Growth dynamics of muscle fibres, dry weight, and condition in relation to somatic growth rate in yearling rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri)

1979 ◽  
Vol 57 (12) ◽  
pp. 2385-2392 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. H. Weatherley ◽  
H. S. Gill ◽  
S. C. Rogers
Keyword(s):  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Fibre Diameter ◽  
Somatic Growth ◽  
Growth Dynamics ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Salmo Gairdneri ◽  
Muscle Fibres ◽  
Fish Length ◽  
Somatic Growth Rate ◽  
Fibre Number

Rainbow trout (15.5 cm) fed "ad lib." rations grew a little faster at 12 °C than at 16 °C, and both groups grew much faster than a third group at 12 °C receiving "3–4%" rations. Growth of the mosaic muscle mass was characterized by increase in fibre mean diameter, though most bulk increase (up to 25 cm or more) resulted from increase in fibre number. Fibre diameter: fish length was least in the fastest growing trout (12 °C ad lib.), signifying their greater ability to add new fibres during growth compared with the slower growing trout; diameter range increased markedly among trout > 18 cm long, but small fibres (< 20 μm) persisted in diminishing numbers even in the largest trout. In the 12 °C ad lib. trout, condition (K) correlated with length and fibre diameter; in the slower growing groups K was more influenced by mean fibre diameter. A higher asymptote of K occurred at greater length in the fastest growing group than in the two slower growing groups. Percent dry weight: length was greater for 16 °C ad lib. than for the fastest or slowest growth groups; absolute dry weight: length ratios were similar for 12 °C and 16 °C ad lib. trout; both exceeded those for the 12 °C 3-4% group.

Growth dynamics of mosaic muscle fibres in fingerling rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) in relation to somatic growth rate

1980 ◽  
Vol 58 (9) ◽  
pp. 1535-1541 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. H. Weatherley ◽  
H. S. Gill ◽  
S. C. Rogers
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Fibre Diameter ◽  
Fork Length ◽  
Salmo Gairdneri ◽  
Muscle Fibres ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Rate Condition ◽  
Epaxial Muscle

We examined the effects of varying water temperature (5, 12, 20 °C), ration size (ad libitum, and 3–4% of dry body weight per day), and injection of bovine growth hormone, on the growth characteristics of the epaxial muscle in laboratory-reared rainbow trout. Although the experimental conditions resulted in differences in growth rate, condition factor (K = W/L3 × 102) and dry weight, we found that, below a fork length of 18–20 cm, an increase in the cross-sectional area of the epaxial muscle occurs mainly by the addition of new fibres. However, between 20 and 25 cm the increase evidently results mainly from an increase in diameter of existing fibres. The relationship between fibre diameter frequency and fork length is characterized, and the implications of this relationship in limiting growth of this species is discussed.

Diet and growth of rainbow trout, Salmo gairdneri Richardson, in two streams on the New England Tableland, New South Wales

1981 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
pp. 967 ◽  
Author(s):  
RWJ Pidgeon
Keyword(s):  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
New England ◽  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
Rank Correlation ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Fish Growth ◽  
Salmo Gairdneri ◽  
Fish Size ◽  
South Wales

The diets and growth rates of rainbow trout in the Wollomombi and Guy Fawkes Rivers in northern New South Wales were examined. The growth rate of trout in the Wollomombi River was much higher than that of fish in the Guy Fawkes River. Spearman rank correlation coefficients indicated that stream type was more important than fish size in determining the composition of the diet of the trout. Benthic invertebrates formed the largest component of the diet in both streams: 66.0 and 63.0% of ash-free dry weight (AFDW) in the Wollomombi River and the Guy Fawkes River, respectively. Trout in the Wollomombi River consumed more nektonic prey (33.3% of AFDW) than fish in the Guy Fawkes River (3.7% of AFDW). In contrast, surface food (aquatic imagines and terrestrial insects) made up a much higher proportion of the diet of trout in the Guy Fawkes River (33.9% of AFDW) than in the Wollomombi River (0.6% of AFDW). Crayfish were a major component of the diet (in terms of AFDW) in both streams, their proportions increasing with fish size. The significance of crayfish in relation to fish growth is discussed.

A Study of in vivo Glycine Absorption by Fed and Fasted Rainbow Trout (Salmo Gairdneri)

1981 ◽  
Vol 91 (1) ◽  
pp. 285-292 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. BOGÉ ◽  
A. RIGAL ◽  
G. PÉRES
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Acid Concentration ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Salmo Gairdneri ◽  
Mucosal Tissue ◽  
Perfusion Technique

The effects of 4 and 8 weeks fasting at 16 °C were studied in rainbow trout, Salmo gairdneri Richardson. After 4 and 8 weeks, the wet weights of the intestine of fasted animals are respectively 64% and 69% lower than those of fed animals. These effects especially concern the mucosal tissue. Glycine absorption (0.5 and 10 mm) was studied using an in vivo perfusion technique. After 4 weeks, the absolute amounts of 0.5 mm glycine absorbed by fasted and fed fish are similar. With 10 mm glycine, the absorption is slightly lower in fasted trout (−19%). After 8 weeks these differences are more marked, with glycine concentrations of 10 mm (−42%). Results expressed per 100 g body weight showed that these differences result partly from a weight gain of fed trout. Absorption expressed in terms of weight of dry intestine is higher in 4 and 8 weeks fasted animals, principally for the lower amino acid concentration (+61% and +111%). Larger differences were apparent when the absorptions were expressed in terms of dry weight of mucosal tissue (+122% and +225%).

Changes in Elemental Composition of Hatchery-Reared Rainbow Trout, Salmo gairdneri, Associated with Growth and Reproduction

1984 ◽  
Vol 41 (11) ◽  
pp. 1592-1600 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karl D. Shearer
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Elemental Composition ◽  
Body Burden ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Salmo Gairdneri ◽  
Gonad Maturation ◽  
Fish Size ◽  
Weight Concentration

By examining a group of rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) over their life cycle (ova to 1500 g), 1 found that their elemental composition was determined by fish size, stage of life cycle (prefeeding, juvenile, post-juvenile), and reproductive state. Fish were fed practical diets and were reared under hatchery conditions. Whole body elemental concentrations of Ca, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Na, P, Sr, and Zn were size dependent prior to sexual maturity. Rates of elemental accumulation in relation to weight gain were higher in juveniles than in adult fish. Reduced somatic concentrations of Mn, Fe, and Zn were observed during gonad maturation in female but not in male trout. Tissue concentrations of some elements remained constant over the duration of the study, while others increased or decreased linearly with increasing fish size. Tables and equations 1 present will enable the normal tissue and whole body elemental composition of rainbow trout at any size to be determined. My results indicate that body burden or wet weight concentration are better indicators of elemental status than dry weight concentration and that comparison of elemental levels between treatment groups in dietary experiments should be made on the basis of a standard-sized fish or by comparing the rates of elemental deposition with growth.

Somatic Growth Effects on the Otolith–Fish Size Relationship in Young Pond-reared Striped Bass, Morone saxatilis

1989 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 113-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
David H. Secor ◽  
John Mark Dean
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Striped Bass ◽  
Somatic Growth ◽  
Morone Saxatilis ◽  
Fish Length ◽  
Fish Size ◽  
Somatic Growth Rate ◽  
Size Relationship ◽  
Highly Correlated ◽  
Otolith Size

Somatic growth rate of pond-reared larval and juvenile striped bass, Morone saxatilis, influenced the relationship between otolith size and fish size. Slower growing groups of individuals had larger and heavier otoliths, relative to fish length, than did faster growing groups. Within each growth group, otolith and fish size were highly correlated. Daily increment formation was validated from 10 to 51 d after hatch. Significant interaction occurred between age and fish size effects on otolith size. We propose that otolith growth occurs by two interacting processes. Otoliths grow daily in an incremental manner which is independent of somatic growth. Growth also proceeds continuously within each daily cycle of increment deposition, probably in some proportion to daily somatic growth. Corollaries to the hypotheses are (1) somatic growth rate can influence the otolith–fish size relationship, (2) intraspecific variation in otolith scaling might be used to predict past differences in somatic growth rate, and (3) there is a biological rationale for the use of otolith size and fish size as predictors in age estimation.

Growth and multiplication of white skeletal muscle fibres in carp larvae in relation to somatic growth rate

1997 ◽  
Vol 50 (6) ◽  
pp. 1285-1302 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Alami-Durante ◽  
B. Fauconneau ◽  
M. Rouel ◽  
A. M. Escaffre ◽  
P. Bergot
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Growth Rate ◽  
Somatic Growth ◽  
Muscle Fibres ◽  
Somatic Growth Rate ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Fibres

scholarly journals The effect of acute dietary restriction on muscle fibre number in weanling rats

1981 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 475-481 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald K. Layman ◽  
Patricia B. Swan ◽  
P. V. J. Hegarty
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Restriction ◽  
Fibre Diameter ◽  
Growth Potential ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Muscle Fibres ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Muscle Weight ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Restricted Group ◽  
Fibre Number

1. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were allocated at 100 g into either an ad lib.-fed control group or a food-restricted group. The restricted group was fed for 9 d at 25% of ad lib. intake. Controls were killed at a body-weight of 100 g and 29 d of age and the restricted animlas were killed at 70 g and 38 d of age.2. The effects of food restriction on muscle weight, fibre number, fibre diameter, DNA, and protein were examined in three skeletal muscles, the soleus, plantaris and extensor digitorum longus (EDL).3. Acute dietary restriction caused body- and muscle-weight loss and a decrease in both the number and cross-sectional area of muscle fibres in each of the muscles.4. The restriction halted growth-related increases in DNA in all muscles and decreased the protein: DNA value in the plantaris and EDL.5. These results indicate that present theories describing cellular development are not adequate to define growth potential or growth retardation of skeletal muscle.

Growth Dynamics of White Muscle Fibres in Relation to Somatic Growth of Larvae of European Sea Bass (Dicentrarchus labrax, L.)

2006 ◽  
Vol 30 (5) ◽  
pp. 523-529 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Nejedli ◽  
Z. Kozariá ◽  
V. G. Kantura ◽  
Z. Petrinec ◽  
M. Zobundžija1 ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
White Muscle ◽  
Dicentrarchus Labrax ◽  
Somatic Growth ◽  
Growth Dynamics ◽  
Sea Bass ◽  
Muscle Fibres ◽  
European Sea Bass
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