Weights of Ontario spruce grouse by sex, age, and breeding success

1984 ◽  
Vol 62 (5) ◽  
pp. 788-792 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. J. Szuba ◽  
J. F. Bendell
Keyword(s):  
North American ◽  
Breeding Success ◽  
General Trend ◽  
Reproductive Period ◽  
Poor Condition ◽  
Highest Weight ◽  
Adult Females

Weights of spruce grouse (Canachites canadensis) captured or shot in northeastern Ontario, mainly during the spring and summer of 1979–1982, are described and related to sex, age, with or without brood, and weights from other North American populations. Spruce grouse from Ontario are among the lightest in weight, but follow the general trend of lowest weight in spring and summer to highest weight in winter. During spring and summer, females lost proportionately more weight than males, suggesting that the reproductive period was more stressful for females. Males weighed least in May and June, and adults weighed more than yearlings. Adult females weighed more than yearlings in May. Females were lightest in June and July when females with chicks weighed less than those without. Adults gained weight earlier after their chicks hatched than yearlings, and more adults had broods. Among broodless hens, yearlings lost weight, but weights of adults were relatively stable. From a variety of comparisons, some yearling hens were at times in poor condition relative to adults.

Time-Budgets of Camargue Horses Ii. Time-Budgets of Adult Horses and Weaned Sub-Adults

Behaviour ◽  
1980 ◽  
Vol 72 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 26-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick Duncan
Keyword(s):  
Social Structure ◽  
Social System ◽  
General Trend ◽  
Small Population ◽  
Time Budgets ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Adult Females ◽  
Young Horses

AbstractTime-budgets of adult and weaned sub-adult horses were studied in a small population of Camargue horses living in semi-liberty. The categories of activities used were: Standing resting, Lying flat, Lying up, Standing alert, Walking, Trotting, Galloping, Rolling and Foraging. The main differences in time-budgets were related to age and to sex : young horses spent more time lying (sleeping), males spent more time standing alert and in rapid movements (trot, gallop), while usually foraging less than did the adult females. During the three years of the study the population increased from 20 to 54 horses and there were considerable changes in social structure as the number of adult males increased. Associated with these developments there were some changes between years in the time-budgets: the most striking of which was a general trend for all horses to spend less time lying. Nonetheless the time-budgets showed a considerable constancy across years and age/sex-classes, especially with regard to time spent foraging. This conclusion may provide a clue as to why horses have an unusual social system based on long term relationships between a male and the females of his harem.

Evaluation of management in North American zoos to enhance breeding success of the fishing cat ( Prionailurus viverrinus ) ex situ population

Zoo Biology ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 189-199
Author(s):  
Jilian M. Fazio ◽  
Elizabeth W. Freeman ◽  
Erika Bauer ◽  
Larry Rockwood ◽  
Edward C. M. Parsons
Keyword(s):  
North American ◽  
Breeding Success ◽  
Ex Situ

Phase morphs and phoresy: New species of Antennoseius (Vitzthumia) mites (Acari: Mesostigmata: Ascidae) associated with pyrophilous carabids (Carabidae: Sericoda spp.) in Alberta, Canada

Zootaxa ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 1961 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
FRÉDÉRIC BEAULIEU ◽  
ANDREA D. DÉCHÊNE ◽  
DAVID E. WALTER
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
North American ◽  
North American Species ◽  
Carabid Beetles ◽  
Free Living ◽  
Adult Females ◽  
As Species ◽  
Laboratory Cultures ◽  
Living Species ◽  
Mite Genus

The mite genus Antennoseius is composed of free-living species in soil and litter, as well as species that are phoretic on carabid beetles as adult females. Among approximately 60 described Antennoseius species, one North American species, A. janus, was found in laboratory cultures to have two female morphs: one granular, free-living morph, and one smooth, putatively phoretic morph. We here describe the adult females of A. perseus n. sp. and A. pyrophilus n. sp. collected from under the elytra of carabid beetles (Sericoda quadripunctata and S. bembidioides) associated with recently burned forests in Alberta, Canada. We also describe the female and male of a distinct, granular, non-phoretic morph of A. perseus, obtained from soil and by rearing the offspring of phoretic females. A key to the females of Antennoseius species having an ambulacrum on leg I (i.e. subgenus Vitzthumia) is provided.

scholarly journals Late Summer and Fall Nesting in the Acorn Woodpecker and Other North American Terrestrial Birds

The Condor ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 109 (2) ◽  
pp. 334-350
Author(s):  
Walter D. Koenig ◽  
Justyn T. Stahl
Keyword(s):  
Global Warming ◽  
North American ◽  
Breeding Success ◽  
Population Studies ◽  
Late Summer ◽  
Substantial Fraction ◽  
Melanerpes Formicivorus ◽  
Summer Temperatures ◽  
Total Productivity ◽  
Acorn Woodpeckers

Abstract Acorn Woodpeckers (Melanerpes formicivorus) at Hastings Reservation in central coastal California exhibit a bimodal peak in annual breeding activity. One peak occurs in spring during which the majority of breeding takes place, while a second is centered in late August as the new acorn crop matures. These latter nests are mostly initiated in late summer but often do not fledge until at least late September and are thus referred to here as ‘fall’ nests. Fall nests occur in about one-third of all years, taking place when the acorn crop is large and summer temperatures are relatively high. Fledglings from fall nests constitute 4.3% of the population's total productivity and survive and recruit to the population at levels comparable to spring fledglings. Fall nesting is less likely in groups in which either the male or female breeding adults have undergone a change from the prior year, but groups are otherwise indistinguishable. Ecologically, fall nesting is closely tied to the acorn crop and thus to breeding success in the following, rather than the prior, spring. Among North American terrestrial birds in general, fall breeding has been reported in 16% of all species and is significantly more common among residents and colonially nesting species, in which the frequency exceeds 25%. Furthermore, fall nesting is likely to have been underreported in the literature. Thus, this phenomenon is at least an irregular part of the breeding biology of a substantial fraction of North American birds and should be considered a possibility in population studies of temperate-zone species. This is especially true given that fall nesting is likely to increase as global warming takes place.

scholarly journals Mobilization of energetic substrates in the endangered catfish Steindachneridion parahybae (Siluriformes: Pimelodidae): changes in annual reproductive cycle in captivity

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos E. Tolussi ◽  
Aline D. Gomes ◽  
Cristiéle da S. Ribeiro ◽  
Danilo Caneppele ◽  
Renata G. Moreira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Cycle ◽  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Gonadosomatic Index ◽  
Reproductive Period ◽  
Annual Reproductive Cycle ◽  
Plasma Triglycerides ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Adult Females ◽  
In Captivity ◽  
Continuous Feeding

ABSTRACT This study aimed at analyzing the energetic substrate (ES) in the main storage tissues of Steindachneridion parahybae, throughout the reproductive cycle in captivity. Differently from wild, in captivity, feeding is not interrupted during the reproductive period, the females do not spawn spontaneously, and they are sedentary. Adult females were sampled monthly and based on their histology and gonadosomatic index (GSI), ovaries were classified into: previtellogenic (PRV), vitellogenic (VTG), and regression (REG) stages. Ovaries at the VTG stage showed higher protein and lipids levels than at the PRV stage with a positive correlation between these substrates and the GSI. Muscle was the main source of proteins transferred to the ovaries, according to the negative correlation between these organs. Lipids remained unchanged in the liver, which is an important supplier in vitellogenesis, a pattern that probably occurs due to the continuous feeding. Muscular glycogen levels were higher at the VTG and REG than at the PRV stages. Plasma triglycerides were also higher during REG, while glucose levels were more elevated during the VTG stage. These results suggest that with constant food supply, the pattern of deposition of ES in S. parahybae is different from that described for other wild potamodromous species.

ON THE SYNONYMY OF NORTH AMERICAN NOCTUIDÆ

1880 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 184-188
Author(s):  
A. R. Grote
Keyword(s):  
North American ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Poor Condition ◽  
Good Order

I have recently been favored by Mr. Tepper and Mr. Graef with the sight of some of Mr. Morrison's types of Noctuidæ. A few of the specimens are in poor condition, too poor, I think, to have allowed them to serve as types. Others are in good order, and those I have here noted are quite easily recognizable. It will be thought extraordinary, from the determinations, that Mr. Morrison should have allowed himself to criticize any one for overlooking structural features in this group, or for re-describing species.

scholarly journals First Report of Ixodes scapularis Ticks Parasitizing a North American Porcupine in Canada

Parasitologia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 45-49
Author(s):  
John D. Scott
Keyword(s):  
North American ◽  
Tick Species ◽  
Ixodes Scapularis ◽  
Host Record ◽  
Erethizon Dorsatum ◽  
Blacklegged Tick ◽  
The North ◽  
Adult Females ◽  
Vertebrate Hosts ◽  
Established Population

Adult females of the blacklegged tick, Ixodes scapularis (Acari: Ixodidae), were collected from a North American porcupine, Erethizon dorsatum, in eastern Ontario, Canada. This porcupine parasitism indicates that an established population of I. scapularis is present in the local vicinity. This tick species is known to parasitize more than 150 different vertebrate hosts, including the North American porcupine. The presence of I. scapularis ticks parasitizing a North American porcupine constitutes a new tick-host record in Canada.

scholarly journals Subnicho etario y aspectos de la biología reproductiva de Parachondria neglectus (Littorinimorpha: Annulariidae) en Manzanillo, Cuba

2018 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra Sariego Frómeta ◽  
Orlando Ramón Sariego Tamayo ◽  
Jorge Erick Marin Morán ◽  
Luiz Ricardo Lopes de Simone
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Dimorphism ◽  
Reproductive Biology ◽  
High Temperatures ◽  
Morphological Characteristic ◽  
Temporal Dynamics ◽  
Reproductive Period ◽  
Adult Females ◽  
Circular Spot ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Recruitment Period

In the present research, the temporal dynamics of age-related subniche and some aspects of the reproductive biology of a Parachondria neglectus population, located in Manzanillo-Granma-Cuba, were characterized. Thirty expeditions were performed from December 2013 to February 2015. The comparisons between the length (t = 8.05, P = 0.007) and biggest diameter (t = 6.24, P = 0.0001) of the shells of truncated juveniles and the shells of full juveniles showed significant statistical differences, indicating that both groups represent two kinds of different ages. The comparison between the biggest diameter of the shells of truncated adults and the shells of full adults (t = 1.50, P = 0.16) showed that both groups represent the same kind of age in the population. The existence of significant statistical differences between the length (t = 19.45, P = 0.0003) and the biggest diameter (t = 13.19, P = 0.006) of the females’ shells and the males’ shells verify the sexual dimorphism in the species, proving to be the females of bigger dimensions in relation to the males. The whitish circular spot in the shells is a valid external morphological characteristic to differentiate the adult females already mated in previous occasions from the rest of the members of the population. The reproductive period was from July to December 2014. Copulations were observed from July to October 2014 and they were associated to conditions of abundant precipitations and high temperatures of summer. The recruitment period took place from September to December 2014.

Additional comments on the types and nomina of several North American ratsnakes (Pantherophis obsoletus complex, Colubridae, Serpentes)

Bionomina ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
R. ALEXANDER PYRON ◽  
STEVE GOTTE ◽  
FRANK T. BURBRINK
Keyword(s):  
North American ◽  
Poor Condition ◽  
Catalog Number ◽  
Senior Synonym ◽  
Obsoletus Complex ◽  
Subjective Synonym

Here, we provide updates to our recent paper reviewing the taxonomy and nomenclature of the Eastern ratsnakes (Pantherophis obsoletus complex, Colubridae, Serpentes). Specifically, we clarify that Coluber alleghaniensis Holbrook, 1836 is a subjective, rather than objective, senior synonym of Elaphis holbrookii Duméril, Bibron & Duméril, 1854. Contrary to our statement that USNM 1733–4 were syntypes of Scotophis lindheimerii Baird & Girard, 1853, the former is the holotype and the latter is the paratype. The holotype is lost and the paratype is in poor condition, but no neotype designation is warranted at present. We note that USNM 248870, which we designated as the lectotype of Coluber obsoletus lemniscatus Cope, 1888, was originally cataloged as USNM 4710. This catalog number was shared with the type of the salamander Amblystoma tenebrosum Baird & Girard, 1852, and the snake was re-cataloged as USNM 248870 in 1985. Finally, we originally treated C. reticulatus La Cépède, 1789 and C. reticularis Daudin, 1803 as senior subjective synonyms of C. corais Boie, 1827, but here corroborate recent authors in designating it a senior subjective synonym of C. obsoletus Say in James, 1823. As the Commission suppressed C. reticulatus La Cépède, 1789 (an exoplonym), this subsequently rendered C. reticularis Daudin, 1803 (an exoploneonym) unavailable as well.

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