Morphological variation and taxonomy of chromosomally differentiated Peromyscus from the Pacific Northwest

1988 ◽  
Vol 66 (12) ◽  
pp. 2734-2739 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marc W. Allard ◽  
Ira F. Greenbaum
Keyword(s):  
Pacific Northwest ◽  
Morphological Variation ◽  
Deer Mouse ◽  
Geographic Area ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Vancouver Island ◽  
Deer Mice ◽  
Strait Of Georgia ◽  
Fundamental Number ◽  
The Pacific

Analysis of 28 morphological characters supports the existence of two karyotypically defined species of Peromyscus on Vancouver Island and islands in the Queen Charlotte Strait and the Strait of Georgia. Morphology of insular and mainland populations from Washington and British Columbia is congruent with karyotypic data indicating that only the smaller, low fundamental number deer mice should be retained with Peromyscus maniculatus, and that the larger, high fundamental number forms should be referred to Peromyscus areas. Accordingly, P. maniculatus ranges throughout Vancouver Island, is the only deer mouse inhabiting the islands of the Strait of Georgia, and occurs on some of the more northern small islands. Insular forms of P. areas occur on northern and western Vancouver Island and on the islands in the Queen Charlotte Strait. The existence of two species in this geographic area indicates the need for a revision of the subspecific taxonomy. From the patterns of morphological variation among the examined populations of karyotypically characterized individuals, we offer hypotheses that should be tested in the development of formal intraspecific taxonomic decisions.

Chromosomal variation and differentiation among insular populations of Peromyscus from the Pacific Northwest

1988 ◽  
Vol 66 (12) ◽  
pp. 2726-2733 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott J. Gunn
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Pacific Northwest ◽  
Peromyscus Maniculatus ◽  
Distinct Species ◽  
Deer Mice ◽  
Chromosomal Variation ◽  
Fundamental Number ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Chromosomal Banding ◽  
Insular Populations

Karyotypic data from 561 deer mice (Peromyscus spp.) from populations on islands off British Columbia and Washington indicate the presence of two distinct karyotypic groups, a low fundamental number (FN) group (FN = 74–78) and a high FN group (FN = 85–92). The absence of karyotypic intermediates at nine localities of sympatry is interpreted as demonstrating that the two FN groups represent distinct species. Based on data from comparable mainland forms, the low FN form is considered to represent Peromyscus maniculatus and the high FN form is suggested to be conspecific with Peromyscus areas. Chromosomal banding data indicate extensive chromosomal variation within each of these species and provide discrete karyotypic characters unique to each species. The inclusion of the high FN insular forms with P. oreas does not affect the chromosomally determined cladistic placement of P. oreas as a laxon derived from P. maniculatus.

scholarly journals Morphological Variation in Western Trailing Blackberry (Rubus ursinus) in the Pacific Northwest

HortScience ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 767F-767
Author(s):  
Angela K. Anderson ◽  
Chad E. Finn
Keyword(s):  
Pacific Northwest ◽  
Morphological Variation ◽  
Cold Hardiness ◽  
Color Change ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Genetic Distances ◽  
Senescent Leaf ◽  
Greenhouse Study ◽  
The Pacific

Trailing blackberry cultivars, such as `Marion', can be traced to relatively few chance selections of Rubus ursinus Cham. & Schlecht. Wild R. ursinus offer a range of horticulturally desirable traits to breeders, from high fruit quality to improved cold hardiness. Cuttings from 460 plants, representing 20 populations in southern British Columbia, Washington, and Oregon, collected in 1993. Rooted clones were planted in 1994 in a replicated field trial to assess morphological variation. A greenhouse study was also undertaken, with 10 clones represented from each site, in two replications. Preliminary data from the greenhouse and field studies show variability in the following morphological characters: Glandular hairs; cane and prickle color; cane diameter; prickle density; internode length; leaf color, size, shape and density; and senescent leaf drop and color change. Floricane morphology will be assessed in 1995. Analysis of these data will determine relative genetic distances among the populations and enhance the understanding of the diversity available in R. ursinus.

scholarly journals Erysiphe trifolii Causing Powdery Mildew of Lentil (Lens culinaris)

Plant Disease ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 93 (8) ◽  
pp. 797-803 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renuka N. Attanayake ◽  
Dean A. Glawe ◽  
Frank M. Dugan ◽  
Weidong Chen
Keyword(s):  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Pacific Northwest ◽  
The United States ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Grain Legumes ◽  
Its Sequences ◽  
Powdery Mildew Fungus ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Soybean Genotypes ◽  
Erysiphe Trifolii

The taxonomy of the powdery mildew fungus infecting lentil in the Pacific Northwest (PNW) of the United States was investigated on the basis of morphology and rDNA internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequences. Anamorphic characters were in close agreement with descriptions of Erysiphe trifolii. However, teleomorphs formed chasmothecial appendages with highly branched apices, whereas E. trifolii has been described as producing flexuous or sometimes loosely branched appendages. Branched appendages have been described in Erysiphe diffusa, a fungus reported from species of Lens, Glycine, and Sophora, raising the possibility that the PNW fungus could be E. diffusa. Examination of morphological characters of an authentic specimen of E. trifolii from Austria determined that it included chasmothecial appendages resembling those seen in PNW specimens. Furthermore, ITS sequences from five powdery mildew samples collected from lentils in PNW greenhouses and fields from 2006 to 2008 were identical to one another, and exhibited higher similarity to sequences of E. trifolii (99%) than to those of any other Erysiphe spp. available in GenBank. Parsimony analysis grouped the lentil powdery mildew into a clade with Erysiphe baeumleri, E. trifolii, and E. trifolii–like Oidium sp., but indicated a more distant relationship to E. diffusa. In greenhouse inoculation studies, the lentil powdery mildew fungus did not infect soybean genotypes known to be susceptible to E. diffusa. The pathogenicity of E. trifolii on lentil was confirmed using modified Koch's postulates. This is the first report of E. trifolii infecting lentil. E. diffusa and E. trifolii have different host ranges, so the discovery of E. trifolii on lentil has implications both for determining species of powdery mildews on cool-season grain legumes, and in disease management.

scholarly journals Comparison of Coastal Fringe and Interior Forests as Reserves for Marbled Murrelets on Vancouver Island

The Condor ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 102 (4) ◽  
pp. 915-920
Author(s):  
Alan E. Burger ◽  
Volker Bahn ◽  
Angeline R. M. Tillmanns
Keyword(s):  
Pacific Northwest ◽  
Structural Diversity ◽  
Vancouver Island ◽  
Old Growth ◽  
Brachyramphus Marmoratus ◽  
Marbled Murrelet ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Associated Species ◽  
Marbled Murrelets

Abstract Much of the protected habitat available to the threatened Marbled Murrelet Brachyramphus marmoratus and other old-growth associated species in the Pacific Northwest is in narrow strips along the coast (e.g., parks and scenic fringes). Using data over two years from three watersheds on southwest Vancouver Island, we show that such shoreline strip forests represent suboptimal habitat for murrelets. Murrelet detections, including circling and subcanopy behaviors, were significantly lower at 30 coastal stations (20–250 m from the shoreline edge) than at 30 interior stations (1.5–21.0 km inland). Densities of predators were significantly higher at the coastal stations. The coastal trees were of similar mean height and diameter, but they had lower structural diversity and provided fewer and less suitable (thinner epiphyte cover on large boughs) nesting platforms than trees in the interior. When possible, reserves for Marbled Murrelets should be placed in interior and not shoreline forests.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Genotypes of Cryptosporidium in Wildlife Populations Co-Located in a Protected Watershed in the Pacific Northwest, 2013 to 2016

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 914
Author(s):  
Xunde Li ◽  
Tran Nguyen ◽  
Chengling Xiao ◽  
Ann Levy ◽  
Yone Akagi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pacific Northwest ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Deer Mouse ◽  
18S Rrna Gene ◽  
Snowshoe Hare ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Mountain Beaver ◽  
Wildlife Populations ◽  
Aplodontia Rufa

Between October 2013 and May 2016, 506 scat samples were collected from 22 species of wildlife located in a protected watershed of a major municipal water supply in the Pacific Northwest, USA. Overall prevalence of Cryptosporidium in the wildlife scat was 13.8% (70/506), with 15 species of wildlife found positive for Cryptosporidium. Prevalence of Cryptosporidium varied among species of wildlife, with higher prevalences observed in cougars (50.0%), mountain beavers (40.0%), and bobcats (33.3%), but none of these species are riparian-dependent. Genotyping of Cryptosporidium by sequencing PCR amplicons from the 18S rRNA gene were successful for seven species of wildlife, including bobcat, unknown predator, black-tailed deer, deer mouse, snowshoe hare, mountain beaver, and western spotted skunk. BLAST and phylogenetic analyses indicated that multiple species and genotypes of Cryptosporidium were present, with some isolates possibly co-circulating within and between wildlife populations in this protected watershed. Evidence of oocyst exchange between infected prey and their predators was also found. During the study period, several zoonotic Cryptosporidium species and genotypes that are uncommon in humans were detected in bobcat (99.58% identical to Cryptosporidium felis), unknown predator (100% identical to Cryptosporidium canis), snowshoe hare (100% identical to Cryptosporidium sp. skunk genotype), and mountain beaver (100% identical to Cryptosporidium ubiquitum). Novel sequences were also found in mountain beaver. To our knowledge, this is the first published report of a unique genotype or species of Cryptosporidium in mountain beaver (Aplodontia rufa).

Hydrographic Charting and Oceanography on the West Coast of Canada from the Eighteenth Century to the Present Day

1972 ◽  
Vol 73 ◽  
pp. 75-83
Author(s):  
Robert W. Sandilands
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Pacific Northwest ◽  
West Coast ◽  
Vancouver Island ◽  
The West ◽  
Special Place ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Formative Years

Those participating in this Congress are aware of the leadership of Rear-Admiral George Henry Richards in mounting the Challenger Expedition, which he himself regarded as the crowning achievement of his career. However, he also has a very special place in the history and development of British Columbia and it can fairly be said that his work in the Pacific Northwest was the major achievement of his sea-going career. His service on the coast covered the short period 1857 to 1863, but these were formative years in the development of the west coast colonies of Vancouver Island and British Columbia.

scholarly journals Morphology and Population Characteristics of Vancouver Island Cougars, Puma concolor vancouverensis

2004 ◽  
Vol 118 (2) ◽  
pp. 159
Author(s):  
Steven F. Wilson ◽  
Apryl Hahn ◽  
Aaron Gladders ◽  
Karen M. L. Goh ◽  
David M. Shackleton
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
Pacific Northwest ◽  
Puma Concolor ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Vancouver Island ◽  
Population Characteristics ◽  
Top Predator ◽  
Adult Females ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Age And Sex

Cougars are a management concern on Vancouver Island because they are a top predator and because there have been frequent attacks on humans on the island. However, little is known about Cougar ecology in the Pacific Northwest of North America. We studied Cougar morphology and population characteristics as part of a larger study in two areas on Vancouver Island. We derived a multivariate measure of body size to describe changes with age and sex. Body size was similar in the two study areas. Survival rates for adult females were higher than those reported elsewhere; however, hunters avoided shooting females in general, and radio-collared Cougars in particular. Litter size at first detection was lower than reported in many other studies and may be related to food availability.Includes erratum for a figure in this article.

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