Role of Ego Involvement in Causal Attributions by Male and Female Athletes

1999 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lee Doherty
Keyword(s):  
Causal Attributions ◽  
Female Athletes ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Ego Involvement

The Effects of Receiving a College Letter on the Sport Identity

1993 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy Jon Curry
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Female Athletes ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
The Social ◽  
Sport Identity ◽  
Different Levels

This study examines the effects of winning a college letter on the sport identity of athletes participating at different levels of competition. The sample consisted of 276 male and 229 female athletes drawn from similar teams from three colleges in Ohio. The colleges were affiliated with the NCAA Divisions I and III and the NAIA. It was hypothesized that winning a letter would strengthen the sport identity, and that athletes participating at the higher level of competition would have the greater sport identity. Results confirmed both hypotheses. In addition, the sport identities of male and female athletes were compared. Importantly, no significant gender differences were found in the rating of sport importance, hours spent in sport, and the social relations obtained through sport. Men, however, showed greater competitive motivation and women greater identification with the role of athlete.

Effects of Initial Performance as Moderated by Causal Attributions and Sex

1976 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 791-794
Author(s):  
Robert L. Dipboye
Keyword(s):  
Attribution Theory ◽  
Causal Attributions ◽  
The Other ◽  
High Ability ◽  
Anagram Task ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Low Degree ◽  
Ego Involvement ◽  
Female Subjects

Male and female subjects ( n = 72) experienced a high, moderate or low degree of initial success on an anagram task with half believing that only effort was required for success and the other half that only high ability was necessary. The findings suggest that manipulations of causal attributions used to test Weiner's attribution theory may be confounded with ego-involvement.

scholarly journals Sexual dimorphic role of the glucocorticoid receptor in chronic muscle pain produced by early-life stress

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 174480692110113
Author(s):  
Paul G Green ◽  
Pedro Alvarez ◽  
Jon D Levine
Keyword(s):  
Glucocorticoid Receptor ◽  
Adult Male ◽  
Life Stress ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Glucocorticoid Receptors ◽  
Early Life Stress ◽  
Nociceptive Threshold ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Mechanical Nociceptive Threshold

Fibromyalgia and other chronic musculoskeletal pain syndromes are associated with stressful early life events, which can produce a persistent dysregulation in the hypothalamic-pituitary adrenal (HPA) stress axis function, associated with elevated plasm levels of corticosterone in adults. To determine the contribution of the HPA axis to persistent muscle hyperalgesia in adult rats that had experienced neonatal limited bedding (NLB), a form of early-life stress, we evaluated the role of glucocorticoid receptors on muscle nociceptors in adult NLB rats. In adult male and female NLB rats, mechanical nociceptive threshold in skeletal muscle was significantly lower than in adult control (neonatal standard bedding) rats. Furthermore, adult males and females that received exogenous corticosterone (via dams’ milk) during postnatal days 2–9, displayed a similar lowered mechanical nociceptive threshold. To test the hypothesis that persistent glucocorticoid receptor signaling in the adult contributes to muscle hyperalgesia in NLB rats, nociceptor expression of glucocorticoid receptor (GR) was attenuated by spinal intrathecal administration of an oligodeoxynucleotide (ODN) antisense to GR mRNA. In adult NLB rats, GR antisense markedly attenuated muscle hyperalgesia in males, but not in females. These findings indicate that increased corticosterone levels during a critical developmental period (postnatal days 2–9) produced by NLB stress induces chronic mechanical hyperalgesia in male and female rats that persists in adulthood, and that this chronic muscle hyperalgesia is mediated, at least in part, by persistent stimulation of glucocorticoid receptors on sensory neurons, in the adult male, but not female rat.

Who Are the Stalking Victims? Exploring the Victimization Experiences and Psychosocial Characteristics of Young Male and Female Adults in Hong Kong

2019 ◽  
pp. 088626051988993 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heng Choon (Oliver) Chan ◽  
Lorraine Sheridan
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Young Male ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Psychosocial Characteristics ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Lifetime Prevalence Rate ◽  
Victimization Experience ◽  
Stalking Victims ◽  
Stalking Victimization

Most stalking studies are conducted in the West. Limited information is available on victims of stalking from the Asian continent. This study specifically explored the victimization experiences of young male and female adults in Hong Kong. Using a large sample of university students ( N = 2,496) aged between 18 and 40 years, the gender distribution of stalking incident characteristics was examined, along with prevalence of various stalking behaviors, and victim–offender relationships by types of stalking behaviors. The differential role of demographic and psychosocial characteristics in stalking victimization experience was also explored. The lifetime prevalence rate of stalking victimization was 8.2%, with a higher estimate in females than males (11.6% vs. 3.8%). The sample analyzed in this study was 196 stalking victims. Although surveillance-oriented behaviors were most frequently reported by both males and females, significant gender differences in types of stalking behaviors were noted. Multivariate analyses indicated that increases in age and levels of self-esteem were correlated with an increased probability of experiencing stalking victimization, while being a male and higher levels of life satisfaction were related to a lower likelihood of falling prey to stalking victimization. This study concludes with a call for anti-stalking legislation in Hong Kong given the devastating nature and consequences of stalking victimization.

scholarly journals Long-Term Incidence of Atrial Fibrillation and Stroke Among Cross-Country Skiers: Cohort Study of Endurance-Trained Male and Female Athletes

Circulation ◽  
2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Niclas Svedberg ◽  
Johan Sundström ◽  
Stefan James ◽  
Ulf Hållmarker ◽  
Kristina Hambraeus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Female Athletes ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Cross Country

Role of Mu and Delta Opioid Receptors and their Ligands, Î'-Endorphin and Pre-Pro-Enkephalin, in Stress-Induced Visceral Analgesia in Male and Female Mice

2017 ◽  
Vol 152 (5) ◽  
pp. S212
Author(s):  
Muriel H. Larauche ◽  
Nabila Moussaoui ◽  
Mandy Biraud ◽  
Won Ki Bae ◽  
Wendy Walwyn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Opioid Receptors ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Female Mice ◽  
Delta Opioid Receptors
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