Production of the amphipod Hyalella azteca (Saussure) in a northern Ontario lake

1983 ◽  
Vol 61 (9) ◽  
pp. 2051-2059 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dorothy H. Lindeman ◽  
Walter T. Momot
Keyword(s):  
Littoral Zone ◽  
Lake Ontario ◽  
Hyalella Azteca ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Annual Production ◽  
Frequency Method ◽  
Northern Ontario ◽  
Habitat Temperature ◽  
Size Frequency ◽  
Annual Biomass

Annual production of the amphipod, Hyalella azteca, was estimated in three habitats of the upper littoral zone of Dock Lake, Ontario, over a 2-year period (1980–1981). Cohort production (P) by the size frequency method was 1.39 g/m2 (dry weight), mean annual biomass (B) was 0.36 g/m2, and the P/B ratio was 3.9 for the 1980 year class. Five other methods for estimating production were applied to this cohort, providing comparable estimates ranging from 1.21 (instantaneous growth) to 1.65 (cohort G) g/m2. Size frequency estimates of annual production for 1980 and 1981 were 1.24 and 1.40 g/m2, respectively. The annual P/[Formula: see text] ratios of 3.9 and 4.0 for these 2 years agree with the cohort value. A comparison of production estimates for Hyalella azteca in the literature shows a gradient of production which correlates with the habitat temperature regime.

Estimates of annual production for some aquatic insects from the La Trobe River, Victoria

1986 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 113 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Marchant
Keyword(s):  
Aquatic Insects ◽  
Temperate Zone ◽  
Annual Production ◽  
Frequency Method ◽  
Habitat Temperature ◽  
Size Frequency ◽  
Total Annual Production ◽  
Annual Turnover

Annual production was estimated by the size-frequency method for Ephemeroptera (Tasmanocoenis tonnoiri, two species of Baetis, Atalonella spp., Atulophlebioides sp.), Plecoptera (Leptoperla spp.) and Trichoptera (Ecnomus sp.) at four sites on the lowland section of the La Trobe River. Annual production (P) of individual ephemeropteran species (or genera) varied from 0.02 to 0.7 g m-2 while total annual production of this order at two sites was 0.7-1 . 5 g m-. Annual production of Leptoperla spp. was 0.03 g m-2 at one site while Ecnomus sp, averaged 2 g m-2 at two sites. Estimates of annual production were subject to an error of at least t 50%. Annual turnover ratios (P/B; B is mean biomass) varied from 9 to 19 and were three to four times higher than published values for similar-sized macroinvertebrates in the temperate zone (generally < 15°C mean annual habitat temperature). This probably resulted from the higher average temperatures (17-18°C) at most sites.

Life history and production of Ephoron album (Say) (Ephemeroptera: Polymitarcidae) in the Valley River, Manitoba

1985 ◽  
Vol 63 (7) ◽  
pp. 1668-1674 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. J. Giberson ◽  
T. D. Galloway
Keyword(s):  
Dry Weight ◽  
Exposure Period ◽  
Summation Method ◽  
Instantaneous Growth Rate ◽  
Frequency Method ◽  
Instantaneous Growth ◽  
Size Frequency ◽  
Curve Method ◽  
Rate Method ◽  
Valley River

Ephoron album was the dominant summer mayfly in shallow riffles in the agricultural zone of the Valley River, Manitoba, in 1982 and 1983. There was one generation per year; eggs deposited in August hatched in late May of the following year and nymphs developed rapidly during the summer months. The eggs required a cold period to promote hatching and hatching success of eggs treated in the laboratory at −2 °C for varying periods of time was positively correlated to the length of the exposure period. No eggs hatched following exposure to 4 or 10 °C. Production for 1982 was estimated by four methods for the production interval of only 72 days: the instantaneous growth rate method (1.32 ± 0.44 g fresh dry weight∙m−2∙year−1), the Allen curve method (1.32 g∙m−2∙year−1), the removal – summation method (1.43 ± 0.41 g∙m−2∙year−1), and the size–frequency method (1.48 ± 0.51 g∙m−2∙year−1). Confidence intervals (95%) were calculated using the method of C. C. Krueger and F. B. Martin for the size–frequency estimate of production and by bootstrapping for the removal–summation and instantaneous growth estimates.

Life spans of two species of tropical mayfly nymph (Ephemeroptera) from Magela Creek, Northern Territory

1982 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 173 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Marchant
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Life Span ◽  
Northern Territory ◽  
Annual Production ◽  
Length Frequency ◽  
Frequency Method ◽  
B Values ◽  
Size Frequency ◽  
Mayfly Nymph ◽  
Growth And Reproduction

The nymphs of Cloeon fuviatile and a species of Tasmanocoenis were common in the shallows (< 1 m) of two billabongs in Magela Creek, Northern Territory. Monthly estimates of abundance and length frequency showed that growth and reproduction occurred continuously. Estimates of the ratio of annual production to mean biomass (PIB) were calculated with the size-frequency method, using different values for nymphal life span; these estimates, when compared with P/B values predicted from the literature, suggested that the nymphs had a life span of about 1 month. Such a rapid life cycle is at least in part the result of the high mean temperature (30°C) in the shallows.

Life history and production of Hyalella azteca (Crustacea: Amphipoda) in a hypereutrophic prairie pond in southern Alberta

1992 ◽  
Vol 70 (7) ◽  
pp. 1417-1424 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuan Hua Wenz
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Population Density ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Hyalella Azteca ◽  
Annual Production ◽  
Adult Size ◽  
Frequency Method ◽  
Turnover Ratio ◽  
Peak Biomass ◽  
Southern Alberta

The life history and production of the amphipod Hyalella azteca were studied over an 18-month period in a hypereutrophic prairie pond in southern Alberta, Canada. The population reproduced once a year, with breeding commencing in June and continuing until August. Population density was highest in June. The mortality rate of the adult population increased with the onset of reproduction, and remained high until the end of winter. The population density was lowest during winter and early spring (January to May). Biomass (B) fluctuated in a similar manner to population density, but the peak biomass occurred in August and September. Annual production (P) was 23.12 g∙m−2 (dry weight), estimated by the size-frequency method. The corresponding annual turnover ratio (P/B) was 5.68. The unusually high annual production and turnover ratio are attributed to the high density and large adult size of this population.

scholarly journals Secondary production of Chasmagnathus granulatus (Crustacea; Decapoda) in a Ramsar Site from Argentina

2007 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 235-241 ◽  
Author(s):  
II. César ◽  
LC. Armendáriz
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Production ◽  
Carapace Width ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Annual Production ◽  
Frequency Method ◽  
Positive Allometry ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Independent Variable ◽  
Total Dry Weight ◽  
Chasmagnathus Granulatus

Secondary production of Chasmagnathus granulatus was calculated at the Refugio de Vida Silvestre Bahía Samborombón, Argentina (36° 16' S and 57° 06' W). Sampling was conducted on nine occasions between March 2001 and February 2003, crabs were collected by hand, physico-chemical variables, granulometry and organic matter contents of the sediments were registered. Crabs were classified as male, female and undifferentiated, measured (total carapace width: CW) and weighed (wet and dry weight: DW at 60 °C, during 48 hours). A correlation analysis between CW and DW was made. Morphometric growth of C. granulatus was by the application of the power function (y = a x b), where the carapace width (CW) was used as an independent variable. Males, females and undifferentiated individuals were analysed separately as well as all together as a group. The data were fitted indicating a positive allometry (constant of allometry b > 3), the males showing the greatest allometric value. The individuals (n = 957 juveniles and adults) were separated in cohorts by the polymodal width-frequency distribution converted into normal curves. Three cohorts were found during the whole study period, and two cohorts coexisting in each sampling date. Ovigerous females were caught on December 2001, 2002 and February 2003. The size-frequency method was used to estimate the annual production. The major contribution to production was carried out by the mature individuals, in particular those with size between 25 and 30 mm, but on the other hand, only few individuals measuring from 10 to 20 mm were collected. The annual production of C. granulatus was estimated in 7.76 g.m-2. The biomass (expressed as total dry weight) varied between 0.55 and 1.85 g.m-2, with the greater values being registered during autumn and spring, and the lower values during summer.

Population and Production Dynamics of an Enchytraeid Worm in a Subtropical Blackwater River

1987 ◽  
Vol 44 (8) ◽  
pp. 1469-1474 ◽  
Author(s):  
David L. Stites
Keyword(s):  
Aquatic Insect ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Coarse Sand ◽  
Annual Production ◽  
Total Density ◽  
Frequency Method ◽  
Blackwater River ◽  
Size Frequency ◽  
Center Channel ◽  
Production Dynamics

Population and production dynamics of Barbidrilus paucisetus Loden and Locy (Oligochaeta: Enchytraeidae) in a sixth-order blackwater river are described. This worm was the dominant member of the meiofauna of the sand habitat, accounting for 50–90% of the total density. Population density varied seasonally, increasing from < 20 000/m2 in the winter to 60–120 000/m2 in the summer. Biomass averaged 145 mg dry mass/m2 with a range of 8–326 mg/m2. Density peaked in the clean coarse sand of the center channel areas and was lower where the sand was finer and where more organic matter was present. Size frequency histograms indicated that there were three recruitment peaks during the sampling year, with mature and new individuals present in all seasons. Annual production (2.12 g dry mass/m2, SE = 0.15 g/m2), was estimated using the size frequency method and a cohort production interval correction of 3. Annual production was low compared with that of terrestrial Enchytraeidae and comparable with that of many aquatic insect species. Annual production/biomass ratio (14.3) was higher than terrestrial Enchytraeidae, due to the comparatively short generation time of this species.

Use of the Size–Frequency (Hynes) Method to Estimate Annual Production of a Stream Fish Population

1983 ◽  
Vol 40 (11) ◽  
pp. 2030-2034 ◽  
Author(s):  
Greg C. Garman ◽  
Thomas F. Waters
Keyword(s):  
Salmo Trutta ◽  
Fish Population ◽  
Annual Production ◽  
Salmo Gairdneri ◽  
Frequency Method ◽  
Reliable Determination ◽  
Size Frequency ◽  
Production Values ◽  
Significant Difference

Previously developed and accepted methods of fish production estimation, such as instantaneous growth (G method), require aging of sampled individuals. Hynes' size–frequency method, however, does not require cohort separation. Annual production and approximate 95% confidence intervals are presented and compared for populations of brook, brown, and rainbow trout (Salvelinus fontinalis, Salmo trutta, and Salmo gairdneri) in Valley Creek, Minnesota, 1977–78, using the size–frequency and G methods. No significant difference was found between production values calculated by the two methods. It is proposed that the size–frequency method provides a reliable determination of annual production of fish populations and will be especially useful where accurate aging of individuals is not possible or where aging represents excessive labor.

Annual Production by Caddisflies and Mayflies in a Western Minnesota Plains Stream

1982 ◽  
Vol 39 (12) ◽  
pp. 1628-1635 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. B. MacFarlane ◽  
T. F. Waters
Keyword(s):  
Standing Stock ◽  
Annual Production ◽  
Insect Community ◽  
Downstream Site ◽  
Frequency Method ◽  
Third Order ◽  
Upstream Site ◽  
Size Frequency ◽  
Total Annual Production ◽  
Wet Weight

Annual production was estimated for five species of caddisflies and mayflies, comprising major components of the insect community, in the Redwood River, a second- to third-order plains stream in western Minnesota. Estmates were made at two sites, one above and one below an impoundment. At the upstream site, annual production (g∙m−2, wet weight) and annual P/B ratios (in parentheses) were Hydropsyche bifida, 8.3 (6.9); Cheumatopsyche pettiti, 5.5 (7.0); Stenonema nepotellum, 3.4 (5.7); Stenacron interpunctatum canadense, 0.8 (7.0); and Caenis simulans, 4.7 (4.2); with total annual production of 22.7 g∙m−2. At the downstream site, annual production and P/B ratios were H. bifida, 34.3 (4.4); C. pettiti, 68.5 (4.4); S. interpunctatum canadense, 24.1 (6.1); and C. simulans, 2.8 (4.4); with total annual production of 129.7 g∙m−2. These species comprised 27.5% of the total insect standing stock at the upstream site and 75.9% downstream. The hydropsychid production at the downstream site was apparently sustained by the drift of zooplankton from the impoundment, resulting in considerably higher production by hydropsychids than reported in woodland streams.Key words: production, Trichoptera, Ephemeroptera, plains stream, benthos, size–frequency method

Zebra Mussels as Biomonitors for Organic Contaminants in the Lower Great Lakes

1996 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 411-432 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael E. Comba ◽  
Janice L. Metcalfe-Smith ◽  
Klaus L.E. Kaiser
Keyword(s):  
Great Lakes ◽  
Organic Contaminants ◽  
Lake Erie ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Lake Ontario ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Zebra Mussels ◽  
Organic Contamination ◽  
Contamination Levels ◽  
St Lawrence River

Abstract Zebra mussels were collected from 24 sites in Lake Erie, Lake Ontario and the St. Lawrence River between 1990 and 1992. Composite samples of whole mussels (15 sites) or soft tissues (9 sites) were analyzed for residues of organochlo-rine pesticides and PCBs to evaluate zebra mussels as biomonitors for organic contaminants. Mussels from most sites contained measurable quantities of most of the analytes. Mean concentrations were (in ng/g, whole mussel dry weight basis) 154 ΣPCB, 8.4 ΣDDT, 3.5 Σchlordane, 3.4 Σaldrin, 1.4 ΣBHC, 1.0 Σendosulfan, 0.80 mirex and 0.40 Σchlorobenzene. Concentrations varied greatly between sites, i.e., from 22 to 497 ng/g for ΣPCB and from 0.08 to 11.6 ng/g for ΣBHC, an indication that mussels are sensitive to different levels of contamination. Levels of ΣPCB and Σendosulfan were highest in mussels from the St. Lawrence River, whereas mirex was highest in those from Lake Ontario. Overall, mussels from Lake Erie were the least contaminated. These observations agree well with the spatial contaminant trends shown by other biomoni-toring programs. PCB congener class profiles in zebra mussels are also typical for nearby industrial sources, e.g., mussels below an aluminum casting plant contained 55% di-, tri- and tetrachlorobiphenyls versus 31% in those upstream. We propose the use of zebra mussels as biomonitors of organic contamination in the Great Lakes.

Cycle de développement, croissance et production de Pisidium amnicum (Mollusca: Bivalvia) dans le Saint-Laurent (Québec)

1981 ◽  
Vol 59 (12) ◽  
pp. 2350-2359 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Vincent ◽  
G. Vaillancourt ◽  
N. Lafontaine
Keyword(s):  
Population Dynamics ◽  
Sexual Maturity ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
The Other ◽  
Annual Production ◽  
Bithynia Tentaculata ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Total Dry Weight ◽  
St Lawrence River

The population dynamics of Pisidium amnicum have been studied in one population of the St. Lawrence River over a 2-year period during which 19 samples were taken. The species can live up to 3 years and it is iteroparous; individuals generally attain sexual maturity after 1 year and they reproduce twice, once at 2 and once at 3 years of age. In adults, mortality is lower in winter than during the rest of the year and mortality rates are twice as high during the 1st year than during the 2nd year. Total dry weight (PT, in milligrams) is related to maximum length (L, in millimetres) according to the equation PT = 0.0283∙L3,80 and flesh dry weight (PC, in milligrams) is related to length as follows: PC = 0.007∙L3,18. The annual production to mean biomass (P/B) ratio is 1.4, the mean annual production being 1.298 mg/m2 of total dry weight and 107 mg/m2 of flesh weight. Comparing these results with those obtained for the gastropod Bithynia tentaculata in the same environment and at the same period of the year has shown that the growth of Pisidium amnicum is far less influenced by the temperature regime than that of the other species and that its production is at least 10 times lower.

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