Demographic characteristics of Peromyscus leucopus inhabiting a natural dispersal sink

1989 ◽  
Vol 67 (9) ◽  
pp. 2321-2325 ◽  
Author(s):  
David T. Krohne
Keyword(s):  
Population Biology ◽  
Peromyscus Leucopus ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
Winter Survival ◽  
Old Growth ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
West Central ◽  
Reproductive Rates ◽  
Autumn And Winter ◽  
Natural Dispersal

The population biology of white-footed mice (Peromyscus leucopus) inhabiting a 1.4-ha naturally occurring dispersal sink was studied for 5 years in west-central Indiana and compared with that in surrounding old-growth habitat. Densities in the dispersal sink were consistently lower than in prime habitat. Autumn and winter survival were practically nil. The sink was recolonized by adults in the spring following extreme low winter densities or extinction. Summer reproductive rates and the pattern of territoriality were similar to those in prime habitat. Mice colonized elsewhere when empty prime habitat was made experimentally available. The data suggest that few dispersing mice can be accommodated by the dispersal sink.

scholarly journals Differentiating mature and old-growth forests in the Upper Foothills and Subalpine Subregions of west-central Alberta

2003 ◽  
Vol 79 (3) ◽  
pp. 602-612 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luigi E Morgantini ◽  
John L Kansas
Keyword(s):  
Forest Management ◽  
Growth Index ◽  
Tree Height ◽  
Tree Age ◽  
Old Growth ◽  
West Central ◽  
Decay Class ◽  
Management Area ◽  
Growth Attributes ◽  
Live Tree

Weyerhaeuser Company Ltd. is developing harvest strategies that will maintain appropriate levels of late to very late seral stages ("old growth") in its Drayton Valley Forest Management Area. This management area encompasses 490 570 ha in the Foothills and Rocky Mountain Natural Regions of west-central Alberta. In planning for future forest landscapes, Weyerhaeuser intends to maintain a range of age structures consistent with the ecological processes characteristic of each natural region and subregion. The absence of a discrete point separating mature forest from old growth means that the age at which a stand is currently identified as "old growth" and subject to special management practices is arbitrary. In a research study initiated in the summer of 2000, we seek to understand the differences in structure and composition between forests of various ages and topographic site conditions (elevation, aspect, and slope angle). Using 95 sampling plots in a 123-km2 study area in the Upper Foothills and Subalpine Natural Subregions, we quantified vegetation structure and composition for stands ranging in age from 70 to 300 years. Variables measured and analysed included live-tree height and diameter, snag density, diameter and decay class, downed woody material volume, diameter and decay class, vascular plant species richness, sapling and regeneration density, and duff depth. An old-growth index was developed for each sampled stand that took into account multiple attributes. Preliminary results indicate that specific attributes (snag basal area and density, decay stage and density of downed woody material, variation in live-tree age, and variation in live-tree height and age) separate a younger forest from a more mature one and hence may describe "old-growth" conditions. The age of onset of these old-growth attributes is variable but appears to occur between 160 and 180 years. Key factors other than stand age that contribute to or modify the development of old-growth attributes (as measured by the old-growth index) are elevation and moisture regime (as modified by site position). Further investigation is required to more accurately assess the effect of site factors on old-growth attributes. These results are now used by Weyerhaeuser to address retention of late seral stages in long-term forest planning. Key words: old growth, mature forests, old growth protection, forest management, Alberta, Weyerhaeuser, Rocky Mountains foothills

Comparative demography of increasing and stable populations of blue grouse (Dendragapus obscurus)

1975 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Redfield
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
Dendragapus Obscurus ◽  
Comparative Demography ◽  
Reproductive Rates ◽  
Stable Populations

The demographic characteristics of an increasing population of blue grouse were studied from 1968 to 1971. Increasing populations of grouse had high reproductive rates and slightly higher than average mortality rates among females as compared to stable populations.

Response of the white-footed mouse (Peromyscus leucopus) to the transition between disturbed and undisturbed habitats

1989 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 505-512 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alicia V. Linzey
Keyword(s):  
Peromyscus Leucopus ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
Range Data ◽  
Clear Cutting ◽  
Behavioral Interaction ◽  
Strip Mine ◽  
Disturbed Habitats ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Disturbed Site ◽  
White Footed Mouse

The relationship between social behavior, demography, and habitat selection in the white-footed mouse (Peromyscus leucopus) was studied at the transition zone between disturbed (clear-cutting and strip-mine) and undisturbed (woodland) habitats. Demographic characteristics included a tendency toward overrepresentation of young mice (juvenile and subadults) in disturbed habitats and higher disappearance rates for young woodland males than for females. Home range data indicated that movements between habitats were minimal and mostly restricted to the ecotone. Behavioral interaction studies revealed that woodland mice were more likely to initiate contact and that mice from the clear-cutting responded by retreating or fleeing. During a reciprocal removal experiment, 43% of the resident population of the clear-cutting moved to woodland habitat after the original woodland population had been removed; no residents of woodland habitat moved to a disturbed site following removal. The suggestion that disturbed habitats serve as dispersal sinks for behaviorally subordinate individuals is supported by these data.

Using exotic antigens to measure reproduction and dispersal in Peromyscus leucopus

1991 ◽  
Vol 69 (2) ◽  
pp. 528-530
Author(s):  
Gregory E. Glass ◽  
George W. Korch ◽  
James E. Gomez ◽  
James E. Childs
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Success ◽  
Adult Female ◽  
Small Mammals ◽  
Population Biology ◽  
Peromyscus Leucopus ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Feasible Method ◽  
Nest Box ◽  
Uninoculated Control ◽  
Free Ranging

Free-ranging female white-footed mice, Peromyscus leucopus, were inoculated with a series of exotic (not encountered in the environment) antigens to evaluate the utility of maternally transferred antibodies in identifying offspring under field conditions. Inoculated females suffered no apparent effects from the antigens, and their survival, growth, and reproductive success did not differ from those of uninoculated, control females. Six of nine marked females produced seven offspring. These offspring dispersed an average of 64 m from their mothers' centers of activity. Recruitment rates per adult female were similar to those reported for nest box studies. The exotic antigen technique appears to be a feasible method for studying the population biology of secretive small mammals.

Radon Testing Status in Schools by Radon Zone and School Location and Demographic Characteristics: United States, 2014

2018 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
pp. 442-448 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sherry Everett Jones ◽  
Stephanie Foster ◽  
Andrew S. Berens
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Indoor Radon ◽  
The United States ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Radon Testing ◽  
Radon Survey

Radon is a naturally occurring, radioactive, colorless, odorless gas, and the second leading cause of lung cancer. The 1990–1991 National School Radon Survey estimated that more than 70,000 schoolrooms nationwide had “high short-term radon levels.” Using data from a nationally representative survey of schools in the United States ( N = 568; response rate = 69%), we examined the location and demographic characteristics of U.S. schools that had ever been tested for radon and whether having been tested varied by radon zone, which predicts average indoor radon levels in U.S. counties. Overall, 46.0% (95% confidence interval [39.8%, 52.4%]) of schools reported that they had ever been tested for radon. Testing significantly varied by region, percentage of minority students, and radon zone. These findings highlight the need for improved awareness of radon testing in schools, as testing is the only way to identify when remediation is needed.

scholarly journals The West Central Alberta Woodland Caribou Landscape Plan: Using a Modeling Approach to Develop Alternative Scenarios

Rangifer ◽  
2011 ◽  
pp. 103-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Hubbs ◽  
Piotr Weclaw ◽  
Michael Sullivan ◽  
Nicole McCutchen
Keyword(s):  
Cervus Elaphus ◽  
Habitat Management ◽  
Rangifer Tarandus ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Woodland Caribou ◽  
Fire Control ◽  
The West ◽  
Old Growth ◽  
West Central ◽  
Alternative Scenarios

Woodland caribou (Rangifer tarandus) are classified as threatened in Alberta. In support of Canada's Species at Risk Act, a Recovery Plan for Woodland Caribou in Alberta was completed in 2004 which required local implementation plans to be completed within 5 areas of the province. The West Central Alberta Caribou Landscape Plan (WCCLP) is the first of these to be initiated and it addresses the recovery strategies for 4 herds. Two aspatial computer models built on the STELLA© modelling platform (ISee Systems, 2007) were used to assist the planning team in evaluating cumulative effects and alternative scenarios for caribou conservation. The ALCES© (Forem Technologies 2008) modelling tool was used to forecast potential changes in the west central Alberta landscape over time. Yearly landscape condition outputs from ALCES© were then exported into a caribou-specific population model, REMUS© (Weclaw, 2004), that was used to project potential population responses by woodland caribou, other primary prey species [moose (Alces alces), elk (Cervus elaphus) and deer (Odocoileus sp.)] and wolves (Canis lupus) (Weclaw & Hudson, 2004). Simulated habitat management strategies that resulted in the highest likelihood of caribou recovery included the maintenance of a high proportion of old forest, the aggregation of industrial footprints and the reclamation of historic seismic lines (although the latter took decades to provide real dividends). Sharing of industrial roads, protection of fragments of old-growth, and expanding an already aggressive fire control strategy in Alberta had little additional effect on caribou recovery. Simulated population management strategies that were successful all involved decades of intensive wolf control, either directly or indirectly through intensive primary prey control (with the exception of woodland caribou) until old-growth forests recovered to densities that provided caribou habitat and decreased alternate prey of wolves. Although this modelling approach makes broad assumptions, it provides simple fundamental relationships that were useful in a multi-stakeholder team setting when evaluating the efficacy of different management strategies for the conservation of woodland caribou.

scholarly journals Naturally and Artificially Drought-Induced Small-Plants within the Pure-Line Runner-Type Peanut Cultivar ‘Georgia-10T’

2019 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 198-202
Author(s):  
W.D. Branch ◽  
C.K. Kvien ◽  
A.K. Culbreath
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Subsequent Development ◽  
Pure Line ◽  
Individual Plant ◽  
Early Season ◽  
Greenhouse Study ◽  
Drought Tolerant ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea L ◽  
Autumn And Winter

ABSTRACT During 2011 at Tifton and Plains, GA, there was an early-season drought stress period during May and June. A few drought-tolerant plants were identified and tagged which appeared green and turgid amongst otherwise dry and severely-wilted plants within the pure-line, runner-type peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) cultivar, ‘Georgia-10T'. Pod and seeds were harvested from these drought-tolerant individual plant selections (IPS) for increase and testing. During autumn and winter of 2014 to 2015, a greenhouse drought study was utilized to test these IPS's compared to the parental check cultivar. Green and turgid plants were identified within the same check cultivar after exposing the plants to an early-season two-wk drought stress period at 60 and 90 d after planting. Seed from IPS of naturally occurring and artificially drought-induced plants produced similar normal and small-plants. Replicated preliminary yield tests were conducted during 2017 to compare progeny rows from these IPS's to the check cultivar, Georgia-10T. Field trial data indicated that the smaller-plants produced from early-season drought stress had significantly reduced yield, grade, pod size, and seed size as compared to larger plant selections and Georgia-10T parental cultivar. In a greenhouse study conducted during autumn and winter of 2017 to 2018, these small plants had significantly shorter internode length and mainstem height compared to the same small plants treated with gibberellic acid (GA3) which were taller and had longer internode lengths after one and two months. Small plants resulted from artificially and naturally occurring early-season drought-induced stress within the pure-line runner-type peanut cultivar, Georgia-10T, were caused by lack of GA3. The normal and small-plants each have bred true-to-type following several self-generations. The ramification of these findings suggest the importance of early-season irrigation, especially for seed production of peanut cultivars to avoid subsequent development of low-yielding, small-plants induced by drought-stress.

scholarly journals The response of macroinvertebrates to artificially enhanced detritus levels in plantation streams

2004 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 550-559 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. L. Pretty ◽  
M. Dobson
Keyword(s):  
Aquatic Invertebrates ◽  
Woody Debris ◽  
Standing Stock ◽  
Taxon Richness ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Local Fauna ◽  
Old Growth ◽  
Old Growth Forest ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Conifer Plantation

Abstract. The leaves and wood from vegetation surrounding headwater streams constitute a major food source for aquatic invertebrates, providing they are retained upon the streambed and not transported downstream. This study investigated the response of aquatic invertebrates to artificially increased detritus retention, in an effort to reproduce the naturally occurring build up of dead organic matter associated with streams in old-growth forest. The background detrital standing stock in streams in Kielder Forest (Northumberland, UK) was low, approximately 32 gm-2. Two streams flowing through dense conifer plantation and one in open broadleaved woodland were manipulated by the addition of logs over a 10 m stream reach. After several months, log addition significantly enhanced detrital standing stocks in both conifer and broadleaved streams. Total invertebrate abundance, taxon richness and the numbers of certain numerically dominant families were significantly higher in experimental than reference reaches in both conifer and broadleaved streams. This response was most marked for detritivores, whilst non-detritivore groups often showed no response to the manipulation. Whilst in the short term the responses to enhanced retention may reflect a redistribution of the local fauna, it is argued that over a longer time-scale, a genuine increase in invertebrate density and diversity could occur. Allowing old-growth forest to develop in planted valley bottoms may be a viable management option for conservation. If established alongside streams, it would ensure continuous input of woody material and the fauna may benefit from the resulting increase in detritus retention. Keywords: forestry, detritivores, old-growth conifers, river management, woody debris

Removal trapping studies of dispersal in Peromyscus leucopus

1985 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
David T. Krohne ◽  
Mark S. Miner
Keyword(s):  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Deciduous Forest ◽  
Peromyscus Leucopus ◽  
Eastern Deciduous Forest ◽  
Old Growth ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Resident Populations

Removal trapping was used to study the patterns of dispersal in a population of Peromyscus leucopus inhabiting old-growth eastern deciduous forest. Dispersers colonizing an artificial dispersal sink were biased toward males compared with nearby resident populations. Both male and female dispersers were biased toward younger, nonreproductive classes. There was no relationship between the number of dispersers or the rate of dispersal and density. In comparison with previous studies of dispersal in these same populations, removal trapping appeared to confirm the lack of any significant relationship between dispersal and density. However, it is apparent that removal trapping studies induce mice to disperse that otherwise might not have moved.

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