The osmotic fragility and critical hemolytic volume of red blood cells of Amazon fishes

1978 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 860-862 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyun Dju Kim ◽  
R. E. Isaacks
Keyword(s):  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Osmotic Fragility ◽  
Human Cells ◽  
Red Cells ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Arapaima Gigas ◽  
Electric Eel ◽  
Amazon Fish ◽  
Human Red Cells

The osmotic fragility and critical hemolytic volume were determined in red cells obtained from common Amazon fishes including the arawana (Osteoglossum bicirrhosum), the armored catfish (Pterygoplichthys), the electric eel (Electrophorus electrocus), the pirarucu (Arapaima gigas), and the lungfish (Lepidosiren paradoxa). The red cells of the pirarucu and the electric eel displayed the osmotic fragility profile remarkedly akin to human red cells, whereas the red cells of the armored catfish were considerably more resistant to hemolysis than human cells. The arawana cells exhibited a broad shoulder in the region of 120 mM to 70 mM followed by a complete hemolysis near 40 mM NaCl as in other fishes. Unexpectedly, the lungfish red cells were found to be extraordinarily resistant to hemolysis. A 15-min and a 1-h exposure of the lungfish cells to distilled water resulted in hemolysis of 55 and 80%, respectively. The critical hemolytic volume of Amazon fish red cells thus far examined was of the order of 1.83–2.03, except the pirarucu red cells which had a low value of 1.25.

HEMOLYTIC DISEASE OF THE NEWBORN DUE TO ANTI-A AND ANTI-B

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1955 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-62
Author(s):  
Clare N. Shumway ◽  
Gerald Miller ◽  
Lawrence E. Young
Keyword(s):  
B Cells ◽  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Blood Group ◽  
Newborn Infant ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Osmotic Fragility ◽  
Red Cells ◽  
Hemolytic Disease ◽  
Abo Incompatibility

Ten infants with hemolytic disease of the newborn due to ABO incompatibility were studied. In every case the investigations were undertaken because of jaundice occurring in the first 24 hours of life. The clinical, hematologic and serologic observations in the infants and the serologic findings in the maternal sera are described. Evidence is presented to show that the diagnosis of the disorder rests largely upon the demonstration of spherocytosis, increased osmotic fragility of the red cells, reticulocytosis, and hyperbilirubinemia in a newborn infant whose red blood cells are incompatible with the maternal major blood group isoantibody and against whose cells no other maternal isoantibody is demonstrable. The anti-A or anti-B in each of the maternal sera tested in this series hemolyzed A or B cells in the presence of complement. Other serologic findings in the maternal sera were less consistently demonstrated.

scholarly journals THE PRESERVATION OF LIVING RED BLOOD CELLS IN VITRO

1916 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 239-248 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peyton Rous ◽  
J. R. Turner
Keyword(s):  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Blood Count ◽  
Sodium Citrate ◽  
Human Cells ◽  
Red Cells ◽  
Long Time ◽  
And Function

In order to determine the availability for functional uses of red cells kept in vitro by our methods, transfusion experiments have been carried out with rabbits by which a large part of their blood was replaced with kept rabbit cells suspended in Locke's solution. It has been found that erythrocytes preserved in mixtures of blood, sodium citrate, saccharose, and water for 14 days, and used to replace normal blood, will remain in circulation and function so well that the animal shows no disturbance, and the blood count, hemoglobin, and percentage of reticulated red cells remain unvaried. Cells kept for longer periods, though intact and apparently unchanged when transfused, soon leave the circulation. Animals in which this disappearance of cells is taking place on a large scale, remain healthy save for the progressing anemia. The experiments prove that, in the exsanguinated rabbit at least, transfusions of cells kept for a long time in vitro may be used to replace the blood lost, and that when the cells have been kept too long but are still intact they are disposed of without harm. The indications are that kept human cells could be profitably employed in the same way.

Evidence for bumetanide-sensitive, Na+-dependent, partial Na–K–Cl co-transport in red blood cells of a primitive fish

1991 ◽  
Vol 69 (5) ◽  
pp. 588-591 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Clive Ellory ◽  
Michael W. Wolowyk
Keyword(s):  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Loop Diuretic ◽  
Tracer Uptake ◽  
Red Cells ◽  
Cl Transport ◽  
Uptake Studies ◽  
Human Red Cells

Tracer uptake studies identified the major routes for K+ transport in hagfish red cells, resolving them into ouabain-sensitive, loop diuretic-sensitive, and residual components. The K½ values for ouabain, bumetanide, and furosemide were 10−5, 6 × 10−7, and 5 × 10−6 M, respectively. The properties of the Na–K–Cl co-transporter were investigated further by varying K+, Na+, and Cl− concentrations. The measured K½ values were similar to those for human red cells. Finally, the stoichiometry of Na:K:Cl uptake was determined, giving 1:1 for K+:Cl−; in contrast, no significant Na+ flux could be measured, although Na+ content must be present for measurable bumetanide-dependent K+ or Cl− flux to occur. The Na–K–Cl transport therefore shows Na+-dependent KCl co-transport or partial flux of the system.Key words: Na–K–Cl co-transport, hagfish red blood cells, Eptatretus stouti.

scholarly journals Towards microfluidic-based depletion of stiff and fragile human red cells that accumulate during blood storage

Lab on a Chip ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 448-458 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sha Huang ◽  
Han Wei Hou ◽  
Tamir Kanias ◽  
Jonas Tadeu Sertorio ◽  
Huichao Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Red Cells ◽  
Prolonged Storage ◽  
Biophysical Properties ◽  
Blood Storage ◽  
Human Red Cells

In this study, the effects of prolonged storage on several biophysical properties of red blood cells (RBCs) were investigated.

Effect of N-ethylmaleimide on K transport in density-separated human red blood cells

1987 ◽  
Vol 253 (1) ◽  
pp. C7-C12 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. R. Berkowitz ◽  
D. Walstad ◽  
E. P. Orringer
Keyword(s):  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Red Cells ◽  
Sheep Red Cells ◽  
Human Red Blood Cells ◽  
High K ◽  
K Transport ◽  
Human Red Cells

N-ethylmaleimide (NEM) is a sulfhydryl-reacting agent known to stimulate chloride-dependent K transport in a variety of red cells. In high K sheep red cells, NEM-induced K movements are greater in magnitude in young cells compared with old cells. We hypothesized that human red cells might respond to NEM like high K sheep red cells. To test this idea, cells of various age were exposed to 0.5 mM NEM. We found that, after a 4-h incubation, young cells lost 50% of cell K, compared with 10% K loss in older cells. K loss in all fractions was inhibited by chloride replacement or furosemide.

scholarly journals Interaction of Mercury with Human Erythrocytes

1962 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 395-410 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Weed ◽  
J. Eber ◽  
A. Rothstein
Keyword(s):  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Glucose Uptake ◽  
Binding Sites ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Reduced Glutathione ◽  
Osmotic Fragility ◽  
Red Cells ◽  
Sulfhydryl Groups ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Binding Curves

The binding of mercury to red blood cells was measured in terms of Hg203 uptake and desorption. The significant features of the binding are: (a) rapid achievement of equilibrium (3 to 5 minutes); (b) release of a Hg-complexing material from the red cells themselves which distorts the binding curves at low concentrations of metal (2.5 x 10-7 to 5.0 x 10-6 M); (c) prevention of binding by cysteine, glutathione, penicillamine, and EDTA but not by imidazole or histidine; (d) binding of mercury in amounts up to 7 times the reduced glutathione concentration of the cells before combination with glutathione itself; (e) binding primarily to sulfhydryl groups of hemoglobin and to a small number of stromal sulfhydryl groups, but also to other non-sulfhydryl cellular ligands after saturation of the sulfhydryl groups. Associated with the binding is inhibition of glucose uptake, induction of loss of K+, and decrease in osmotic fragility. These effects increase over the range of concentrations (1 x 10-17 to 1 x 10-15 moles of Hg/RBC) well below those that result in saturation of the cellular binding sites; above 1 x 10-15 moles/RBC, the effects decrease as the cells become saturated.

scholarly journals An Evaluation of Morphological Changes and Deformability of Suspended Red Blood Cells Prepared Using Whole Blood with Different Hemoglobin Levels of Tibetans

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Rui Zhong ◽  
Dingding Han ◽  
Xiaodong Wu ◽  
Hong Wang ◽  
Wanjing Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Whole Blood ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Osmotic Fragility ◽  
Spherical Shape ◽  
Hypoxic Environment ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Group A ◽  
Cell Membrane Protein

Background: The hypoxic environment stimulates the human body to increase the levels of hemoglobin (HGB) and hematocrit and the number of red blood cells. Such enhancements have individual differences, leading to a wide range of HGB in Tibetans’ whole blood (WB). Study Design: WB of male Tibetans was divided into 3 groups according to different HGB (i.e., A: >120 but ≤185 g/L, B: >185 but ≤210 g/L, and C: >210 g/L). Suspended red blood cells (SRBC) processed by collected WB and stored in standard conditions were examined aseptically on days 1, 14, 21, and 35 after storage. The routine biochemical indexes, deformability, cell morphology, and membrane proteins were tested. Results: Mean corpuscular volume, adenosine triphosphate, pH, and deformability were not different in group A vs. those in storage (p > 0.05). The increased rate of irreversible morphology of red blood cells was different among the 3 groups, but there was no difference in the percentage of red blood cells with an irreversible morphology after 35 days of storage. Group C performed better in terms of osmotic fragility and showed a lower rigid index than group A. Furthermore, SDS-PAGE revealed similar cross-linking degrees of cell membrane protein but the band 3 protein of group C seemed to experience weaker clustering than that of group A as detected by Western Blot analysis after 35 days of storage. Conclusions: There was no difference in deformability or morphological changes in the 3 groups over the 35 days of storage. High HGB levels of plateau SRBC did not accelerate the RBC change from a biconcave disc into a spherical shape and it did not cause a reduction in deformability during 35 days of preservation in bank conditions.

Alterations in osmotic fragility of the red blood cells in hypo- and hyperthyroid patients

2009 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Zahedi Asl ◽  
N. Khalili Brojeni ◽  
A. Ghasemi ◽  
F. Faraji ◽  
M. Hedayati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Osmotic Fragility ◽  
Hyperthyroid Patients
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