Molt, T4, and testosterone in adult male and female bar-headed geese, Anser indicus

1983 ◽  
Vol 61 (12) ◽  
pp. 2695-2697 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Philip Dittami ◽  
Michael Robert Hall
Keyword(s):  
Adult Male ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Anser Indicus ◽  
Circulating Levels

In order to examine the role of gonadal–thyroid interactions in controlling the molt, the ratio of circulating levels of testosterone and thyroxine were examined before and during the molt. The results in males fit the hypothesis that an imbalance between the two functions produce molt but the results from females do not.

scholarly journals Sexual dimorphic role of the glucocorticoid receptor in chronic muscle pain produced by early-life stress

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 174480692110113
Author(s):  
Paul G Green ◽  
Pedro Alvarez ◽  
Jon D Levine
Keyword(s):  
Glucocorticoid Receptor ◽  
Adult Male ◽  
Life Stress ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Glucocorticoid Receptors ◽  
Early Life Stress ◽  
Nociceptive Threshold ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Mechanical Nociceptive Threshold

Fibromyalgia and other chronic musculoskeletal pain syndromes are associated with stressful early life events, which can produce a persistent dysregulation in the hypothalamic-pituitary adrenal (HPA) stress axis function, associated with elevated plasm levels of corticosterone in adults. To determine the contribution of the HPA axis to persistent muscle hyperalgesia in adult rats that had experienced neonatal limited bedding (NLB), a form of early-life stress, we evaluated the role of glucocorticoid receptors on muscle nociceptors in adult NLB rats. In adult male and female NLB rats, mechanical nociceptive threshold in skeletal muscle was significantly lower than in adult control (neonatal standard bedding) rats. Furthermore, adult males and females that received exogenous corticosterone (via dams’ milk) during postnatal days 2–9, displayed a similar lowered mechanical nociceptive threshold. To test the hypothesis that persistent glucocorticoid receptor signaling in the adult contributes to muscle hyperalgesia in NLB rats, nociceptor expression of glucocorticoid receptor (GR) was attenuated by spinal intrathecal administration of an oligodeoxynucleotide (ODN) antisense to GR mRNA. In adult NLB rats, GR antisense markedly attenuated muscle hyperalgesia in males, but not in females. These findings indicate that increased corticosterone levels during a critical developmental period (postnatal days 2–9) produced by NLB stress induces chronic mechanical hyperalgesia in male and female rats that persists in adulthood, and that this chronic muscle hyperalgesia is mediated, at least in part, by persistent stimulation of glucocorticoid receptors on sensory neurons, in the adult male, but not female rat.

scholarly journals Den Site Activity Patterns of Adult Male and Female Swift Foxes, Vulpes velox, in Northwestern Texas

2003 ◽  
Vol 117 (3) ◽  
pp. 424 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick R. Lemons ◽  
Warren B. Ballard ◽  
Robert M. Sullivan ◽  
Marsha A. Sovada
Keyword(s):  
Parental Care ◽  
Adult Male ◽  
Canis Latrans ◽  
Activity Patterns ◽  
Male Parent ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Vulpes Velox ◽  
Swift Fox ◽  
Determine Role

Activity of Swift Foxes (Vulpes velox) at den sites was studied in northwestern Texas during pup rearing seasons in 2000 and 2001 to determine role of males in parental care. Twenty-four percent of radio-collared females with a potential to breed successfully raised pups to eight weeks of age. We intensively monitored presence and absence of male and female Swift Foxes at two den sites each year. Females were present >2.6 times more at den sites than males during the pup rearing season. Female and male Swift Foxes largely stayed at dens during diurnal hours and were active away from dens during nocturnal and crepuscular hours. Females and males spent 12.4% and 3.0% more time at dens before pups emerged, than after pups emerged, respectively. Following depredation of one male parent, the female spent 29% less time at the den site. Decrease in time spent at the den by the female following loss of her mate suggested that loss of one parent might severely impact recruitment of Swift Foxes. Our observations indicated that intense Coyote (Canis latrans) depredation may severely impact pup-rearing success as well as the parental care within Swift Fox family groups.

A Factor Analysis of Seasonal, Behavioral, Hormonal and Body Weight Changes in Adult Male Barheaded Geese, Anser Indicus

Behaviour ◽  
1984 ◽  
Vol 90 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 114-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
John P. Dittami ◽  
Heinz-Ullrich Reyer
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Adult Male ◽  
Analysis Data ◽  
Weight Changes ◽  
Body Weight Changes ◽  
Body Weights ◽  
Seasonal Basis ◽  
Anser Indicus ◽  
Circulating Levels

AbstractIndividual measurements of courting, aggression, pairbond displays, body weights and the circulating levels of testosterone, LH, T4 and prolactin in male barheaded geese were subjected to a factoral analysis. Data from the whole year were analysed and then broken up into pre-breeding and post-breeding components and re-analysed. Some parameters remained clumped in the same factors throughout like aggression and pair-bond displays, LH and testosterone, and prolactin and body weight. Others, especially behavioral and endocrinological parameters were only linked on either an annual or seasonal basis.

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