Starvation and refeeding in Tribolium castaneum (Herbst). I. Effect on some biochemical components of sixth instar larvae

1986 ◽  
Vol 64 (8) ◽  
pp. 1628-1632 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mushtaq A. Saleem ◽  
A. R. Shakoori
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Acid Phosphatase ◽  
Soluble Protein ◽  
Free Amino ◽  
Amylase Activity ◽  
Glutamate Oxaloacetate Transaminase ◽  
Glutamate Pyruvate Transaminase ◽  
Glutamate Pyruvate ◽  
Phosphatase Alkaline

Five days of starvation led to a significant increase in the amylase activity of sixth instar larvae of Tribolium castaneum. Acid phosphatase, alkaline phosphatase, and lactate dehydrogenase activities and glucose, glycogen, free amino acids, and RNA contents showed a significant decrease. Other parameters such as glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase, glutamate pyruvate transaminase, total protein, soluble protein, lipids, cholesterol, and DNA content did not show any significant deviation. On prolongation of starvation for 10 days all the biochemical parameters tested were significantly reduced, except for the amylase activity and cholesterol content, which showed highly elevated values. The total and soluble protein content remained unaltered. Refeeding of starved larvae tended to normalize some of the parameters such as glucose, lipids, glycogen, and DNA. On the other hand, lactate dehydrogenase, acid phosphatase, alkaline phosphatase, glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase, glutamate pyruvate transaminase, free amino acids, and RNA decreased drastically, whereas the soluble protein and cholesterol contents increased considerably in refed larvae.

scholarly journals Effect of Aloe vera juice on toxicity induced by arsenic in Labeo rohita (Hamilton)

2010 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 300-304
Author(s):  
G. V. Zodape
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Free Amino Acids ◽  
Free Amino ◽  
Labeo Rohita ◽  
Aloe Vera ◽  
Glutamate Oxaloacetate Transaminase ◽  
Glutamate Pyruvate Transaminase ◽  
Acid And Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Muscle Tissues ◽  
Glutamate Pyruvate

An attempt has been made to study the effect of Aloe vera juice on the toxicity induced by arsenic on Labeo rohita fingerlings, exposed to sub–lethal concentration of a combination of arsenic and Aloe vera juice for 21 days. The study of bioaccumulation pattern of arsenic supplimented with Aloe vera juice was carried out on selected parts like liver and muscle tissues. In both the liver and muscle tissues a pronounced effect of arsenic and Aloe vera juice was noted on the activities of Glutamate - oxaloacetate transaminase (GOT), Glutamate - pyruvate transaminase (GPT), acid and alkaline phosphatase (ACP and ALP) enzymes. Also the levels of total proteins, total lipids, protease, free amino acids and glycogen were assessed. A significant decrease in enzymatic activity of GPT, GOT, ACP and ALP was noted in liver and muscle tissues. The level of protein, lipids and glycogen also decreased, whereas the amount of protease and free amino acids profoundly increased. The results of present study suggest that Aloe vera juice has an effective hepatoprotective and tissue protective property against arsenic toxicity. The results further suggest that the L.rohita fingerlings could be suitable for monitoring the bioavailability of water bound metals in fresh water habitats.

scholarly journals Observation on Haematological and Enzymatic Changes on Spontaneous Papillomatous Condition of Anabas testudineus (Bloch)

2005 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
B.K. DAS ◽  
P. PATTNAIK ◽  
B.K. MISHRA
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Immune System ◽  
Acid Phosphatase ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Glutamate Oxaloacetate Transaminase ◽  
Glutamate Pyruvate Transaminase ◽  
Anabas Testudineus ◽  
Glutamate Pyruvate ◽  
Enzymatic Changes

Haematological and enzymatic studies were made on the spontaneous cases of skin papilloma of climbing perch (Anabas testudineus). It was revealed that blood parameters and enzymatic levels showed hyperactive immune system in papilloma-affected fish as compared to the control group. Marked elevation of serum enzymatic pattern i.e. alkaline phosphatase (ALP), acid phosphatase (ACP), glutamate pyruvate transaminase (GPT) and glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (GOT) in spontaneous cases of tumour as compared to control.

SIGNIFICANCE OF TRANSAMINASE ACTIVITY OF SERUM

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1959 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 360-361
Author(s):  
SAMUEL P. BESSMAN
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Acid Phosphatase ◽  
Transaminase Activity ◽  
Specific Approach ◽  
Normal Tissues ◽  
The Past ◽  
Glycolytic Activity ◽  
Enzyme Characteristic ◽  
Phosphatase Alkaline

THE MEASUREMENT of enzyme activity of serum as an indicator of disease has a long history in medicine. In the past, it has been the aim of the designers of these methods to make them as specific as possible for assay of an enzyme characteristic of a particular system or group of similar organs. Examples of these venerable tests are those for amylase, acid phosphatase, alkaline phosphatase and choline esterase in the serum. Warburg made the first departure from this specificity by demonstrating that the activity of triosephosphate dehydrogenase in the serum of animals with cancer was much greater than that of controls. This test was partially specific, for as Warburg had earlier shown, the glycolytic activity of tumors is much greater than that of normal tissues. The non-specific approach became extreme with the introduction of the measurement of the glutamic-oxalacetic transaminase reaction in the diagnosis of acute coronary disease.

Acid phosphatase, alkaline phosphatase, and nitrate reductase activity of selected ectomycorrhizal fungi

1989 ◽  
Vol 67 (3) ◽  
pp. 750-753 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iwan Ho
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Acid Phosphatase ◽  
Nitrate Reductase ◽  
Phosphatase Activity ◽  
Ectomycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Acid Phosphatase Activity ◽  
Nitrate Reductase Activity ◽  
Reductase Activity ◽  
Phosphatase Alkaline

Seventeen isolates, encompassing five genera and eight species of ectomycorrhizal fungi, were compared for acid phosphatase, alkaline phosphatase, and nitrate reductase activity. Isolates within species differed in enzyme activity and isozyme patterns by host specificity and site (as exemplified by the genus Suillus). Host and site may have affected phosphatase enzyme activity. Generally, the Douglas-fir associates, which dominate in mesic sites, have higher acid phosphatase activity than pine associates, which mostly occupy xeric sites; however, pine associates from mesic sites also have higher acid phosphatase activity (e.g., S. tomentosus). In four isolates of Amanita muscaria, the effect of site was also apparent. Two of them, which have significantly higher acid phosphatase activity than the others, were isolated from mesic sites. The isozyme pattern of the genus Suillus appeared to be separated by host groups. Other isolates with only one species also differed more or less by host groups. They shared at least one band within host groups, except for the two isolates of Paxillus involutus from different hosts. The P. involutus S-403 isolated from an orchard showed much higher nitrate reductase activity than all other isolates. No apparent differences in nitrate reductase activity were found between the other isolates.

scholarly journals A study on biochemical composition of the sting gland (poison gland) and the reservoir (poison sac) of the dwarf honey bee Apis florea F. workers

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-105
Author(s):  
Neelima R. Kumar ◽  
Anita Devi
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Honey Bee ◽  
Biochemical Composition ◽  
Free Amino ◽  
Distal Part ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Venom Gland ◽  
Apis Florea ◽  
Exocrine Glands

The glands associated with the sting apparatus of worker honey bee Apis florea produce Venom which is known to be composed of a wide spectrum of biomolecules ranging from biogenic amines to peptides and proteins. The Venom apparatus showed the presence of two important associated exocrine glands i.e. Venom gland and Dufors gland. The secretions of both glands are apocrine and are released into the lumen to be stored in the venom sac. The presence of some exocrine cells in the distal part of venom sac which is otherwise known to only store the component of Venom gland led to the present study. The present study that there were considerable differences in the biochemical composition of Venom gland and Venom sac secretions of Apis species The concentration of lipids (Sting gland =1.423±0.0001 and Reservoir = 1.21±0.0067), proteins (Sting gland=0.440±0.0226, Reservoir = 0.390± 0.032), activity of acid phosphatase (Sting gland=112.09±21.100, Reservoir=22.63±1.467) and hexokinase (Sting gland=20.7±4.016, Reservoir=10.66±2.465) was found to be more in case of Venom gland while cholesterol(Sting gland=0.138±0.0161 reservoir=0.324±0.00323), glucose (Sting gland=189±1.31, Reservoir=321±7.19), free amino acids, and activity of alkaline phosphatase (Sting gland=21.03±0.195 Reservoir=22.4±0.685) was more in Venom sac. Glycogen was absent in both Venom gland and Venom sac of Apis species as confirmed by the absence of glucose-6-phosphatase activity. It is established from the present study that Venom sac also secretes various biochemicals and enzymes which are added to the total Venom.

scholarly journals Serum Levels of Glutamate-Pyruvate Transaminase, Glutamate-Oxaloacetate Transaminase and Gamma-Glutamyl Transferase in 1494 Patients with Various Genotypes for the Alpha-1 Antitrypsin Gene

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 3923
Author(s):  
José María Hernández Pérez ◽  
Ignacio Blanco ◽  
Agustín Jesús Sánchez Medina ◽  
Laura Díaz Hernández ◽  
José Antonio Pérez Pérez
Keyword(s):  
Liver Damage ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Gamma Glutamyl Transferase ◽  
Glutamate Oxaloacetate Transaminase ◽  
Glutamate Pyruvate Transaminase ◽  
Gamma Glutamyl ◽  
Glutamate Pyruvate ◽  
Alpha 1 Antitrypsin ◽  
Glutamyl Transferase ◽  
Normal Genotype

Background: Patients with liver disease associated with alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency (AATD) are homozygous for the Z mutation, leading to chronic liver damage. Objective: To assess the serum levels of glutamate-oxaloacetate transaminase (GOT), glutamate-pyruvate transaminase (GPT), and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) in patients with different genotypes for the alpha-1 antitrypsin (AAT) gene. Methods: Patients (n = 1494) underwent genotyping of the SERPINA1 gene, together with a determination of AAT and GOT and GPT and GGT transaminase levels. Patients with a deficient allele (n = 476) and with a normal genotype were compared. Results: A statistically significant association was found between deficient genotypes and GOT (p < 0.0003), GPT (p < 0.002), and GGT (p < 0.006). Comparing GOT levels in patients with PI*Z deficient variant versus those with normal genotype, an odds ratio (OR) of 2.72 (CI: 1.5–4.87) (p < 0.0005) was obtained. This finding was replicated with the PI*Z allele and the GPT values (OR = 2.31; CI: 1.45–3.67; p < 0.0003). In addition, a statistically significant association was found between liver enzymes and AAT values. Conclusion: The PI*Z allele seemed to be a risk factor for the development of liver damage. AAT deficient genotypes were associated with GOT, GPT, and GGT altered values. Low AAT levels were associated with high GPT and GGT levels.

scholarly journals EVALUATION OF ANTI-HYPERTROPHIC POTENTIAL OF CAMELLIA SINENSIS IN ISOPROTERENOL INDUCED CARDIAC HYPERTROPHY

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 119
Author(s):  
Doss V. A. ◽  
Jeevitha Parthibhan ◽  
Dharaniyambigai Kuberapandian
Keyword(s):  
Lactate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Cardiac Hypertrophy ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Marker Enzymes ◽  
Glutamate Oxaloacetate Transaminase ◽  
Glutamate Pyruvate Transaminase ◽  
Cardiac Marker ◽  
Serum Glutamate Pyruvate Transaminase ◽  
Glutamate Pyruvate ◽  
Serum Glutamate

Objective: Camellia sinensis (C. sinensis family-Theaceae) has potent antioxidant activity used in the treatment of cardiovascular disease. The present study evaluates the cardioprotective (anti-hypertrophic) effect of aqueous extract of C. sinensis in isoproterenol (ISO) induced cardiac hypertrophic rats.Methods: The beneficial effect of the green tea extract was examined by the administration of the aqueous extract of the leaves of C. sinensis (100 mg/kg b.w., oral., 7 d) in ISO (10 mg/kg b.w., subcutaneous.,7 d) induced cardiac hypertrophic rats with reference to the standard drug, losartan (50 mg/kg b.w., oral.,7 d) followed by biochemical estimations of glucose, protein, cholesterol, cardiac marker enzymes namely serum glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (SGOT), serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase (SGPT) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in serum and heart tissues thus collected at the end of 7 d.Results: The biochemical assays revealed significantly (P<0.05) increased glucose, protein, cholesterol, cardiac marker enzymes namely serum glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (SGOT), serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase (SGPT) lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and significantly (P<0.05) decreased in ISO induced cardiac hypertrophic rats that were reciprocated by the effect of plant extract.Conclusion: Thus, this study showed that the aqueous leaf extract of C. sinensis possesses potent effect against cardiac hypertrophy. This potential is hypothesized to be due to the phytochemical, Catechin present in the plant that requires further isolation and characterization with respect to anti-hypertrophic therapeutics.

Recurrent heat exposure: enzymatic responses in resting and exercising men

1977 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 308-311 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. P. Francesconi ◽  
J. T. Maher ◽  
G. D. Bynum ◽  
J. W. Mason
Keyword(s):  
Creatine Phosphokinase ◽  
Heat Exposure ◽  
Base Line ◽  
Physical Conditioning ◽  
Healthy Male ◽  
Glutamate Oxaloacetate Transaminase ◽  
Glutamate Pyruvate Transaminase ◽  
Heat Acclimatization ◽  
Total Plasma Protein ◽  
Glutamate Pyruvate

Heat acclimatization was induced in a group of healthy male test subjects by repetitive treadmill walking (5.6 km-h-1, 49 degrees/27 degrees C dry/wet bulb, 90 min-day-1, 7 days). A second group of men, paired for maximal O2 consumption and body weight, remained sedentary under identical environmental conditions. Total plasma protein increased significantly after 45 (P less than 0.05) and 90 (P less than 0.025) min of exercise on the first day of heat exposure, yet after 7 days no increments occurred. Even after heat acclimatization was achieved (day 7), plasma levels of creatine phosphokinase increased during the 90-min walk in the heat (time O vs. 90, P less than 0.025), as was also the case on day 1 (P less than 0.05). Levels of lactate dehydrogenase, glutamate-oxaloacetate transaminase, and glutamate-pyruvate transaminase were not significantly affected by exercise in the heat either before or after heat acclimatization. No correlations could be drawn between base-line enzyme levels and state of physical conditioning.

Effect of salinity on soluble protein, free amino acids and nicotine contents inNicotiana rustica L.

1987 ◽  
Vol 102 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. M. Cusido ◽  
J. Palazon ◽  
T. Altabella ◽  
C. Morales
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Soluble Protein ◽  
Free Amino Acids ◽  
Free Amino
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