Development of Dirofilaria scapiceps (Leidy, 1886) (Nematoda: Filarioidea) in lagomorphs

1984 ◽  
Vol 62 (5) ◽  
pp. 965-979 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheryl M. Bartlett
Keyword(s):  
Prepatent Period ◽  
Specific Region ◽  
The Body ◽  
Sylvilagus Floridanus ◽  
Infective Larvae ◽  
The Third ◽  
Snowshoe Hares ◽  
Subcutaneous Tissues ◽  
Domestic Rabbits ◽  
Sexually Mature

Development of Dirofilaria scapiceps (Leidy, 1886) was followed in 34 experimentally infected cottontail rabbits (Sylvilagus floridanus). Worms were recovered from all rabbits and intensity ranged from 8 to 76% of the number of infective larvae inoculated. Development to subadults occurred in subcutaneous tissues in various regions of the body; the specific region was influenced by the site of inoculation. The third and fourth moults occurred at 6 and 12 days postinoculation, respectively. Subadults migrated through the subcutaneous tissues and arrived in the ankles as early as 16 days postinoculation. Worms were sexually mature by 67 days. The prepatent period was 137–234 days and the microfilaraemia was nonperiodic. Few worms in cottontail rabbits degenerated or died and rabbits with 1-year-old infections could be reinfected. Dirofilaria scapiceps was recovered from 12 of 14 experimentally inoculated snowshoe hares (Lepus americanus) and 2 of 4 New Zealand white domestic rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus). Intensity in snowshoe hares and domestic rabbits ranged from 0.4 to 15% and 6 to 7%, respectively, of the number of infective larvae inoculated. Many worms in these hosts degenerated or died.

Observations on the life history of the cat Lungworm. Aelurostrongylus abstrusus (Railliet, 1898) (Nematoda: Metastrongylidae)

1957 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 188 ◽  
Author(s):  
MJ Mackerras
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Lung Tissue ◽  
Prepatent Period ◽  
The Body ◽  
Characteristic Pattern ◽  
Aelurostrongylus Abstrusus ◽  
The Third ◽  
Third Stage ◽  
History Of

First-stage larvae of Aelurostrongylus abstrusus (Railliet) developed readily in the garden slug, Agriolimax laevis (Muller), two moults occurring in this host. When infected slugs were eaten by a cat, the third-stage larvae migrated at once to the lungs, where they underwent the third and fourth moults. The prepatent period in the cat was about 39 days. When infected slugs were fed to laboratory-bred mice, the third-stage larvae were not digested, but congregated in great numbers in the gastro-splenic ligament, forming minute yellowish cysts. They were also recovered in small numbers from other parts of the body. Third-stage larvae survived unchanged in mice for 12 weeks, and probably would survive for longer periods. Mice were regarded as important auxillary hosts. The minute adult worms were found in the bronchioles of the cat. They were always very difficult to locate. The eggs were laid in the alveoli, forming a characteristic pattern of small, solid nodules scattered throughout the lung tissue.

Development of Turgida turgida (Rudolphi, 1819) (Nematoda: Physalopteroidea) in the opossum (Didelphis virginiana)

1982 ◽  
Vol 60 (6) ◽  
pp. 1265-1274 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. B. Gray ◽  
R. C. Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Life Span ◽  
Adult Stage ◽  
Procyon Lotor ◽  
Prepatent Period ◽  
Felis Catus ◽  
Didelphis Virginiana ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Marmota Monax ◽  
Infective Larvae ◽  
The Third

Opossums given infective larvae of Turgida turgida were examined at various times after infection. Fifteen days after inoculation 13% of larvae recovered were undergoing the third moult. Thirty-five days after infection 20% of larvae found were moulting to the adult stage. The prepatent period was 89–105 days and the life span of worms was at least 360 days. The percentage of the inoculum recovered decreased with time. Also, development was asynchronous; i.e., third-, fourth-, and fifth-stage worms were found in individual opossums examined 40 and 160 days after infection. Second- and moulting second-stage larvae were not infective to opossums. Infections were successfully challenged. Attempts to infect cats (Felis catus), raccoons (Procyon lotor), and woodchucks (Marmota monax) were unsuccessful.

THE SYSTEMATICS AND TRANSMISSION OF NEW AND PREVIOUSLY DESCRIBED METASTRONGYLES (NEMATODA : METASTRONGYLIDAE) FROM MUSTELA VISON

1962 ◽  
Vol 40 (5) ◽  
pp. 893-920 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roy C. Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Salivary Gland ◽  
Body Wall ◽  
Prepatent Period ◽  
The Body ◽  
Albumen Gland ◽  
Terrestrial Gastropods ◽  
Larval Stages ◽  
Infective Larvae ◽  
Buccal Mass ◽  
Anguispira Alternata

Crenosoma hermani n. sp., Aelurostrongylus pridhami n. sp., and Filaroides martis from mink are described. A. pridhami developed in the terrestrial gastropods Zonitoides arboreus, Discus cronkhitei, Deroceras gracile, Succinea ovalis, and Anguispira alternata and the aquatic snails Physa integra, Gyraulus deflexus, Armiger crista, and Ampullaria cuprina. F. martis developed in P. integra and G. deflexus as well as in the foregoing terrestrial gastropods. Larvae of A. pridhami and F. martis infected gastropods by penetrating the foot but those ingested penetrated the gut wall and developed successfully. Besides the foot, larvae developed on, or within, the body wall, in the mantle, on the gut, on the surface of the liver, in the buccal mass, salivary gland, and rarely in the albumen gland of molluscs. At 22–23 °C the first molt occurred on the 5th to 6th day, the second on the 13th; the three larval stages are described. The prepatent period of A. pridhami was 21–28 days, F. martis 41–53 days. Mink invariably vomited when fed infective larvae of A. pridhami but not when fed F. martis. Infective larvae of A. pridhami became encapsulated in the liver of mice, small birds, and frogs but on the intestines and mesenteries of goldfish. F. martis larvae became encapsulated in the liver of mice. There is a sigmoidal relationship between temperature and activity of first-stage larvae of A. pridhami. Young D. gracile fed and became infected with A. pridhami and F. martis at temperatures as low as 5 °C. Desiccation killed larvae in a few minutes and they survived freezing temperatures for only 4 to 5 days.

The Concept of treaty in Islamic Jurisprudence: A comparative view of the classical jurists

2010 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 55
Author(s):  
Labeeb Bsoul
Keyword(s):  
International Law ◽  
The Body ◽  
Mutual Understanding ◽  
Contemporary World ◽  
The Third ◽  
Islamic Jurisprudence ◽  
Shed Light

This article aims to shed light on a particular area in the field of Islamic International law (siyar) treaty in Islamic jurisprudence. It addresses a comparative view of classical jurists of treaties both theoretically and historically and highlights their continued relevance to the contemporary world. Since the concept of treaty a lacuna in scholarship as well as the familiar of international legal theorists to study and integrate the Islamic treaty system into the body of modern international law in order to have a mutual understanding and respect and honor for treaties among nations. I would like to present a series of three parts the first one addresses the concept of treaty in Islamic jurisprudence the second addresses the process of drafting treaties and their conclusion and the third addresses selected treaties, including the treaty of H{udaybiya that took place between Muslims and non-Muslims..

Presentation

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Redacción CEIICH
Keyword(s):  
Cultural History ◽  
Social Reality ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Body ◽  
Literary Studies ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Social ◽  
Feminist Theories ◽  
History Of

<p class="p1">The third number of <span class="s1"><strong>INTER</strong></span><span class="s2"><strong>disciplina </strong></span>underscores this generic reference of <em>Bodies </em>as an approach to a key issue in the understanding of social reality from a humanistic perspective, and to understand, from the social point of view, the contributions of the research in philosophy of the body, cultural history of the anatomy, as well as the approximations queer, feminist theories and the psychoanalytical, and literary studies.</p>

Anthropology and the Critique of Metaphysics in the Early Herder

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marion Heinz
Keyword(s):  
The Body ◽  
The Third ◽  
The World

The chapter presents a synthetic account of the young Herder’s metaphysics and epistemology, based on several short pieces from the 1760s, with the intention of bringing into relief their strikingly systematic and coherent nature. The objective is to give the reader a greater sense of the philosophical depth of Herder’s anthropology. The first section examines God’s relationship to the world he creates. The second turns to the analogous relationship, based on interaction, between the soul and the body it builds for itself. And in the third, we bring this all together in order to understand how the embodied soul, through engagement with the world, obtains knowledge, and acquires its identity as a historical-cultural being.

Introduction

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nora Goldschmidt ◽  
Barbara Graziosi
Keyword(s):  
Material Culture ◽  
The Body ◽  
Specific Site ◽  
Entire Volume ◽  
The Third ◽  
Religious Significance ◽  
Classical Poetry ◽  
Life Of The Mind ◽  
The Mind ◽  
Made In

The Introduction sheds light on the reception of classical poetry by focusing on the materiality of the poets’ bodies and their tombs. It outlines four sets of issues, or commonplaces, that govern the organization of the entire volume. The first concerns the opposition between literature and material culture, the life of the mind vs the apprehensions of the body—which fails to acknowledge that poetry emerges from and is attended to by the mortal body. The second concerns the religious significance of the tomb and its location in a mythical landscape which is shaped, in part, by poetry. The third investigates the literary graveyard as a place where poets’ bodies and poetic corpora are collected. Finally, the alleged ‘tomb of Virgil’ provides a specific site where the major claims made in this volume can be most easily be tested.

GA: Armani’s Giorgio Armani

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Brooker ◽  
Margaret Hayward
Keyword(s):  
Final Section ◽  
The Body ◽  
Body Shop ◽  
The Third ◽  
Haute Couture ◽  
Fashion Designer ◽  
The Body Shop ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Career Woman

The Armani high-fashion example illustrates the importance of adaptive rational methods in his founding and developing of an iconic high-fashion firm. Armani adapted stylistically to fashion’s new times in the 1970–80s by creating a new style catering for the career woman. His stylistic adaptation is compared with that of another famous Italian fashion designer, Versace, who instead modernized haute couture fashion and created a succession of glamourous styles. Both leaders exploited the same opportunity but in different ways. The third section compares these leaders’ legacies in the 1990s–2000s and assesses from a long-term perspective how capably they had used adaptive rational methods. The final section shifts the focus from fashion to the cosmetics industry and from Italy to the UK. Anita Roddick used adaptive rational methods to establish The Body Shop corporation in the 1970s–80s. However, she then abandoned rational methods with dire results for her corporation in the 1990s.

scholarly journals The Analysis of Nutritional Habits of the Third Age Students in Poznań

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-29
Author(s):  
Magdalena Pracka ◽  
Marcin Dziedziński ◽  
Przemysław Łukasz Kowalczewski
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
The Body ◽  
Nutritional Habits ◽  
Third Age ◽  
Waist To Hip Ratio ◽  
The Third

AbstractIn recent years have seen increasing percentage of the elderly in the overall population. This has driven the attention to the lifestyle factors that influence the health and quality of life of this social group, including their nutrition and physical activity. Universities of the Third Age (U3A) are a valuable platform for the dissemination and broadening of the knowledge related to these topics. The nutritional habits of 61 U3A students in Poznań were evaluated on the basis of a modified KomPAN questionnaire. Their nutritional status was determined using the body mass index (BMI) and waist to hip ratio (WHR) indices. Nearly half of the respondents were overweight and 16% had first degree obesity. The WHR index in women was on average 0.8, while in men it was 1.01. Only 13% of the students declared regular eating, with 60% consuming 4-5 meals a day. Women were found to eat snacks between meals more often than men. It was also found that the majority of the elderly do not add salt to ready meals or sweeten beverages with sugars. Taking into account the observed nutritional problems and the occurrence of improper eating habits of the elderly, it is recommended to continue the education on the prevention of common diet-related diseased.

scholarly journals Insulin’s Discovery: New Insights on Its Hundredth Birthday: From Insulin Action and Clearance to Sweet Networks

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 1030
Author(s):  
Melanie Leroux ◽  
Martial Boutchueng-Djidjou ◽  
Robert Faure
Keyword(s):  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Cell Surface ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Insulin Action ◽  
100Th Anniversary ◽  
The Body ◽  
Nobel Lecture ◽  
Surface Receptors ◽  
The Third

In 2021, the 100th anniversary of the isolation of insulin and the rescue of a child with type 1 diabetes from death will be marked. In this review, we highlight advances since the ingenious work of the four discoverers, Frederick Grant Banting, John James Rickard Macleod, James Bertram Collip and Charles Herbert Best. Macleoad closed his Nobel Lecture speech by raising the question of the mechanism of insulin action in the body. This challenge attracted many investigators, and the question remained unanswered until the third part of the 20th century. We summarize what has been learned, from the discovery of cell surface receptors, insulin action, and clearance, to network and precision medicine.

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