Effect of spring removal experiments on the spacing behavior of female snowshoe hares

1980 ◽  
Vol 58 (12) ◽  
pp. 2167-2174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stan Boutin
Keyword(s):  
Home Range ◽  
Adult Female ◽  
Control Area ◽  
Home Ranges ◽  
Breeding Density ◽  
Spacing Behavior ◽  
Snowshoe Hares ◽  
Removal Experiments

On an area in the southern Yukon, four adult female snowshoe hares were removed in May 1979, 10 days before birth of the first litter. For the next 35 days, movements of the surrounding females were monitored by livetrapping and telemetry, and compared with those of females on a control area. The experiment was repeated in June 1979 by removing six more females. Animals adjacent to the removal areas did not shift their home ranges to cover the vacated area, nor did immigrants come in from further outside. Females did spend significantly more time on that portion of their range nearest the removal areas. Females use their home range in a manner that would be expected to avoid interaction. Spacing behavior following first litter conception did not limit breeding density.

scholarly journals Home range and activity of African goshawks Accipiter tachiro in relation to their predation on bats

Koedoe ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
I.L. Rautenbach ◽  
M.B. Fenton ◽  
A.C. Kemp ◽  
S.J. Van Jaarsveld
Keyword(s):  
Home Range ◽  
Adult Female ◽  
Sex Ratios ◽  
Home Ranges ◽  
Radio Tracking ◽  
High Fecundity ◽  
Previous Summer

Winter radio-tracking of three African goshawks Accipiter tachiro showed that they each occupied well-wooded home ranges of at least 28 hectares. They perched and roosted mainly within densely foliaged trees and an adult female changed perches on average 4,7 times per hour. No crepuscular predation of bats was recorded, in contrast to regular summer predation on colonies of little free-tailed bats, Tadarida pumila, but winter emergence rates of these bats at dusk had dropped to < 5 of the previous summer. We predict that many accipiters will be regular predators of bats and that skewed sex ratios and high fecundity may be two means by which bats counter this predation.

Urban pigeon populations: stability, home range, and the effect of removing individuals

1995 ◽  
Vol 73 (6) ◽  
pp. 1154-1160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Sol ◽  
Joan Carles Senar
Keyword(s):  
Home Range ◽  
Small Area ◽  
Columba Livia ◽  
Home Ranges ◽  
Population Stability ◽  
External Perturbations ◽  
Removal Experiments ◽  
Alternative Sites ◽  
Number Of Individuals ◽  
Over Time

The population stability and home ranges of rock doves (Columba livia var.) were investigated by means of surveys and monitoring of marked individuals. We also studied the population response to removal of animals. Pigeons used small home ranges, and there was very little exchange between adjacent populations despite their proximity. Individual day attendance at the home range was not bimodal, so individuals cannot be divided into regular and sporadic visitors. The number of individuals remained very stable during the 5 months of the study. Pigeons did not show any group cohesion, but individuals simply used the same small area. The consequence of the removal experiments was a rapid immigration of individuals from areas where no control was exerted, supporting the hypothesis that compensatory changes in dispersal are probably the main mechanism of pigeons' response to external perturbations. The rapid response after control and the disappearance of marked pigeons over time indicate the existence of some sampling movements of individuals between alternative sites. Redistribution of pigeons after the creation of a population vacuum would be in accordance with current models of habitat selection.

Home Range and Hatching Success of Malleefowl, Leipoa-Ocellata Gould (Megapodiidae), in Murray Mallee Near Renmark, Sa

1987 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 95 ◽  
Author(s):  
DT Booth
Keyword(s):  
Home Range ◽  
Clutch Size ◽  
Hatching Success ◽  
Considerable Degree ◽  
Egg Mass ◽  
Home Ranges ◽  
Breeding Density ◽  
Egg Predation ◽  
Bird Density ◽  
The Difference

The home range of malleefowl in low-rainfall Murray mallee was approximately 4 km2, but home ranges of birds from different mounds overlapped to a considerable degree, resulting in an overall breeding density of 1.1 pairs per square kilometre. Mean clutch size (�95% CI) was 13.8 � 4.1, mean egg mass (�95% CI) 168�2 g; and 79.2% of eggs hatched successfully. No eggs were taken by foxes, but four out of six radio-tagged adults were eaten by foxes. These results differ from those of Frith, who studied malleefowl in high-rainfall mallee near Griffith, N.S.W. I suggest that differences in bird density and fecundity are related to vegetation differences, and that the difference in egg predation is related to differences in the way tkie incubation mounds at the two sites were maintained.

Density, movements, and breeding success of female blue grouse in an area of reduced male density

1984 ◽  
Vol 62 (8) ◽  
pp. 1556-1560 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard A. Lewis
Keyword(s):  
Home Range ◽  
Breeding Success ◽  
Control Area ◽  
Home Ranges ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Timing Of Breeding ◽  
Apparent Effect ◽  
Adult Females ◽  
Male Density ◽  
Dendragapus Obscurus

The density of male blue grouse (Dendragapus obscurus) on a 95-ha area was reduced artificially by approximately 75% in 1982. Density, movements, and breeding success of females on this area in that year were compared with those of females on the same area in 1981 (when density of males was undisturbed) and of females on an unmanipulated control area in 1981 and 1982. A reduction in male density had no apparent effect on the density of either yearling (potential recruits) or adult females, or the daily movements, timing of breeding, and breeding success of females. Home ranges of females were largest when male density was artificially reduced, but not significantly so. The larger home range sizes of females residing in an area with a very low density of males did not seem to result entirely from females searching for males with which to breed. Results of this study suggest that densities of male blue grouse have no apparent effect on densities of females or production of young, and support the hypothesis that densities of females in this species are regulated independently of males.

Short-term effects of logging on snowshoe hares in the boreal forest

1998 ◽  
Vol 28 (9) ◽  
pp. 1335-1343 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean Ferron ◽  
François Potvin ◽  
Christian Dussault
Keyword(s):  
Home Range ◽  
Black Spruce ◽  
Home Range Size ◽  
Range Size ◽  
Permanent Plots ◽  
Home Ranges ◽  
Snowshoe Hares ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Pellet Counts ◽  
The One

We investigated snowshoe hare (Lepus americanus Erxleben) abundance, home range size, daily movements, survival, and habitat utilization in black spruce (Picea mariana (Mill.) BSP) stands before and after clearcuts with protection of regeneration (CPR) in southwestern Quebec. Hare abundance was indexed by pellet counts in permanent plots 2 years before and over 4 years following logging (1991-1996). Home range size, daily movements, survival, and habitat use were measured by radiotracking 16 hares before and after logging, during 3 months between May and August 1992; some additional fixes were recorded monthly until the end of March 1993 for additional data on survival. Hare reaction to logging included immediate increased daily movements, larger home ranges involving partial or complete relocation, but no change in survival rate. After logging, hares moved to habitat structurally similar to the one they used before logging, but these sites contained larger trees and a greater proportion of deciduous species. Recent cutovers were unsuitable habitats for snowshoe hares despite protection of regeneration. Hares were still rare in clearcuts 4 years after logging. Residual forests are thus necessary to maintain hare populations in commercial timber landscapes.

scholarly journals Short Communication: A report on ranging behavior of Malayan flying lemurs, Galeopterus variegatus, in West Indonesia: Relationships with habitat characteristics

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 430-435
Author(s):  
YAMATO TSUJI ◽  
BAMBANG PRAYITNO ◽  
TAKAFUMI TATEWAKI ◽  
KANTHI ARUM WIDAYATI
Keyword(s):  
Home Range ◽  
Adult Female ◽  
Short Communication ◽  
Home Range Size ◽  
Habitat Characteristics ◽  
Home Ranges ◽  
Ranging Behavior ◽  
Minimum Convex Polygon ◽  
Night Time ◽  
Polygon Method

Tsuji Y, Prayitno B, Tatewaki T, Widayati KA, Suryobroto B. 2019. Short Communication: A report on ranging behavior of Malayan flying lemurs, Galeopterus variegatus, in West Indonesia: Relationships with habitat characteristics. Biodiversitas 20: 430-435. We attached GPS telemeters to wild Malayan flying lemurs, or colugos (Galeopterus variegatus) (n = 3, one adult male, one adult female, one juvenile male) in Pangandaran Nature Reserve, West Java, Indonesia in August 2018, to preliminary evaluate their home range size and characteristics, paying special attention to relationships with forest structure. Home range sizes, generated from location points collected from 4 to 11 days, ranging from 1.2 to 5.4 ha (based on minimum convex polygon method) or from 1.3 to 4.2 ha (95% Kernel), which is much larger than home ranges of colugos inhabiting palm plantations. The home range sizes of adult colugos were larger than that of juvenile. The home ranges of an adult female and a juvenile overlapped. The generalized linear model demonstrated that the locations where the colugos stayed frequently possessed a small number of trees and/or had a single taller tree, and these effects were stronger than other factors. The home range preferences of colugos seem to be related to gliding effectiveness and/or predator avoidance. The mean gliding distances were 33 m, but sometimes reached > 250 m, and there were no significant differences among animals. Night time gliding frequency showed no clear difference between time periods. We confirmed the effectiveness of GPS telemetry for tracking colugo movements.

Spatial organization of a lynx population

1995 ◽  
Vol 73 (4) ◽  
pp. 632-641 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kim G. Poole
Keyword(s):  
Home Range ◽  
Land Tenure ◽  
Spatial Organization ◽  
Home Ranges ◽  
Lynx Lynx ◽  
Lynx Canadensis ◽  
Dynamic Interactions ◽  
Snowshoe Hares ◽  
Land Tenure System ◽  
Range Overlap

I examined the home-range relationships and spatial organization of an untrapped lynx (Lynx canadensis) population in the southern Northwest Territories, Canada. I determined annual home ranges and static and dynamic interactions among 30 radio-collared adult lynx from April 1989 to April 1993. Densities of snowshoe hares (Lepus americanus), the main prey, declined during winter 1990–1991. There was extensive range overlap between sexes, and between certain pairs of female lynx. Ranges among most males and among other individual or pairs of females were more exclusive. Most intrasexual dynamic interactions indicated neither attraction nor avoidance, suggesting that home-range boundaries were maintained by passive means. Two male–female pairs showed some positive attraction during the early part of the first winter of low hare density. Home ranges of three male and three female lynx monitored for 3 consecutive years were stable. Spatial organization broke down during winter 1991 – 1992, when all resident lynx died or dispersed; this was concomitant with the first full winter of low hare density. Spatial organization observed prior to low hare densities may be described as a land-tenure system, based on prior residency, and may have served to regulate the density of this untrapped population during peak prey levels.

scholarly journals Impact of natural salt lick on the home range of Panthera tigris at the Royal Belum Rainforest, Malaysia

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bryan Andrew Lazarus ◽  
Azlan Che-Amat ◽  
Muhammad Muzammil Abdul Halim Shah ◽  
Azwan Hamdan ◽  
Hasliza Abu Hassim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Home Range ◽  
Prey Availability ◽  
Nutritional Ecology ◽  
Camera Traps ◽  
Home Ranges ◽  
Panthera Tigris ◽  
Health Maintenance ◽  
Salt Lick ◽  
Save Energy ◽  
Salt Licks

AbstractNatural salt lick (sira) is a strategic localisation for ecological wildlife assemblage to exhibit geophagy which may act as a population dynamic buffer of prey and predators. Undoubtedly, many agree that geophagy at natural licks is linked to nutritional ecology, health and assembly places facilitating social interaction of its users. Overall, natural salt licks not only save energy of obtaining nutrient leading to health maintenance but also forms the basis of population persistence. The Royal Belum Rainforest, Malaysia (Royal Belum) is a typical tropical rainforest in Malaysia rich in wildlife which are mainly concentrated around the natural salt lick. Since this is one of the most stable fauna ecology forest in Malaysia, it is timely to assess its impact on the Malayan tiger (Panthera tigris) home range dynamics. The three-potential home ranges of the Malayan tiger in this rainforest were selected based on animal trails or foot prints surrounding the salt lick viz (e.g. Sira Kuak and Sira Batu; Sira Rambai and Sira Buluh and Sira Papan) as well as previous sightings of a Malayan tiger in the area, whose movement is dependent on the density and distribution of prey. Camera traps were placed at potential animal trails surrounding the salt lick to capture any encountered wildlife species within the area of the camera placements. Results showed that all home ranges of Malayan tiger were of no significance for large bodied prey availability such as sambar deer (Rusa unicolor), and smaller prey such as muntjacs (Muntiacus muntjac) and wild boar (Sus scrofa). Interestingly, all home range harbour the Malayan tiger as the only sole predator. The non-significance of prey availability at each home range is attributed to the decline of the Malayan tiger in the rainforest since tigers are dependant on the movement of its preferred prey surrounding natural salt licks. Thus, the information from this study offers fundamental knowledge on the importance of prey-predator interaction at salt lick which will help in designing strategy in rewilding or rehabilitation programs of the Malayan tiger at the Royal Belum Rainforest.

The spatial dynamics of White-browed Babbler groups in a fragmented agricultural landscape

2002 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 271 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter G. Cale
Keyword(s):  
Home Range ◽  
Breeding Season ◽  
Group Dynamics ◽  
Agricultural Landscape ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Breeding Site ◽  
Home Ranges ◽  
Effective Population ◽  
Study Sites ◽  
Group Movements

White-browed Babbler Pomatostomus superciliosus groups occupying linear strips of vegetation had breeding territories that were smaller in area and had longer linear dimensions than those occupying patches. A group's non-breeding home range was larger than its breeding territory. Groups occupying linear/patch home ranges expanded the linear extent and area of their home ranges more than those within other home range configurations. Some groups moved during the non-breeding season and this was more likely to occur if the group occupied a remnant with a low abundance of invertebrates during summer. Some groups that moved returned prior to the next breeding season, but the majority were never seen again. New groups moved into the study sites and established in vacant home ranges. This suggests that those groups that left the study sites may have established new home ranges elsewhere. Breeding site fidelity was lower in groups that had failed in previous breeding attempts. Therefore, group movements were influenced by the feeding and breeding quality of the habitat. However, the configuration of the local population also influenced group movements with those groups on the edge of a local population being more likely to move than those in the interior. New groups were formed by two processes; group dispersal, where groups generally filled a vacant home range, and group budding, which involved the splitting of a large group. Group dispersal maintained group densities while group budding increased the density of groups in a local population. These two processes were common, producing localized fluctuations in the density of groups. Since babbler groups contain only one breeding pair, changes in group density represent changes in effective population size. Therefore, group dynamics may be important to the persistence of local populations of White-browed Babblers, especially in landscapes that have suffered from habitat loss and fragmentation.

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