Population characteristics of the estuarine isopod Gnorimosphaeroma insulare in three contrasting habitats: sedge marsh, algal bed, and wood debris

1987 ◽  
Vol 65 (8) ◽  
pp. 2097-2104 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. J. Stanhope ◽  
D. W. Powell ◽  
E. B. Hartwick
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Carrying Capacity ◽  
Development Time ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Population Characteristics ◽  
Fucus Distichus ◽  
Wood Debris ◽  
Contrasting Habitats ◽  
Similar Growth

Population characteristics of Gnorimosphaeroma insulare (Isopoda: Sphaeromatidae) were investigated in three habitats within the Squamish estuary, British Columbia: a log debris area, an embankment along the perimeter of a Carex lyngbyei marsh, and a Fucus distichus community. Gnorimosphaeroma insulare annual production was highest in the Fucus habitat (39.54–48.05 g dry wt∙m−2∙year−1) followed by "bank" (22.97–27.74 g∙m−2∙year−1) and then wood debris habitats (4.72–6.43 g∙m−2∙year−1). Cohort figures indicated that male productivity was greater than female productivity in all locations. Production:biomass ratios were similar in all three habitats and ranged between 2.47 and 3.17. Mortality rates were greatest in Fucus; those in wood debris and bank habitats were similar. Growth rates were highest in the bank habitat; those in wood debris and Fucus were similar. Growth and mortality rates of males were greater than those of females. Gnorimosphaeroma insulare is an annual semelparous species. Males died soon after mating, females soon after brood release. Fecundity was linearly related to body size but differed between locations (females from wood debris produced more eggs). Brood mortality was dependent on habitat: females from the bank habitat possessed the highest brood mortality followed by those from wood debris; females from Fucus did not possess any significant brood mortality. Egg development time was estimated at 120 days. The reduced carrying capacity of wood debris substrate is thought to be due to a paucity of microbial epiphytes, particularly fungi.

Growth and Production of Eogammarus confervicolus (Amphipoda: Anisogammaridae) at a Log Storage Site and in Areas of Undisturbed Habitat within the Squamish Estuary, British Columbia

1985 ◽  
Vol 42 (11) ◽  
pp. 1733-1740 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. J. Stanhope ◽  
C. D. Levsngs
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Storage Site ◽  
Algal Communities ◽  
Fucus Distichus ◽  
Adequate Food ◽  
Wood Debris ◽  
Contrasting Habitats ◽  
Eogammarus Confervicolus

Growth and production of Eogammarus confervicolus was investigated in three contrasting habitats within the Squamish estuary: a log debris area, an embankment along the perimeter of a Carex lyngbyei marsh, and a Fucus distichus community. Eogammarus confervicolus annual production was highest in the "bank" habitat (21.38–21.65 g∙m−2∙yr−1) followed by Fucus (11.31–12.99 g∙m−2∙yr−1) and then wood debris (6.12–6.75 g∙m−2∙yr−1). P: B ratios were similar for the bivoltine wood debris and bank animals (4.67–5.15 and 5.94–6.01, respectively) but lower for the univoltine Fucus population (3.28–3.76). Growth rates were judged to be higher in bank and Fucus than in wood debris. Mortality rates were highest in wood debris. The food available for estuarine amphipods in wood debris habitats is thought to be inferior to that produced in marsh and algal communities. Despite the fact that E. confervicolus production in wood debris was much lower than in undisturbed locations, the possibility remains that such areas are still adequate food gathering areas for juvenile salmonids, if water quality conditions permit fish access to the log storage site.

Maternal body size and condition determine calf growth rates in southern right whales

2018 ◽  
Vol 592 ◽  
pp. 267-281 ◽  
Author(s):  
F Christiansen ◽  
F Vivier ◽  
C Charlton ◽  
R Ward ◽  
A Amerson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Maternal Body ◽  
Calf Growth ◽  
Right Whales ◽  
Southern Right Whales

The mortality rates in registries of patients with STEMI are highly affected by inclusion criteria and population characteristics

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Elie Martins ◽  
Julien Magne ◽  
Valérie Pradel ◽  
Gilles Faugeras ◽  
Sebastien Bosle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Population Characteristics ◽  
Inclusion Criteria

scholarly journals Antibiosis effects of wild bean lines containing arcelin on Bemisia tabaci (Genn.) biotype B (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae)

2000 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 573-582 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria A. de G. Oriani ◽  
Fernando M. Lara
Keyword(s):  
Bemisia Tabaci ◽  
Development Time ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Near Isogenic Lines ◽  
Biochemical Screening ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
Wild Genotype ◽  
Biotype B ◽  
Antibiosis Resistance ◽  
Bemisia Tabaci Biotype B

The biology of Bemisia tabaci biotype B (Genn.) on bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) genotypes containing arcelin in the seeds was evaluated. Also, biochemical screening of seeds and leaves material of these genotypes were carried out in order to verify if traces of arcelin could be found in its leaves. The tests were conducted under greenhouse conditions, in the dry and wet seasons, with the following genotypes: ARC 3s, ARC 5s (wild genotypes containing arcelin in the seeds); ARC 1, ARC 2, ARC 3, ARC 4 (near isogenic lines containing arcelin in the seeds - EMBRAPA) and Porrillo 70, Bolinha, IAPAR MD 808 (commercial genotypes without arcelin). The wild genotypes, ARC 3s and ARC 5s, showed high levels of antibiosis resistance type, mainly for ARC 5s which presented the highest nymphs mortality rates, approximately 90%. Also, the longest development time for nymphs fed on ARC 5s genotype suggest antibiosis and/or feeding nonpreference resistance type. The wild genotype resistance is not related with arcelin presence in the seeds, since no trace of this protein was found in its leaves.

A STUDY OF RATES OF GROWTH OF YORKSHIRE, LACOMBE, LANDRACE, AND CROSSBRED PIGS FROM BIRTH TO 200 LB

1964 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 315-319
Author(s):  
J. M. Bell
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rates ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Growth Curves ◽  
Rates Of Growth ◽  
Similar Growth ◽  
Crossbred Pigs

Growth records were obtained from 12 research establishments across Canada for pigs fed according to current (1960–63) recommendations of nutrition and management. Growth curves showing age in days and weight in pounds are presented for the various breeds and crossbreds, for between-station comparisons, for comparison of upper and lower quartiles in purebred pigs, and for comparison of growth rates of purebreds with that of Yorkshires of 20 to 25 years ago.Age at 200 lb averaged from 152 to 187 days, among 10 stations for the Yorkshire breed. Pigs of each of the pure breeds reached 200 lb about 3 weeks earlier than that indicated in previous studies. Crossbred pigs of each of four different crosses grew more rapidly than average Yorkshires, some reaching 200 lb in 140 days and having gains in excess of 2.3 lb/day during the finishing period. Yorkshire, Lacombe, and Landrace pigs had similar growth curves. The upper quartile averaged 1.8 and the lower 1.4 lb/day gain between 100 and 200 lb weights. Slow-maturing pigs tended to be below average throughout life but differences in maturity between stations seemed to reflect differing rates of gain in early life, since finishing period gains were similar in 8 of 10 stations.

scholarly journals A skeletochronological estimate of age and growth in a large riparian frog from Madagascar (Anura, Mantellidae, Mantidactylus)

Herpetozoa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 39-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabio M. Guarino ◽  
Angelica Crottini ◽  
Marcello Mezzasalma ◽  
Jasmin E. Randrianirina ◽  
Franco Andreone
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Body Size ◽  
Sexual Size Dimorphism ◽  
The Body ◽  
Age And Growth ◽  
Growth Trajectories ◽  
Growth Coefficient ◽  
Size Dimorphism ◽  
Adult Females ◽  
Similar Growth

We characterized the body size (as snout-vent length), age, sexual size dimorphism, and growth rate in a population of one of the larger riparian frog from Madagascar (Mantidactylusgrandidieri) from a rainforest patch close to Vevembe, SE Madagascar. We identified a significant female-biased sexual size dimorphism. Age was estimated using phalangeal skeletochronology and was significantly higher in females than in males. Modal age class turned out to be 4 years in both sexes but a large percentage of adult females (75%) fell in the 5–6 years-old classes, while no male exceeded 4 years. We here report M.grandidieri as a medium-long-lived anuran species. Von Bertalanffy’s model showed similar growth trajectories between the sexes although the growth coefficient in females (k = 0.335) was slightly but not significantly higher than in males (k = 0.329).

scholarly journals Variation in growth and instar number in field and laboratory Manduca sexta

2007 ◽  
Vol 274 (1612) ◽  
pp. 977-981 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joel G Kingsolver
Keyword(s):  
North Carolina ◽  
Body Size ◽  
Manduca Sexta ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Developmental Plasticity ◽  
Larval Growth ◽  
Physiological Control ◽  
Larval Instars ◽  
Laboratory Colony ◽  
Early Larval Development

The tobacco hornworm Manduca sexta has been an important model system for understanding physiological control of growth, development and metamorphosis of insects for more than half a century. Like all Manduca , M. sexta typically has five larval instars, with developmental commitment to metamorphosis occurring early in the 5th (final) instar. Here we show that M. sexta from a field population in North Carolina (USA) shows substantial intraspecific variation in the number of larval instars when feeding on a modified artificial diet. Individuals with six instars consistently exhibited slower growth rates during early larval development than individuals with five instars. The frequency of individuals with six instars decreased with increased rearing temperature. In contrast, M. sexta from a laboratory colony consistently had five instars, and had more rapid larval growth rates than M. sexta from the field. We identify a threshold body size at the start of the 5th instar that predicts whether an individual will have five (greater than 600 mg) or six instars (less than 600 mg). Variation in field populations in Manduca provides an important resource for understanding physiological control, developmental plasticity and evolution of growth rate, body size and instar number.

Effects of Truttaedacnitis truttae (Nematoda: Cucullanidae) on growth and swimming of rainbow trout, Salmo gairdneri

1980 ◽  
Vol 58 (7) ◽  
pp. 1220-1226 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. R. Russell
Keyword(s):  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Growth Characteristics ◽  
Salmo Gairdneri ◽  
Food Conversion ◽  
Critical Swimming Speed ◽  
Nematode Parasites ◽  
Conversion Efficiencies ◽  
Similar Growth ◽  
Food Consumed

Growth and swimming abilities of fingerling and 1.5-year-old rainbow trout infected with the nematode parasite Truttaedacnitis truttae were examined. Control trout and trout infected in the laboratory with 5, 10, 20, 40, or 80 worms exhibited similar growth characteristics over a 10-week period within each of four experimental groups fed different rations of trout chow (1, 2, 3, or 4% of wet body weight fed per day). Decreasing growth rates showed some correlation with increasing numbers of nematode parasites. Differences between growth rates, amounts of food consumed, and food conversion efficiencies of infected and noninfected fish were not statistically significant. Critical swimming speed, fixed velocity, and burst velocity stamina tests revealed similar swimming abilities in both control and infected trout. Maximum swimming speeds attained and time to fatigue at cruising speeds were more closely related to fish size than to numbers of worms with which fish were infected. Importance to rainbow trout survival of large natural infections with T. truttae is discussed.

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