Mate choice in American Redstarts: by territory quality?

1988 ◽  
Vol 66 (10) ◽  
pp. 2255-2261 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael M. J. Morris ◽  
Robert E. Lemon

We consider the hypothesis that mate choice in American Redstarts (Setophaga ruticilla) depends primarily on features of territories held by males. We test the hypothesis that the territories of yearling males are demonstrably different from and inferior for reproduction to those of adult males. Territories held by the two age-classes in New Brunswick, Canada, were floristically different, but there were also major differences in territorial features in three microgeographic areas, both within each age-group and without regard to age. There were greater differences in nest success between areas than between the age-classes. We detected no differences in immediate nest site features between nests built by the mates of yearling and adult males. There were differences across the three areas in the species of trees used as nest sites, probably reflecting differences in availability. Support for the claim of different reproductive success in relation to quality of territories held by the two age-classes of males is not convincing.

1988 ◽  
Vol 66 (7) ◽  
pp. 1679-1684 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petr E. Komers ◽  
David A. Boag

The influence of age and dominance on measures of reproductive effort were investigated in 26 breeding pairs of captive black-billed magpies, Pica pica. Pairs with adult males constructed nests faster, initiated clutches earlier, and produced larger clutches than pairs with juvenile males. Age of females did not influence these variables. The results suggest that the reproductive output of males varies with age more than that of females. Thus when choosing a mate, females have a wider range of parental quality to choose from than do males. This may explain why females are more discriminant than males in mate choice. Paternal quality of breeding males was tested experimentally. During incubation, adult males searched longer for food, approached a potential predator more closely, and attacked a territory intruder more often than did juvenile males. This suggests that adult males invest more in parental care than juvenile males. It may also be a reason for female preference of adult males. There were no differences in the above variables between dominance classes of males in either age group. However, since competition among individuals was excluded by the captive situation, the significance of dominance status was probably minimized.


The Auk ◽  
1986 ◽  
Vol 103 (4) ◽  
pp. 694-700 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hisashi Nagata

Abstract Morphological and territorial factors that influence female mate choice were examined in the monogamous Middendorff's Grasshopper-Warbler (Locustella ochotensis) on an islet near Fukuoka, Japan. I assumed that pairing date corresponded with female mate choice. Pairing date was correlated with both territory size and food abundance but was not correlated with selected morphological characteristics of males. Territorial quality was assumed to be correlated with territory size because preferable food resources and nest sites were distributed randomly. I conclude that female mate choice was influenced by territory quality rather than by the morphological characteristics of males.


2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 1054-1064 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anyelet Valencia-Aguilar ◽  
Kelly R Zamudio ◽  
Célio F B Haddad ◽  
Steve M Bogdanowicz ◽  
Cynthia P A Prado

Abstract Female mate choice is often based on male traits, including signals or behaviors, and/or the quality of a male’s territory. In species with obligate paternal care, where care directly affects offspring survival, females may also base their mate choices on the quality of a sire’s care. Here, we quantified male reproductive success in a natural population of the glass frog Hyalinobatrachium cappellei, a species with male parental care, to determine the influence of territory quality, male traits, and paternal care behaviors on female mate choice. We found that attending males have a higher chance of gaining new clutches than nonattending males. Our results indicate that females do not select males based only on body condition, calling persistence, or territory traits. Instead, our findings support the hypothesis that females choose males based on care status. Indeed, males already attending a clutch were 70% more likely to obtain another clutch, and the time to acquire an additional clutch was significantly shorter. We also found that males adjust their parental care effort in response to genetic relatedness by caring only for their own offspring; however, remaining close to unrelated clutches serves as a strategy to attract females and increase chances of successful mating. Thus, males that establish territories that already contain clutches benefit from the signal eggs provide to females.


2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 63-69
Author(s):  
Bo Zhou ◽  
Changzhang Feng ◽  
Wei Liang

The quality of breeding habitat may directly affect the survival and development of progeny. Therefore, the selection of a suitable nest-site is an important factor affecting the reproductive success of birds. The most important reason for a bird’s reproductive failure is nest predation. Predation may cause birds to change their nest-sites and even nest morphology. Here we investigated the nest-site characteristics by long-tailed broadbills ( Psarisomus dalhousiae) in Nonggang, Guangxi, southwestern China. Our results showed that long-tailed broadbills in Nonggang mainly build their nests on power lines (88.5%) and nest-site selection was mainly affected by predation pressure and food resources. At the same time, nest-site concealment was trade-off against predator avoidance. This anti-predator strategy effectively utilizes human infrastructure.


Behaviour ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 141 (7) ◽  
pp. 899-913 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
◽  
◽  

Abstract Nannophrys ceylonensis (Ranidae) is a terrestrial breeding anuran, found on wet vertical or near-vertical rock surfaces. Non-breeding adult males and females take refuge in separate crevices in the rock surfaces during the day and emerge at night to forage. Males can be polygynous; mating takes place inside crevices. Fathers exhibit paternal care for multiple clutches of eggs and guard eggs from predators. Paternal care of this species is obligatory; hatching success decreases without it. Females do not contribute to parental care. Males show nest site fidelity and defend territories against conspecifics. A scarcity of suitable nest sites may limit reproductive success in N. ceylonensis. Larvae hatch at Gosner stages 21-22 and leave their nests at stages 24-25 to live as truly terrestrial tadpoles, foraging on the rock surfaces near their natal nests.


Behaviour ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 151 (5) ◽  
pp. 591-612 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masaru Hasegawa ◽  
Emi Arai ◽  
Mamoru Watanabe ◽  
Masahiko Nakamura

The European barn swallow, Hirundo rustica rustica, is a model system of female mate choice for indirect benefits. Its long tail, which is the target of female mate choice, is positively related to the genetic quality of males, whereas direct benefits in terms of territory quality and paternal care are unimportant in the choice of long-tailed males. However, the situation may differ in other subspecies where male ornaments other than tail length are elaborate and appear to be the main target of female choice. Here we studied whether throat colouration, a sexually selected trait, provides direct benefits in terms of territory quality and parental care in a population of Japanese barn swallows, H. r. gutturalis, which have short tails and large throat patches. We compared dyads of males occupying neighbouring territories to study the relationship between male ornamentation and territory quality in our sparse population. Males with higher quality territories had more colourful throat patches than males with lower quality territories, indicating a positive relationship between male throat colouration and the quality of their territory. In contrast, male feeding rate decreased with increasing colourfulness of male throat patch without confounding with female feeding rate. These results are consistent with previous studies showing a positive association between plumage colouration and testosterone levels. The trade-off between the two direct benefits of mate choice, i.e., territory quality and paternal care, can explain sexual selection for colourful throat patches rather than long tails in our sparse outdoor population, a typical breeding habitat in Japan, whereas it predicts a reverse pattern in dense indoor populations as found in Europe.


1985 ◽  
Vol 63 (8) ◽  
pp. 1991-1994 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. G. Whoriskey ◽  
G. J. FitzGerald

In a field population of Gasterosteus aculeatus, analysis of the patterns of nest destruction following removal of males indicated that nest site variables per se offered little protection against egg predation in the absence of paternal defense. These experiments also indicated that male breeding densities were not limited by a lack of space for territories. We suggest that site quality and male quality, which is determined in part by the quality of parental defense, interact to determine the number of eggs a male can hatch.


1996 ◽  
Vol 74 (8) ◽  
pp. 1394-1401 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan B. Meek ◽  
Robert M. R. Barclay

We assessed the settlement pattern of colonial Cliff Swallows (Hirundo pyrrhonota) to examine whether they avoid settling near to each other or prefer to nest in close proximity. Male Cliff Swallows occupied and defended nests before females paired with them, and males settled next to other males significantly more often than expected by chance. In contrast to that of males, female settlement was not significantly different from random: females neither preferred nor avoided settling next to other Cliff Swallows, nor did females select old nests on the basis of nest stability. Neither males nor females chose nests in the same order from year to year, suggesting that quality of old nests was not an important factor affecting settlement patterns. Male arrival date is related to quality in some species, but female Cliff Swallows did not select the earliest arriving males. There was also no correlation between the order in which females chose mates and male traits. All nest sites may have offered females an equal probability of success, leading to random settlement with respect to other females, nests, and males.


2013 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 20130685 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolina Doran ◽  
Tom Pearce ◽  
Aaron Connor ◽  
Thomas Schlegel ◽  
Elizabeth Franklin ◽  
...  

Organisms should invest more in gathering information when the pay-off from finding a profitable resource is likely to be greater. Here, we ask whether animal societies put more effort in scouting for a new nest when their current one is of low quality. We measured the scouting behaviour of Temnothorax albipennis ant colonies when they inhabit nest-sites with different combinations of desirable attributes. We show that the average probability of an ant scouting decreases significantly with an increase in the quality of the nest in which the colony currently resides. This means that the greater the potential gain from finding a new nest, the more effort a colony puts into gathering information regarding new nest-sites. Our results show, for the first time to our knowledge, the ability of animal societies to respond collectively to the quality of a resource they currently have at their disposal (e.g. current nest-site) and regulate appropriately their information gathering efforts for finding an alternative (e.g. a potentially better nest-site).


The Condor ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 103 (3) ◽  
pp. 544-554 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alberto Velando ◽  
Juan Freire

AbstractThe central-periphery distribution model of nest dispersion suggests that nests located in the center of a colony are less accessible to predators and that birds breeding in the central area are of better physical quality and have greater reproductive success. Another hypothesis, the central-satellite distribution model, suggests that low-quality birds build their nests near those of high-quality pairs, which do not necessarily settle in the colony's center. Advantages of this type of association include increasing the opportunity for extra-pair copulation by low-quality females and increasing the potential for low-quality individuals to obtain a better breeding site or partner in the following season. Here we test these hypotheses on two colonies (Portelo and Faro) of the European Shag (Phalacrocorax aristotelis) on the Cíes Islands, Galicia, northwest Spain. Spatial distribution of pairs differing in quality was analyzed using residuals of reproductive success, eliminating the effect of physical quality of the nest site. A negative autocorrelation of these residuals between nests at short distances was detected for the Portelo colony. In Faro there was no evidence that nest distribution differed from a random distribution. Occupation of nest sites (measured as new nest or reoccupied nest) showed negative autocorrelation at short distances, implying that there was an association between new and reoccupied sites. These results demonstrate that nest distribution of European Shag colonies does not fit the central-periphery model, but rather corresponds to either the central-satellite model or to a random distribution.¿Es Generalizable el Modelo Centro-Periferia a Todas las Colonias de Aves Marinas? Distribución Espacial de los Nidos en Phalacrocorax aristotelisResumen. La distribución de los nidos en aves coloniales puede ser explicada por dos modelos. El modelo centro-periferia implica que las aves que crían en el centro de una colonia son menos accesibles a los depredadores, poseen una mejor condición y tienen un mayor éxito reproductivo. En cambio, el modelo centro-satélite sugiere que aves de baja calidad construyen sus nidos cerca de parejas de alta calidad para obtener ventajas como un mayor número de cópulas extrapareja por parte de hembras de baja calidad o un mejor sitio de cría o pareja en la siguiente estación de cría. En el presente estudio, nosotros contrastamos estos modelos con la distribución de la calidad de las parejas de Phalacrocorax aristotelis en dos colonias (Portelo y Faro) de las Islas Cíes situadas en Galicia, noroeste de España. Hemos utilizado como indicador de la calidad de la pareja los residuales del éxito reproductor, eliminando el efecto de la calidad del sitio de nido. En la colonia del Portelo se observó una correlación negativa entre la calidad de las parejas a una distancia menor de 4 m; en el Faro, en cambio, no hubo evidencias de una distribución diferente al azar. Además, se encontró una correlación espacial negativa entre los sitios de nido en los que se construyó un nido por primera vez y los sitios que fueron reocupados. En global, estos resultados muestran que la distribución de las colonias del P. aristotelis no corresponde al modelo centro-periferia, sino más bien al modelo centro-satélite o en todo caso, a una distribución al azar.


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