scholarly journals Towards microfluidic-based depletion of stiff and fragile human red cells that accumulate during blood storage

Lab on a Chip ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 448-458 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sha Huang ◽  
Han Wei Hou ◽  
Tamir Kanias ◽  
Jonas Tadeu Sertorio ◽  
Huichao Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Red Cells ◽  
Prolonged Storage ◽  
Biophysical Properties ◽  
Blood Storage ◽  
Human Red Cells

In this study, the effects of prolonged storage on several biophysical properties of red blood cells (RBCs) were investigated.

Evidence for bumetanide-sensitive, Na+-dependent, partial Na–K–Cl co-transport in red blood cells of a primitive fish

1991 ◽  
Vol 69 (5) ◽  
pp. 588-591 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Clive Ellory ◽  
Michael W. Wolowyk
Keyword(s):  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Loop Diuretic ◽  
Tracer Uptake ◽  
Red Cells ◽  
Cl Transport ◽  
Uptake Studies ◽  
Human Red Cells

Tracer uptake studies identified the major routes for K+ transport in hagfish red cells, resolving them into ouabain-sensitive, loop diuretic-sensitive, and residual components. The K½ values for ouabain, bumetanide, and furosemide were 10−5, 6 × 10−7, and 5 × 10−6 M, respectively. The properties of the Na–K–Cl co-transporter were investigated further by varying K+, Na+, and Cl− concentrations. The measured K½ values were similar to those for human red cells. Finally, the stoichiometry of Na:K:Cl uptake was determined, giving 1:1 for K+:Cl−; in contrast, no significant Na+ flux could be measured, although Na+ content must be present for measurable bumetanide-dependent K+ or Cl− flux to occur. The Na–K–Cl transport therefore shows Na+-dependent KCl co-transport or partial flux of the system.Key words: Na–K–Cl co-transport, hagfish red blood cells, Eptatretus stouti.

Effect of N-ethylmaleimide on K transport in density-separated human red blood cells

1987 ◽  
Vol 253 (1) ◽  
pp. C7-C12 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. R. Berkowitz ◽  
D. Walstad ◽  
E. P. Orringer
Keyword(s):  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Red Cells ◽  
Sheep Red Cells ◽  
Human Red Blood Cells ◽  
High K ◽  
K Transport ◽  
Human Red Cells

N-ethylmaleimide (NEM) is a sulfhydryl-reacting agent known to stimulate chloride-dependent K transport in a variety of red cells. In high K sheep red cells, NEM-induced K movements are greater in magnitude in young cells compared with old cells. We hypothesized that human red cells might respond to NEM like high K sheep red cells. To test this idea, cells of various age were exposed to 0.5 mM NEM. We found that, after a 4-h incubation, young cells lost 50% of cell K, compared with 10% K loss in older cells. K loss in all fractions was inhibited by chloride replacement or furosemide.

The osmotic fragility and critical hemolytic volume of red blood cells of Amazon fishes

1978 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 860-862 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyun Dju Kim ◽  
R. E. Isaacks
Keyword(s):  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Osmotic Fragility ◽  
Human Cells ◽  
Red Cells ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Arapaima Gigas ◽  
Electric Eel ◽  
Amazon Fish ◽  
Human Red Cells

The osmotic fragility and critical hemolytic volume were determined in red cells obtained from common Amazon fishes including the arawana (Osteoglossum bicirrhosum), the armored catfish (Pterygoplichthys), the electric eel (Electrophorus electrocus), the pirarucu (Arapaima gigas), and the lungfish (Lepidosiren paradoxa). The red cells of the pirarucu and the electric eel displayed the osmotic fragility profile remarkedly akin to human red cells, whereas the red cells of the armored catfish were considerably more resistant to hemolysis than human cells. The arawana cells exhibited a broad shoulder in the region of 120 mM to 70 mM followed by a complete hemolysis near 40 mM NaCl as in other fishes. Unexpectedly, the lungfish red cells were found to be extraordinarily resistant to hemolysis. A 15-min and a 1-h exposure of the lungfish cells to distilled water resulted in hemolysis of 55 and 80%, respectively. The critical hemolytic volume of Amazon fish red cells thus far examined was of the order of 1.83–2.03, except the pirarucu red cells which had a low value of 1.25.

HEMOLYTIC DISEASE OF THE NEWBORN DUE TO ANTI-A AND ANTI-B

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1955 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-62
Author(s):  
Clare N. Shumway ◽  
Gerald Miller ◽  
Lawrence E. Young
Keyword(s):  
B Cells ◽  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Blood Group ◽  
Newborn Infant ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Osmotic Fragility ◽  
Red Cells ◽  
Hemolytic Disease ◽  
Abo Incompatibility

Ten infants with hemolytic disease of the newborn due to ABO incompatibility were studied. In every case the investigations were undertaken because of jaundice occurring in the first 24 hours of life. The clinical, hematologic and serologic observations in the infants and the serologic findings in the maternal sera are described. Evidence is presented to show that the diagnosis of the disorder rests largely upon the demonstration of spherocytosis, increased osmotic fragility of the red cells, reticulocytosis, and hyperbilirubinemia in a newborn infant whose red blood cells are incompatible with the maternal major blood group isoantibody and against whose cells no other maternal isoantibody is demonstrable. The anti-A or anti-B in each of the maternal sera tested in this series hemolyzed A or B cells in the presence of complement. Other serologic findings in the maternal sera were less consistently demonstrated.

scholarly journals Sensing of red blood cells with decreased membrane deformability by the human spleen

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (20) ◽  
pp. 2581-2587 ◽  
Author(s):  
Innocent Safeukui ◽  
Pierre A. Buffet ◽  
Guillaume Deplaine ◽  
Sylvie Perrot ◽  
Valentine Brousse ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
Red Cells ◽  
Human Spleen ◽  
Rbc Membrane ◽  
Membrane Rigidity ◽  
Cellular Deformability ◽  
Distinct Features

Abstract The current paradigm in the pathogenesis of several hemolytic red blood cell disorders is that reduced cellular deformability is a key determinant of splenic sequestration of affected red cells. Three distinct features regulate cellular deformability: membrane deformability, surface area-to-volume ratio (cell sphericity), and cytoplasmic viscosity. By perfusing normal human spleens ex vivo, we had previously showed that red cells with increased sphericity are rapidly sequestered by the spleen. Here, we assessed the retention kinetics of red cells with decreased membrane deformability but without marked shape changes. A controlled decrease in membrane deformability (increased membrane rigidity) was induced by treating normal red cells with increasing concentrations of diamide. Following perfusion, diamide-treated red blood cells (RBCs) were rapidly retained in the spleen with a mean clearance half-time of 5.9 minutes (range, 4.0-13.0). Splenic clearance correlated positively with increased membrane rigidity (r = 0.93; P < .0001). To determine to what extent this increased retention was related to mechanical blockade in the spleen, diamide-treated red cells were filtered through microsphere layers that mimic the mechanical sensing of red cells by the spleen. Diamide-treated red cells were retained in the microsphilters (median, 7.5%; range, 0%-38.6%), although to a lesser extent compared with the spleen (median, 44.1%; range, 7.3%-64.0%; P < .0001). Taken together, these results have implications for understanding the sensitivity of the human spleen to sequester red cells with altered cellular deformability due to various cellular alterations and for explaining clinical heterogeneity of RBC membrane disorders.

scholarly journals CELLS INVOLVED IN THE IMMUNE RESPONSE

1969 ◽  
Vol 129 (4) ◽  
pp. 757-774 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nabih I. Abdou ◽  
Maxwell Richter
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Immune Response ◽  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Bone Marrow Cells ◽  
Allogeneic Bone Marrow ◽  
Red Cells ◽  
Allogeneic Bone ◽  
Sheep Red Blood Cells ◽  
Sheep Red Cells

Irradiated rabbits given allogeneic bone marrow cells from normal adult donors responded to an injection of sheep red blood cells by forming circulating antibodies. Their spleen cells were also capable of forming many plaques using the hemolysis in gel technique, and were also capable of undergoing blastogenesis and mitosis and of incorporating tritiated thymidine upon exposure to the specific antigen in vitro. However, irradiated rabbits injected with allogeneic bone marrow obtained from rabbits injected with sheep red blood cells 24 hr prior to sacrifice (primed donors) were incapable of mounting an immune response after stimulation with sheep red cells. This loss of reactivity by the bone marrow from primed donors is specific for the antigen injected, since the immune response of the irradiated recipients to a non-cross-reacting antigen, the horse red blood cell, is unimpaired. Treatment of the bone marrow donors with high-titered specific antiserum to sheep red cells for 24 hr prior to sacrifice did not result in any diminished ability of their bone marrow cells to transfer antibody-forming capacity to sheep red blood cells. The significance of these results, with respect to the origin of the antigen-reactive and antibody-forming cells in the rabbit, is discussed.

MODIFICATION OF THE TECHNIC OF TREATING ERYTHROBLASTOSIS FETALIS BY EXCHANGE TRANSFUSION

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1951 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 117-127
Author(s):  
ALEXANDER S. WIENER ◽  
IRVING B. WEXLER
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Clinical Features ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Exchange Transfusion ◽  
Red Cells ◽  
Simplified Method ◽  
Adult Plasma

A simplified method of treating erythroblastosis by exchange transfusion is described in which the patient is bled and simultaneously transfused with compatible packed red cells. A table is presented which gives the final hematocrit and percentage of inagglutinable red blood cells in the patient's body at the termination of the exchange transfusion, in relation to the patient's initial hematocrit and the amount of blood exchanged. An exchange transfusion with 100 to 150 cc. of packed cells appears to be adequate regardless of the severity of the anemia. Statistical analysis of the result of 106 exchange transfusions shows a progressive drop in mortality rate from 23.7% in 38 cases treated with 500 cc. of whole citrated blood, to 14.6 cc. in 48 cases treated with 1,000 cc. of whole citrated blood, and to 10.0% in 20 cases treated with 120 cc. of packed cells. While the improvement may be accidental, there is no doubt that exchange transfusion with packed cells is a simpler procedure which avoids the introduction into the patient's body of large amounts of adult plasma, and potentially toxic doses of citrate and calcium. Two cases are described in detail which have unusual serologic and clinical features and illustrate the types of problems which may arise when treating erythroblastotic babies.

scholarly journals Concentration of Fetal Red Blood Cells From a Mixture of Maternal and Fetal Blood by Anti-i Serum—An Aid to Prenatal Diagnosis of Hemoglobinopathies

Blood ◽  
1974 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 411-415 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuet Wai Kan ◽  
David G. Nathan ◽  
Gabriel Cividalli ◽  
Marie C. Crookston
Keyword(s):  
Prenatal Diagnosis ◽  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Red Cells ◽  
Fetal Blood ◽  
Fetal Cells

Abstract Fetal red blood cells were concentrated from mixtures of maternal and fetal cells by differential agglutination with anti-i serum. This method will be useful for prenatal diagnosis of hemoglobinopathies when blood obtained from the fetus is heavily contaminated by maternal cells. The method is practical, except in very rare cases in which the maternal red cells are strongly agglutinated by anti-i.

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