The occurrence of Echinococcus multilocularis Leuckart, 1863 in Alberta

1971 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 575-576 ◽  
Author(s):  
John C. Holmes ◽  
Jerome L. Mahrt ◽  
William M. Samuel
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Echinococcus Multilocularis ◽  
Peromyscus Maniculatus ◽  
Aspen Parkland

Echinococcus multilocularis Leuckart, 1863 has been recovered from 63 of 283 Peromyscus maniculatus trapped near Edmonton, Alberta. This record extends the known distribution of Echinococcus multilocularis in central North America to the northwestern edge of the prairie and into the aspen parkland zone.

ON THE TAXONOMY OF THE GENUS CLADOTAENIA, THE LIFE HISTORIES OF C. GLOBIFERA (BATSCH, 1786) AND C. CIRCI YAMAGUTI, 1935, AND A NOTE ON DISTINGUISHING BETWEEN THE PLEROCERCOIDS OF THE GENERA PARUTERINA AND CLADOTAENIA

1959 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 317-340 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reino S. Freeman
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Life Histories ◽  
Peromyscus Maniculatus ◽  
Tamiasciurus Hudsonicus ◽  
Valid Species ◽  
Tamias Striatus ◽  
Napaeozapus Insignis ◽  
The World ◽  
Sorex Cinereus ◽  
Circus Cyaneus

A review of the taxonomy of the genus Cladotaenia established that at least four species of this genus occur in Europe, Egypt, and Sudan; that four species occur in North America; and that there are 10 valid species in the world. C. circi Yamaguti, 1935 is redescribed from Circus cyaneus hudsonius and Accipiter cooperi, and C. globifera (Batsch, 1786) is redescribed from Accipiter gentilis atricapillus, A. striatus velox, Buteo p. platypterus, B. jamaicensis, and C. cyaneus hudsonius all collected in North America. The development of the plerocercoid of both species is described. Natural infections with the plerocercoid of C. circi, are reported from Peromyscus maniculatus sonoriensis, and with the plerocercoid of C. globifera in the rodents, Clethrionomys gapperi, Napaeozapus insignis, Peromyscus maniculatus gracilis, P. leucopus noveboracensis, Tamias striatus, Tamiasciurus hudsonicus, and the insectivore Sorex cinereus. The ratio of the length of the hook to length of guard of the large hooks of Cladolaenia is less than 3.5:1, whereas this ratio is more than 3.5:1 on the large rostellar hooks of Paruterina, which is considered a good criterion for distinguishing the plerocercoids of the two genera.

ANOMALIES OF ONCOTAXY IN TWO SPECIES OF ECHINOCOCCUS FROM NORTH AMERICA

1959 ◽  
Vol 37 (5) ◽  
pp. 793-801 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Lubinsky
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Echinococcus Multilocularis ◽  
Probable Origin

Anomalies of oncotaxy of adult and larval scoleces of Echinococcus multilocularis and E. aff. granulosus from North America are described. It is pointed out that some of these anomalies affect characters usually believed to be characteristic of species. Abnormal oncospheres of E. multilocularis with 2, 7, and 12 hooks are described and the probable origin of the giant oncospheres is discussed.

Larval Echinococcus multilocularis Leuckart, 1863 in the southern Interlake area in Manitoba

1969 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 733-734 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chiu-Fan Lee
Keyword(s):  
Echinococcus Multilocularis ◽  
Peromyscus Maniculatus

Larval Echinococcus multilocularis was found in one of 25 Peromyscus maniculatus collected in a dolomite quarry near Gunton, about 30 miles north of Winnipeg. This finding shows that E. multilocularis is present in Manitoban rodents at least in an area of 60 sq. mi.

scholarly journals Asian Admixture in European Echinococcus multilocularis Populations: New Data From Poland Comparing EmsB Microsatellite Analyses and Mitochondrial Sequencing

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gérald Umhang ◽  
Jenny Knapp ◽  
Marion Wassermann ◽  
Vanessa Bastid ◽  
Carine Peytavin de Garam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Echinococcus Multilocularis ◽  
Nuclear Genome ◽  
Microsatellite Analysis ◽  
Northern Eurasia ◽  
Mitochondrial Haplotype ◽  
Red Foxes ◽  
Asian Origin ◽  
Eastern European Countries ◽  
The Impact

The cestode Echinococcus multilocularis is the causative agent of a severe zoonotic disease: alveolar echinococcosis (AE). The parasite is distributed over a vast area in northern Eurasia and North America, but the impact of AE on human health is highly uneven between different regions. One hypothetical reason for this difference in virulence may be the genetic structure of E. multilocularis which—based on mitochondrial sequences and EmsB microsatellite profiles—forms four distinct clades. These clades correspond approximately to their continents of origin: Asia, Europe, and North America, with a fourth clade apparently restricted to Mongolia and neighboring regions, even though this clade has not yet been described by EmsB genotyping. However, there are various records of genetic variants from the “wrong” region, e.g., “European” haplotypes in Western Canada, which may be the result of introduction or natural migration of host animals. One such example, prompting this study, is the recent record of an “Asian” mitochondrial haplotype in worms from foxes in Poland. At the time, this could not be confirmed by EmsB microsatellite analysis, a method that has proven to possess greater discriminatory power with the E. multilocularis nuclear genome than sequencing of mitochondrial markers. Therefore, worms collected from foxes in Poland were examined both by EmsB analysis and sequencing of the full mitochondrial cox1 gene in order to allocate the samples to the European or Asian cluster. Based on EmsB analyses of 349 worms from 97 Polish red foxes, 92% of the worms clearly showed “European-type” EmsB profiles, but 27 worms (8%) from seven foxes showed profiles that clustered with samples of Asian origin. According to cox1 sequences, a total of 18 worms from 8 foxes belonged to the Asian cluster of haplotypes. The two methods did not fully agree: only 13 worms from three foxes belonged to Asian clusters by both EmsB and cox1, whereas 18 worms from nine foxes belonged to different clusters, according to each marker. Cross-fertilization between worms of Asian origin and those from the European Polish population may explain these conflicting results. The presence of clearly Asian elements in the Polish E. multilocularis population could be the result of introduction of E. multilocularis with host animals (e.g., domestic dogs), or the migration of foxes. In the absence of genetic data from eastern European countries, especially those bordering Poland, it cannot be concluded whether this Asian admixture is typical for a larger area toward central/eastern Europe, or the Polish parasite population is the western extreme of a gradient where both European and Asian elements mingle. Further studies are needed on this subject, preferably using both mitochondrial sequencing and EmsB microsatellite analysis.

Studies on sylvatic echinococcosis. II. The occurrence of Echinococcus multilocularis Leuck. 1863 in Manitoba

1969 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 135-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. D. Leiby ◽  
G. Lubinsky ◽  
W. Galaugher
Keyword(s):  
North American ◽  
Echinococcus Multilocularis ◽  
Peromyscus Maniculatus ◽  
Deer Mice ◽  
First Report ◽  
The North ◽  
Gravel Pit

Cysts of Echinococcus multilocularis Leuck. 1863 were found in 15 of 99 deer mice, Peromyscus maniculatus (Wagner), from a dolomite quarry and a gravel pit 12 and 20 miles north northeast of Winnipeg respectively, in the Stony Mountain – Argyle area. This is the first report on the occurrence of E. multilocularis in Manitoba rodents. It extends northeast the known area of distribution of this cestode in the North American prairies.

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