypodactylinae. Based on our revised concept of the genus Niceforonia we conducted preliminary morphological comparisons using specimens and literature descriptions. Finally, Nicefornia nana is quite divergent from other species of Niceforonia (uncorrected genetic distances of ca. 10% 16S and 7% TYR) suggesting that further taxonomic revision may be warranted. 

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