History, selection, drift, and gene flow: complex differentiation in checkerspot butterflies

1990 ◽  
Vol 68 (9) ◽  
pp. 1967-1975 ◽  
Author(s):  
John F. Baughman ◽  
Peter F. Brussard ◽  
Paul R. Ehrlich ◽  
Dennis D. Murphy
Keyword(s):  
Gene Flow ◽  
Genetic Structure ◽  
Population Differentiation ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Euphydryas Editha ◽  
Parallel Selection ◽  
Checkerspot Butterflies ◽  
Continuous Range

The genetic structure of the checkerspot butterfly, Euphydryas editha, was investigated using gel electrophoresis at 19 loci in each of 41 populations from throughout the range of the species. With two exceptions the populations were found to be very similar genetically, despite great differences in morphology and ecology. The low level of population differentiation was attributed to a combination of a historically more continuous range, parallel selection, and gene flow.

Structure et variabilité génétique de populations d'épinette noire (Piceamariana (Mill.) B.S.P.) dans la zone hémiarctique du Nouveau-Québec

1987 ◽  
Vol 17 (9) ◽  
pp. 1006-1012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mireille Desponts ◽  
Jean-Pierre Simon
Keyword(s):  
Gene Flow ◽  
Genetic Structure ◽  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Black Spruce ◽  
Geographic Isolation ◽  
Marginal Populations ◽  
Isolated Populations ◽  
Subarctic Region ◽  
Enzyme Systems

The genetic structure of five populations of black spruce located at l'Eau Claire Lake, in the subarctic region of Nouveau-Québec, were analysed by acrylamide gel electrophoresis of seven enzyme systems. The analysis of 25 loci disclosed an average polymorphism of 0.80 and a level of heterozygosity of 0.351. Results indicate that there is no loss of genetic variability in these marginal populations that could be attributed to genetic drift. Data based on Wright's statistics indicate an excess of heterozygotes for most loci. Populations share the same alleles at most loci and are only slightly differentiated from each other (Fst = 0.06). Results suggest that gene flow between these isolated populations remains sufficiently high to override the effect of geographic isolation.

scholarly journals Hierarchical Analysis of Genetic Structure in Native Fire Ant Populations: Results From Three Classes of Molecular Markers

Genetics ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 147 (2) ◽  
pp. 643-655 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth G Ross ◽  
Michael J B Krieger ◽  
D DeWayne Shoemaker ◽  
Edward L Vargo ◽  
Laurent Keller
Keyword(s):  
Gene Flow ◽  
Genetic Structure ◽  
Solenopsis Invicta ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Fire Ant ◽  
Nuclear Markers ◽  
Social Forms ◽  
Native Populations ◽  
Nest Level ◽  
Nuclear Differentiation

We describe genetic structure at various scales in native populations of the fire ant Solenopsis invicta using two classes of nuclear markers, allozymes and microsatellites, and markers of the mitochondrial genome. Strong structure was found at the nest level in both the monogyne (single queen) and polygyne (multiple queen) social forms using allozymes. Weak but significant microgeographic structure was detected above the nest level in polygyne populations but not in monogyne populations using both classes of nuclear markers. Pronounced mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) differentiation was evident also at this level in the polygyne form only. These microgeographic patterns are expected because polygyny in ants is associated with restricted local gene flow due mainly to limited vagility of queens. Weak but significant nuclear differentiation was detected between sympatric social forms, and strong mtDNA differentiation also was found at this level. Thus, queens of each form seem unable to establish themselves in nests of the alternate type, and some degree of assortative mating by form may exist as well. Strong differentiation was found between the two study regions usinga all three sets of markers. Phylogeographic analyses of the mtDNA suggest that recent limitations on gene flow rather than longstanding barriers to dispersal are responsible for this large-scale structure.

scholarly journals Geographic Structure of Mitochondrial and Nuclear Gene Polymorphisms in Australian Green Turtle Populations and Male-Biased Gene Flow

Genetics ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 147 (4) ◽  
pp. 1843-1854 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nancy N FitzSimmons ◽  
Craig Moritz ◽  
Colin J Limpus ◽  
Lisa Pope ◽  
Robert Prince
Keyword(s):  
Gene Flow ◽  
Genetic Structure ◽  
Green Turtle ◽  
Nuclear Dna ◽  
Nuclear Gene ◽  
Chelonia Mydas ◽  
Single Copy ◽  
Microsatellite Data ◽  
Ecological Data ◽  
Infinite Allele Model

Abstract The genetic structure of green turtle (Chelonia mydas) rookeries located around the Australian coast was assessed by (1) comparing the structure found within and among geographic regions, (2) comparing microsatellite loci vs. restriction fragment length polymorphism analyses of anonymous single copy nuclear DNA (ascnDNA) loci, and (3) comparing the structure found at nuclear DNA markers to that of previously analyzed mitochondrial (mtDNA) control region sequences. Significant genetic structure was observed over all regions at both sets of nuclear markers, though the microsatellite data provided greater resolution in identifying significant genetic differences in pairwise tests between regions. Inferences about population structure and migration rates from the microsatellite data varied depending on whether statistics were based on the stepwise mutation or infinite allele model, with the latter being more congruent with geography. Estimated rates of gene flow were generally higher than expected for nuclear DNA (nDNA) in comparison to mtDNA, and this difference was most pronounced in comparisons between the northern and southern Great Barrier Reef (GBR). The genetic data combined with results from physical tagging studies indicate that the lack of nuclear gene divergence through the GBR is likely due to the migration of sGBR turtles through the courtship area of the nGBR population, rather than male-biased dispersal. This example highlights the value of combining comparative studies of molecular variation with ecological data to infer population processes.

Remnant populations of the regal fritillary (Speyeria idalia) in Pennsylvania: Local genetic structure in a high gene flow species

2006 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 309-313 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nusha Keyghobadi ◽  
Katherine P. Unger ◽  
Jason D. Weintraub ◽  
Dina M. Fonseca
Keyword(s):  
Gene Flow ◽  
Genetic Structure ◽  
High Gene Flow ◽  
High Gene ◽  
Speyeria Idalia

Genetic structure and gene flow of eelgrass Zostera marina populations in Tokyo Bay, Japan: implications for their restoration

2011 ◽  
Vol 158 (4) ◽  
pp. 871-882 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norio Tanaka ◽  
Teruko Demise ◽  
Mitsuhiro Ishii ◽  
Yasumasa Shoji ◽  
Masahiro Nakaoka
Keyword(s):  
Gene Flow ◽  
Genetic Structure ◽  
Zostera Marina ◽  
Tokyo Bay
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