Pituitary gonadotropin contents and ultrastructure of the gonadotrops in the African catfish Clarias gariepinus during the annual cycle in a natural habitat

1986 ◽  
Vol 64 (8) ◽  
pp. 1718-1726 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Peute ◽  
M. A. Zandbergen ◽  
H. J. Th. Goos ◽  
R. de Leeuw ◽  
R. Pinkas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Cycle ◽  
Secretory Granules ◽  
Natural Habitat ◽  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
Early Spring ◽  
Late Winter ◽  
Breeding Period ◽  
African Catfish ◽  
Pituitary Gonadotropin ◽  
Gonadal Recrudescence

Over a period of 1 year, male and female specimens of a natural population of African catfish, Clarias gariepinus, were collected monthly at locations in northern Israel. Both the ultrastructural appearance of the gonadotrops and the pituitary gonadotropin content in males and females showed cyclical changes, which paralleled alterations in the reproductive cycle. In summer, during the breeding period, the gonadotrops were large and fully granulated, and pituitary gonadotropin reached maximum levels. After spawning, the resting period begins, with an increasing number of fusion products of secretory granules and globules in the gonadotrops, probably indicating a breakdown of hormone storage. This was followed by the appearance of residual bodies, cell shrinkage, and a considerable drop in pituitary gonadotropin content. In late winter and early spring, during gonadal recrudescence, the gonadotrops redeveloped, i.e., they increased in size and granulation, and at the same time the pituitary gonadotropin content augmented. This reproductive cycle will permit induced spawning and artificial propagation of African catfish from March till September. However, keeping the catfish at favourable feeding and temperature conditions may also permit the gonadotrops to produce gonadotropin continuously, thus providing the possibility of complete gametogenesis and of obtaining viable eggs and healthy larvae throughout the year.

A quantitative study of steroid bioconversions in the testis of the African catfish, Clarias gariepinus (Burchell), under natural spawning and natural and cultivated non-spawning conditions

1987 ◽  
Vol 112 (2) ◽  
pp. 323-332 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. G. E. J. Schoonen ◽  
J. G. D. Lambert ◽  
J. W. Resink ◽  
W. J. A. R. Viveen ◽  
P. G. W. J. Van Oordt
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Study ◽  
Nature Reserve ◽  
Natural Habitat ◽  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
Breeding Period ◽  
African Catfish ◽  
Steroid Synthesis ◽  
Androgen Synthesis ◽  
Cytochrome P 450

ABSTRACT Quantitative aspects of bioconversions in the testes of the African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) were studied in vitro by incubation of tissue with [3H]pregnenolone or [3H]androstenedione. During the breeding period, spawning and non-spawning animals were collected from their natural habitat, the Hula nature reserve, in northern Israel. In the same period, non-spawning animals were collected from a fish pond in the same region. It was shown that spawning was accompanied by significant changes in steroid bioconversions, i.e. a reduction in androgen synthesis, especially of 11β-hydroxyandrostenedione and 11β-hydroxytestosterone and an increase in the production of C21-steroids, especially progesterone, 17α-hydroxyprogesterone and a pregnenolone ester. These changes resulted from a decreased contribution of the cytochrome P-450 enzymes 17α-hydroxylase, C17–20-lyase and 11β-hydroxylase. A rise in plasma gonadotrophin concentration was observed only in spawning catfish. In the absence of such an increase in plasma gonadotrophin, steroid synthesis in the testes of non-spawning feral and pond catfish was primarily directed towards the production of 11-oxygenated androgens and 5β-pregnane-3α,17α,20α-triol. It is suggested that spawning is induced by gonadotrophin and the ensuing change in steroidogenesis. It is possible that husbandry conditions inhibit the necessary increase in gonadotrophin release. J. Endocr. (1987) 112, 323–332

scholarly journals Comparative study of African catfish parasites from cultured and natural habitats

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Olajide Joseph Afolabi ◽  
Fayokemi Christianah Olususi ◽  
Olusola Olasumbo Odeyemi
Keyword(s):  
Natural Habitat ◽  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
Parasitic Infection ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Infected Fish ◽  
African Catfish ◽  
Fish Ponds ◽  
Natural Habitats ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Sanitary Conditions

Abstract Background The study was conducted to compare parasitic loads of Clarias gariepinus from cultured and natural habitats. A total number of 80 live adults (200–799 g) C. gariepinus comprising of 20 each were randomly obtained from two cultured habitats (ponds) and two natural habitats (rivers). In the laboratory, these fish were all examined for the presence of parasites. Their sexes were identified while the lengths and weights were measured and recorded prior to dissection. The parasites observed were also identified using morphological characteristics. Results Out of the 80 C. gariepinus sampled, 43 (53.75%) were infected and a total of 409 parasites comprising of 141 (34.47%) ectoparasites and 268 (65.53%) endoparasites were observed from the infected fish. The prevalence of parasitic infection in cultured and natural habitats was 20% and 33.75%, respectively. The results showed that there was a significant difference (P < 0.05) in parasitic infection of C. gariepinus obtained from cultured and natural habitats. Parasitic loads were observed to be significantly higher in natural habitat (33.74% and 26.16% for river A and river B, respectively) compared to cultured habitat (20.54% and 19.55% for pond A and pond B, respectively). The prevalence of parasites in relation to sexes of C. gariepinus was not significantly different (P > 0.05) for both habitats. It was also noted that catfishes with body weight 500–599 g had the highest prevalence (100%) both in cultured and natural habitats. Conclusions The study showed that the parasite loads were more in C. gariepinus obtained from natural habitat compared to those obtained from cultured habitat. It is therefore recommended that the sanitary conditions under which fishes are reared in fish pond should be improved and fish stocked from natural habitats or unscreened ponds should be quarantined to eliminate and treat possible parasitic infection before introducing them into other fish ponds.

Seasonal changes in the germination responses of seeds of Veronica peregrina during burial, and ecological implications

1983 ◽  
Vol 61 (12) ◽  
pp. 3332-3336 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jerry M. Baskin ◽  
Carol C. Baskin
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Changes ◽  
Natural Habitat ◽  
General Pattern ◽  
Late Summer ◽  
Early Spring ◽  
Late Winter ◽  
Seasonal Temperature ◽  
Light In August ◽  
Late Autumn ◽  
Response To Temperature

Seeds of Veronica peregrina collected from a field population in central Kentucky were buried in soil and exposed to seasonal temperature changes. Fresh seeds and those exhumed after 1–26 months were tested in light and darkness at five thermoperiods simulating those in the natural habitat from early spring through late autumn. Freshly matured seeds were dormant, but they came out of dormancy in June and July and germinated to 98–100% in light in August at thermoperiods of 20:10, 25:15, 30:15, and 35:20 °C. Seeds retained the ability to germinate to high percentages at these temperatures until late winter and spring, but they never germinated to high percentages in darkness. Thus, in the natural habitat in July and August germination is prevented only by darkness and (or) insufficient soil moisture. At simulated habitat temperatures, seeds germinated to 88–100% in March and April but to only 21–69% in May and June. Seeds incubated at 15:6 °C showed a decline in germination percentages in late summer and autumn and an increase during late autumn and winter. The same general pattern of seasonal changes in germination response to temperature occurred during the 2nd year of burial.

scholarly journals MATURASI LELE MUTIARA Clarias gariepinus BETINA MELALUI PENAMBAHAN HORMON OODEV DAN ESTRADIOL-17ß PADA PAKAN

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-40
Author(s):  
Oktavia Rugus Ayu Enditha ◽  
Deny Sapto Chondro Utomo ◽  
Munti Sarida
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Reproductive Cycle ◽  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
Spawning Season ◽  
Maturity Index ◽  
African Catfish ◽  
North African ◽  
Gonadal Maturity ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

The problem in Mutiara strain of North African catfish Clarias gariepinus culture is that the production of both larvae and seeds is still inhibited by the seasonal reproductive cycle where the catfish only spawn once during the spawning season.  The purposes of this study were to evaluate the effect of administration of oodev and estradiol-17ß on the maturity process and to determine the best doses in accelerating the maturion of female Mutiara strain. This study used a Completely Randomized Design with 5 treatments and 3 individual replications. The treatments were combination between dose Oodev (PMSG and Anti-Dopamine) and dose Estradiol-17ß in feed (both doses in ml/kg feed):A(0+0), B(0.5+0), C(0+0.6), D(0.5+0,6), E(1+1). The results of this study showed that the administration of Oodev and Estradiol-17ß significant affect on gonadal maturity index about 82.21% compared to control and acclerating maturation of female mutiara strain with doses the best is the treatment E (oodev 1 ml/kg feed+estradiol-17ß 1 ml/kg feed).Key words: Clarias gariepinus, dose, estradiol-17ß, maturation, oodev

Blood parasitaemia in a high latitude flexible breeder, the white-winged crossbill,Loxia leucoptera: contribution of seasonal relapse versus new inoculations

Parasitology ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 137 (2) ◽  
pp. 261-273 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. DEVICHE ◽  
H. B. FOKIDIS ◽  
B. LERBOUR ◽  
E. GREINER
Keyword(s):  
Early Spring ◽  
Reproductive Hormones ◽  
Plasma Testosterone ◽  
Late Winter ◽  
Breeding Period ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Vector Abundance ◽  
Respective Contribution ◽  
Free Ranging ◽  
Winter Breeding

SUMMARYWe measured seasonal changes in the prevalence of haematozoa (Leucocytozoon fringillinarum, Haemoproteus fringillae, andTrypanosoma avium) in free-ranging White-winged Crossbills,Loxia leucoptera, over 1·5 year in Fairbanks, Alaska, USA. This prevalence was low during early winter.L. fringillinarumprevalence increased in late winter/early spring, in the absence of vectors, suggesting relapse of latent infection. By contrast, the prevalence ofT. aviumandH. fringillaedid not increase until mid-spring, coincident with the emergence of putative vectors and suggestive of new inoculations. The winter breeding period was not associated with lower body condition or elevated blood heterophil/lymphocyte ratios than the summer post-breeding period. Thus, birds unlikely perceived their breeding effort as particularly stressful. Adult males in May and June had low plasma testosterone and their blood prevalence ofL. fringillinarum, but not other haemoparasites, was higher than in adult females. This difference may have resulted from sex differences in behaviour and/or plumage colouration – bright red in males, dull green/yellow in females. Species in which reproduction and vector abundance are seasonally dissociated may constitute important models for investigating the respective contribution of reproductive hormones, breeding effort, and vector abundance to patent and latent hemoparasitic infections and to new inoculations.

scholarly journals KANDUNGAN VITAMIN C PADA OVARIUM IKAN LELE (Clarias gariepinus) SAAT SIKLUS REPRODUKSI

2010 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 120
Author(s):  
Hengky J Sinjal
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Fresh Water ◽  
Reproductive Cycle ◽  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
Stage Iii ◽  
Maturation Stage ◽  
Gonad Maturation ◽  
African Catfish ◽  
Wet Weight ◽  
Maximum Content

Vitamin C content in the ovarium of African Catfish (Clarias gariepinus) during reproductive cycle was investigated. One hundred twenty samples of females covering different stages of reproductive cycle were collected from fresh water ponds. The fishes were sacrifized and the ovarium were collected for analysis of gonad maturation stage (TKG), oocyt structure and vitamin C content in the ovarium.  Results indicated that average of vitamin C content of ovarium at stage I was 74.33mg/g (wet weight). The maximum content was found in stage III at level of 155.98mg/g (wet weight) and afterwards in the next stage vitamin C content decreased. The maximum of oocyt stadium 3 (oocyt vitelogenesis) was also found at this stage III. The findings indicate that vitamin C has a role in the reproductive cycle of catfish and its content is related to ovarium development and oogenesis.

EFEKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI BAWANG PUTIH (Allium sativum L) SEBAGAI PENGAWET ALAMI PADA IKAN LELE DUMBO (Clarias gariephinus) SEGAR

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 26
Author(s):  
Dyah Anggraeni ◽  
Nurlela Nurlela
Keyword(s):  
Room Temperature ◽  
Allium Sativum ◽  
Research Result ◽  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
Storage Period ◽  
The Body ◽  
Garlic Extract ◽  
African Catfish ◽  
Natural Preservatives ◽  
Colony Counter

Background: Natural preservatives are compounds produced by natural ingredients that can suppress bacterial growth and development. Natural preservatives are carried out because most of the preservatives circulating are chemicals and unsafe for the body. One of the natural preservatives is by using garlic extract (Allium sativum L).  Objective: This study is aimed to determine the effectiveness of the antibacterial garlic (Allium sativum L) as a natural preservative in fresh African catfish (Clarias gariepinus).  Method: This research used the Pour Plate iroculation method. African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) which is soaked with garlic (Allium sativum L) with a concentration of 7%, 14% and 21% for 30 minutes, then the fish will be kept at room temperature with a storage period of 24 hours and 48 hours and calculated growth in bacterial numbers with the Colony counter.  Result: Based on the research result, it was found that garlic extract (Allium sativum L) can obstruct the effectiveness of antibacterial in African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) at a concentration of 14%.

PEMBEKUAN SEMEN LELE DUMBO (Clarias Gariepinus BURCHELL 1822) SEBAGAI MODEL KRIOPRESERVASI SEMEN IKAN

2010 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lutfi Lutfi
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Nitrogen ◽  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
African Catfish ◽  
Nitrogen Vapor ◽  
Dmso Concentration ◽  
Freezing Temperatures ◽  
Vapor Liquid

<p><em>Effect of four types of diluents</em><em>s</em><em> and four concentration of DMSO (5%, 10%, 15% and 20%) against the motility of African catfish sperm were evaluated after storage at freezing temperatures. </em><em>The steps in preparation the 16 treatments combination of the diluents</em><em> </em><em>are </em><em>preparation of diluents, mixing </em><em>diluents </em><em>with DMSO, packing </em><em>of semen </em><em>in</em><em>to</em><em> 0.3-ml straw, equilibration of </em><em>semen </em><em>at 4 °C for 30 minutes, freezing </em><em>of </em><em>semen in nitrogen vapor liquid </em><em>at </em><em>a height of 6.5 cm for 10 minutes</em><em>,</em><em> and subsequent</em><em>ly</em><em> storage of </em><em>semen </em><em>in liquid nitrogen (-196</em><em> <sup>0</sup></em><em>C) for further analy</em><em>sis</em><em> </em><em>of </em><em>post-thawing motility (PTM). </em><em>The result showed that t</em><em>he highest level of motility of spermatozoa </em><em>was </em><em>in </em><em>treatment </em><em>P</em><em><sub>1</sub></em><em>D</em><em><sub>15 </sub></em><em>(45.7 ± 4.3%) and the lowest </em><em>was </em><em>in </em><em>treatment </em><em>P<sub>2</sub>D<sub>20</sub> (14.5 ± 13.2%). The best diluent </em><em>in </em><em>this observation </em><em>was </em><em>diluents containing NaCl, KCl, CaCl<sub>2</sub> and NaHCO<sub>3</sub>. The best concentration </em><em>was </em><em>DMSO 15%. While the best interaction between the concentration of DMSO diluents is P<sub>1</sub>D<sub>15</sub> treatments containing NaCl, KCl, CaCl <sub>2</sub> and NaHCO<sub>3</sub> with a combination of 15% DMSO concentration. </em><em>The </em><em>conclusion </em><em>of the research is that </em><em>diluents containing NaCl, KCl, CaCl<sub>2</sub> and NaHCO<sub>3</sub> with a combination of 15% DMSO concentration</em><em> can be used in </em><em>cryopreservation of African catfish semen</em><em>.</em></p>

Vitamin E as antioxidant in female african catfish (Clarias gariepinus) exposed to chronic toxicity of atrazine

2012 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 83-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shadia Kadry ◽  
Afnan Amer ◽  
Mohamed Marzouk ◽  
Magdy Hanna ◽  
Amal Azmy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin E ◽  
Chronic Toxicity ◽  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
African Catfish
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